CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Clarissa Molina 1D

When writing an oxidized and reduced species in the same phase are they always separated in the order (Oxidized, Reduced) in the cell diagram no matter what side of the cell diagram they're on?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Will we be told if a porous disk or salt bridge is being used or is there a way to figure that out?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How can you tell which side a cathode or anode is on in a cell diagram?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Can someone please explain the difference between the collision theory and the transition state theory?

Clarissa Molina 1D

What is the difference between a homogeneous catalyst and a heterogeneous catalyst?

Clarissa Molina 1D

When there are multiple paths, why is the faster one the one that determines the rate law? I'm still kind of confused on this concept

Clarissa Molina 1D

How do you know which step is rate determining by looking at a graph interpretation of a reaction such as the one shown above?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How can we tell if a substance is a catalyst or an intermediate?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Just for clarification, a catalyst can appear in the rate law but an intermediate cannot?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Do we use K=k/k' when there is only one step in a mechanism and K=(k1/k1') x (k2/k2') x ... when there are multiple steps?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Can someone further explain when to use steady state approximation and the pre equilibrium approach please?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Will we be told which step is the slow or fast step? If we are not told how do we find the slow step?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Do you always ignore the reverse of the slow step? Why?

Clarissa Molina 1D

I'm still sort of confused about the pre-equilibrium approach, can somebody please explain it?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How do we know when to use the pre-equilibrium condition?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Raising the temperature of an exothermic reaction favors the formation of reactants while raising the temperature of an endothermic reaction favors the formation of products.

Clarissa Molina 1D

Is this equation only used when K1 at T1 is known?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Does deltaS total always equal 0 in a reversible process? Is it possible for deltaS to be 0 in an irreversible system, and why or why not?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Why are heat and work not state functions?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Can someone explain what residual entropy is and is it found from just using this equation?

Clarissa Molina 1D

W= (# of possible orientations)^ (# of molecules). For example if you have 3 molecules and each molecule could be arranged in 10 ways then W= 10^3. You might have to use Avogadro's number like explained above.

Clarissa Molina 1D

You can calculate the number of microstates by using W= (# of possible orientations)^(# of molecules)

Clarissa Molina 1D

Yes, with an increase in temperature, there is an increase in available microstates so W increases as well. Since W increases, the entropy increases as well.

Clarissa Molina 1D

How do we know when to use the 2nd law or 3rd law equations? What is the main difference between these 2 laws?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Is Clausius' inequality, ΔS is greater than or equal to (q/T) always true or only under certain conditions?

Clarissa Molina 1D

The heat that leaves the system enters the surroundings so q(surr)= - q

Clarissa Molina 1D

How do we know when to use the different R values? When would 3/2R or 5/2R be used?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Just for clarification, would the bond enthalpy values in the reactants be positive and the bond enthalpy values for the products be negative?

Clarissa Molina 1D

For the set up for this problem, how did you get 16675.91565 for the first part of the equation?

Clarissa Molina 1D

For test 1 question 3, it states "when a balloon filled with gas is expanded to a larger volume and lower pressure while maintaining the same temperature," how is heat being transferred in this process?

Clarissa Molina 1D

When calculating the reaction enthalpy using mean bond enthalpy values vs standard enthalpies of formation values, why is there a difference between answers?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Would a 20mL vial filled with an organic solvent be open or isolated? and why?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How can you tell between a Lewis acid and Lewis base by looking at the lewis structure?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How does an endothermic or exothermic reaction affect the direction of the reaction?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Can somebody explain the 5% rule when approximating x please? Is K being less than 10^-3 enough to be able to approximate or does it also have to follow the 5% rule?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Are Be and Li the only atoms that form duplets or do other atoms form duplets as well?

Clarissa Molina 1D

What is the overall trend for electron affinity? And are there any exceptions to the trend?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Will we be required to know the bond angles on certain molecular shapes and how lone pairs affect the angles?

Clarissa Molina 1D

What is the relationship between bond length and bond strength?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Are there any restrictions to drawing double bonds or triple bonds between certain atoms in lewis structures?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Which elements are able to exist in both positive and negative oxidation states? Is there a way to determine that or do we just have to memorize which elements this applies to?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Will we only be asked to give the number of unpaired electrons for ground state configurations?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How can you tell if a an electron configuration represents the ground state or an excited state of an atom?

Clarissa Molina 1D

For question 2.37b, why are electrons in an s-orbital more effective than those in other orbitals at shielding electrons from nuclear charge?

Clarissa Molina 1D

I am still a little confused, how do you determine how many electrons can have certain quantum numbers?
In 2.29a with the quantum numbers n=2 and l=1, the answer is 6 electrons, but why is that the answer?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How can we tell if the dipole moments cancel out or not? I am still a little confused about that concept.

Clarissa Molina 1D

How can we determine if there is a dipole moment? For example, for NO2 on Test 4 the correct answer was yes there is a dipole moment, but do we determine that by looking at the lewis structure?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How is a chelate different than a polydentate?

Clarissa Molina 1D

How do we determine the coordination number of the metal ion when the complex has (en) or (edta) or (ox)?

Clarissa Molina 1D

For prefixes, in what cases would bis- tris- and tetrakis- be used?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Does anyone know the difference between writing CN as cyanido or cyano? The solution manual uses cyano to denote CN, but in table 17.4 it is listed as cyanido, does it matter which name is used?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Along with the wavelengths within the Balmer and Lyman series, will we need to memorize the wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum? Or will they be given to us?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Regarding the constant for the speed of light, should we always use 2.99792 x 10^8 or is it okay to round to 3.0 x 10^8? In the lectures 3.0x10^8 is used, but on the constants and equations sheet it says 2.99792 x 10^8

Clarissa Molina 1D

Are we expected to know terms such as incomplete combustion and understand how that affects the chemical equation or will the problem state which compounds are involved?

Clarissa Molina 1D

Do C, H, and O all have to be present in order for it to be a combustion analysis problem, and will the problem state which elements are involved?

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