CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

How is Ka different from K and how would we consider the difference when solving equations for the equilibrium constant?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

The state functions are Enthalpy, Volume, Temperature, Pressure, Density, Heat Capacity, Energy, and Gibbs Free Energy. Work and heat are not state functions.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

What is a nucleophile?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

I think it would be sufficient to know the names and structure of each functional group and be able to distinguish between their pictures

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

For question 9.19, why do you have to do 3 steps when calculating change in entropy? Why does it make sense to decrease the temperature again after heating it and doing phase change?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

If entropy is a state function and therefore the pathway to get to the end state does not matter, why are there different equations for entropy based on whether the pathway is reversible vs irreversible?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Do reaction orders always have to be whole numbers or can they also have fractional orders?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

What does it mean for a reaction to have a negative order?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

do zero order reactions have a constant slope, a slope of zero, or a varying slope throughout the entire reaction?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

K is constant for each different reaction since they each have different molecules reacting at different temperatures and thus would require a different constant value to carry out the reaction. However K is the same for each individual reaction.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

The curve of the concentration vs time graphs show that as the reaction proceeds, the curves level out... therefore, if you take the rate of the curve later on in the reaction, it will equal 0. This is when the reaction is in more of a thermodynamic setting rather than kinetic. Thus, we take the ini...

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Just remember that the system + surroundings = universe. So whatever you label as your system, the rest will be surroundings.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Would a galvanic cell ever have more than one cathode/anode ?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

If you forget to balance the reaction is there a way to find that you have made a mistake at the end? Is there something that indicates that your answer does not make sense?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Why are exothermic reactions favored if exothermic involves forming bonds?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

For question 9.76, how can we tell how many possible orientations the cis and trans compounds can have? Will we be required to evaluate this for the midterm?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

On question 9.55 they ask us to calculate the change in Gibbs Free energy. We are able to find the change in entropy and change in enthalpy using the standard enthalpy of formations and standard molar entropies. However, the answer uses the temperature at 298 K... how are we able to assume this temp...

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Is there any way to measure delta G? Or is the only way to calculate it using enthalpy and entropy?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

When G is a maximum why can the system no longer change?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

How is positional residual entropy different from regular entropy? Would this affect any calculations?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

To add on to this idea:
Since the W is a maximum for the isolated system at equilibrium, entropy is also a maximum at equilibrium.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

If you only consider the first law, you will only be considering the change in enthalpy of the system. However, the change in entropy also is needed to describe the likelihood that the system will be in a particular state. This leads to the second law of thermodynamics which incorporates the effects...

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Why does each gas molecule have 2x positions available to it and therefore resulting in W2/W1=2 ?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Also,
the standard enthalpy of formation of an element in its most stable form is zero.
This could be used to help distinguish between the two.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Do we need to know how to do the problems (like in the green box on pg. 265 of the textbook) involving using the derivative to calculate the work of reversible, isothermal expansion of a gas?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

The change in internal energy is the sum of work and heat. Both work and heat are not state functions, however internal energy is a state function. Why does adding together 2 not state functions produce a state function?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

State properties include enthalpy, volume, temperature, pressure, density, heat capacity, and energy.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Also, why does this pressure have to be constant? What will happen if it varies?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

There are two equations : Delta U = work(w) and Delta U = heat(q)
Does this mean both work and heat equal each other as well?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

How does electronegativity affect the relative strength of an acid?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Does increasing the number of photons of light shone on a metal result in an increase in the intensity/amplitude of light?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

In a coordination complex, does the Ligand provide both electrons to the Lewis Base? Or do they share the two electrons from each atom?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Does a resonance structure have any effect on how many atoms can be involved in that polydentate?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

If a coordination compound has a double bond on an atom, can that atom be involved in a polydentate?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Why is only B a chelating complex? All the structures seem like the central atom is being coordinated.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Do we have to know all the rules for naming coordination compounds for the test?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Do we have to know all the rules for naming coordination compounds for the test?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Will we have to draw Lewis structures for the midterm?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

That is correct. The one double bond can be drawn on any one of the three bonds between S and O. All the bonds have a bond length size in between the size of a single and double bond. However, this cannot be drawn on a VSEPR drawing and therefore a double bond is shown on one of the three bonds, ind...

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Why does the atom with the lower ionization energy go in the center when drawing VSEPR models?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

The structure with a formal charges zero is more stable. For example, in the example we did in class of the SO4 molecule, the second drawing we did consists of the central atom with a formal charge of 0, making that drawing more stable than the first drawing which had the central atom of a formal ch...

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

In class we looked at the trends in ionization energy for atoms in the gaseous phase. How does this trend affect the atoms in other states, like liquid and solid?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

For example, the molecule CH4 is a non polar molecule since Carbon and Hydrogen have similar electronegativities. Alternatively, H2O is a polar molecule since oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen so oxygen pulls the electrons more closely to itself, making oxygen have a partial negati...

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

Would we need to know all the wavelengths of light in the EM spectrum?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

In question 1.33 how would you differentiate between using the kinetic energy formula and De Broglie's equation?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

In chapter 1 #23 the question gives the energy in the units of keV. How would we convert this to joules in order to use the energy to find wavelength?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

In question #11 in chapter 1, the answer states that the quantum number for the lower energy is the same for each absorption line however it gives the principal n number different for each series. Why is each principle number different and how does it affect each series grouping?

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

For M1 the question asks what is the percent yield of hydrazine? The question gives the net ionic equation for the reaction. I was wondering if the net ionic equation plays a role in this problem since some of the dissolved ions are not written.

Simrina Desar Dis 1H

No we would not need to know the net ionic equation for this test. However we do need to know how to balance the chemical equation. In this case the balanced equation would be Cu(NO3)2 + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaNO3. You would set up the net ionic equation by determining if the molecules are soluble o...

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