CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

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Can activation energy be negative?

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Will we need to know pseudo equilibrium for the final?

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thanks!

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as of what we have learned, we must be given the necessary information to find out n and m.

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the values in experiment 1 and 4 the initial rate stays the same and the concentrations of A and B stay the same. C however changes between the 1 and 4 experiment so it doesn't contribute to the initial rate.

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Can someone clarify what unique rate laws are? I did not understand what Lavelle said during class about this. Thanks!

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Question #15 in the hw can help with understanding this. reactants [CH3Br] and [OH-] both end in having the order = 1 (n=1, m=1) so if you add n and m you get 2. the OVERALL reaction order is 2 while the individual reactions have the reaction order of 1.

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you can use the hw question #15 to help your understanding on this. [CH3Br] and [OH-] both end in having the order = 1 (n=1, m=1) so if you add n and m you get 2. the OVERALL reaction order is 2 while the individual reactions have the reaction order of 1.

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the order for both [CH3Br] and [OH-] are n=1 so the overall reaction order would be 2 because 1+1= 2

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I read on another question that the test would cover up to question #49 I believe... Can anyone clear this up?

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you use experiments 1 and 4 to find [C] in respect to [A] and [B] because A and B values are the same values. This helps in finding the order of [C] because the values for [C] in experiment 1 and 4 are different.

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How do you determine when to use the differential rate law vs the integrated rate law? Does the question and what is given help?

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First Order
slope = -k
n=1
-d[A]/dt = k[A]^1
ln[A] = -kt

Second Order
slope = k
n=2
-d[A]/dt = k[A]^2
1/[A] = kt + (1/[A])0

Zero Order
Slope = -k
n=0
-d[A]/dt = k
[A] = -kt

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within the problem they should state whether or not it is average or not.

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why is O3's oxidation state 0?

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what is an easy way to figure out the oxidation states?

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I'm also confused on differentiating this problem

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.38J/g C is the specific heat of Copper, these values can be found in a table in chapter 8

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Delta G is not always negative. When it is negative it implies that it is spontaneous. When it is positive it implies it is nonspontaneous

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Some TA's have said it might be good to know how certain equations are derived because in previous tests he has asked to show how to get a formula.

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The method you have been using should work because the units and conversions should be equal.

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Im confused on this as well

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they can be crossed out if they are of equal amounts

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In class Lavelle asked why does steam cause severe burns. Can someone explain this process in depth please.

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will there be a question similar to this on the test?

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there are no practice tests but some UA's have made worksheets you could practice from. One of them is from Karen Leung I believe. She posted it here so if you search her name it'll probably pop up.

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For the test do we need to know how to derive the work equation? I know Dr. Lavelle said work and DU won't be on the test but this seems like a conceptual thing to me so I'm not entirely sure. I have this same question this is equation 4, and Lavelle said not to worry about it for test 1. But know ...

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reversible problems wont be on the test because that involves equation 4 on pg 266 and he said we dont need to worry about equation 4 for test 1

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For test 1, will we need to know both irreversible and reversible or just one?

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Also what would be the steps to figure out the work?

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How do you determine if there was work done or not? Not sure how to differentiate the differences.

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I believe some were:

Carbon = graphite
oxygen: O2
Chlorine: Cl2
Iodine: I2 (solid)
Br: Br2 (liquid)

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During lecture, Lavelle went over the different methods to solve enthalpy. How do you know when to use each method?

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thanks! That clears it up

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How can I tell the difference between trigonal pyramidal and t shape when looking at the Lewis structures?

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lavelle has a chart of the polydentate that we should know about on his website if that helps

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and is it polar or nonpolar?

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Is O3 linear or bent?

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What's a quick way or trick in finding the hybridization?

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when molecules have lone pairs, it is going push the atoms so that the angle will be narrower and less than expected

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you should approach this problem as a trigonal pyramidal because with VSEPR formula is AX3E

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n=3 and l=2 does give 3d because l=2 implies the d orbital. The d orbital contains 5 orbitals with 2 e- in each orbital, making it have 10e-. I think you confused the number of orbitals and the number of maximum electrons.

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Whenever I do questions like this I make this table to remind me of the of the l #, orbital, and electron amount l= orbital e- 0 s 2 1 p 6 2 d 10 3 f 14 so for b) because l=2, this problem has 2e- same for part d because l=2

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also confused on this question...

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n -principal quantum number -determines the energy and size -also called shell n=1,2,3,4,... l -orbital angular momentum -describes the shape l=0,1,2,3.... (n-1) ml -labels different orbitals of a subshell -orientation -magnetism ml= -l -> +l above 3 quantum numbers specify an orbital ms -the spin m...

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To figure out if there is an unpaired electron, write out the electron configuration and/or orbital diagram.

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I missed lecture, but I got notes from a friend and I noticed for the e- configuration for Cu it was written as: [Ar] 3d^104s^1
I was confused why there is a bracket around Ar? Is it just a shorter notation or way to write the configuration?

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The answer is UV because that part of the spectrum has a small wavelength with high frequency. And we know that high frequency allows for electrons to be ejected from the surface.

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yes, divide by Avogadro's constant. Then you can solve the rest of the question

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I thought that too, but how would other elements apply to equations?

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Are we just focusing on equations for H or other elements too?

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Empirical formula just gives the ratio/relative number of atoms
The molecular formula gives the actual number of atoms.
So the empirical formula would usually have a smaller ratio than the molecular formula
ex) C3H4O3 <-- empirical
C6H8O6 <-- molecular

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I'm a little confused about sig figs. How many sig figs are in 460? and why do some questions have a number then a period after? ex. 898.

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