The equation for the second order integrated rate law is
kt + 1/[A]o = 1/[A]
where k is a positive slope in the straight line graph
Search found 44 matches
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:46 am
- Forum: Second Order Reactions
- Topic: Plotting second order reactions
- Replies: 3
- Views: 655
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:45 am
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: fast step before slow step
- Replies: 2
- Views: 592
Re: fast step before slow step
The slow step requires more energy for the reaction to achieve, and in turn, more time which is why it is the rate-determining step
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:43 am
- Forum: Zero Order Reactions
- Topic: Zero order reaction
- Replies: 8
- Views: 1030
Re: Zero order reaction
For instance, a liquid or solid would not affect the rate
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:41 am
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: pKa and pKb
- Replies: 4
- Views: 729
Re: pKa and pKb
when given pKa and asked for ph, solve for Ka with pKa= -logKa which would mean 10^(-pKa)= Ka Then, if the reaction is acidic, find the Ka equilibrium equation for the reaction Usually, an initial Molarity will be given for the Reactant Once the Ka equation is written, set it equal to the Ka value c...
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:36 am
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: heating curves
- Replies: 4
- Views: 1506
Re: heating curves
That heating curve is specific to water. Other molecules would have different heating curves and heat capacities.
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:33 am
- Forum: Second Order Reactions
- Topic: rate
- Replies: 3
- Views: 574
Re: rate
The integrated rate law for a second-order reaction is
kt + 1/[A]o = 1/[A}
The graph has a positive k, straight line slope which means that over time concentration of A is increasing
For the general rate law, the units for K would be 1/(M * s)
kt + 1/[A]o = 1/[A}
The graph has a positive k, straight line slope which means that over time concentration of A is increasing
For the general rate law, the units for K would be 1/(M * s)
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:28 am
- Forum: Kinetics vs. Thermodynamics Controlling a Reaction
- Topic: zero order reaction
- Replies: 29
- Views: 1352
Re: zero order reaction
The slope is -k because the integrated rate law for zero order is
-kt + [A]o = [A]
similar to the straight line y= mx + b
[A] = -kt + [A]o
-kt + [A]o = [A]
similar to the straight line y= mx + b
[A] = -kt + [A]o
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:24 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Balancing alkaline solutions
- Replies: 1
- Views: 455
Re: Balancing alkaline solutions
This is because OH- is used specifically for alkaline or basic solutions. Whereas H+ is associated with acidic solutions
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:23 am
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: mmol units
- Replies: 2
- Views: 602
Re: mmol units
For mmols you would need to divide by 1000 because 1000 mmols equals 1 mol. As long as they all have the same units, then the problem should be fine
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:21 am
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: Slow elementary step
- Replies: 2
- Views: 533
Re: Slow elementary step
Also, the slowest step is the one that requires the most energy to overcome such as the Activation Energy
- Sun Mar 17, 2019 9:20 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: How to balance half reaction
- Replies: 5
- Views: 836
Re: How to balance half reaction
In an alkaline solution OH- is used to balance the number of oxygen and hydrogen atoms on both sides. Then electrons are used to balance the charge
- Thu Jan 17, 2019 4:08 pm
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: 5% rule
- Replies: 12
- Views: 3468
5% rule
How do you use the 5% rule if there is more than one reactant? In the example in class it was CH3COOH-> H30+ + CH3COO- and the percentage is calculated by dividing (1.3 x 10^-3)/(0.10) * 100% which equals 1.3% but how would you do it if it were this for instance?? 2N2 + O2 —> 2N2O and our x= 7.15 x ...
- Fri Jan 11, 2019 11:29 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: equilibrium
- Replies: 3
- Views: 328
Re: equilibrium
Also, when a reaction is said to be at equilibrium, it means that the products and reactants are being produced at the same rate. A chemical reaction at equilibrium represents a fixed P/R=K ratio. K is independent of concentration which means it will not change when there is more of one product or r...
- Fri Jan 11, 2019 11:16 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Kp
- Replies: 9
- Views: 776
Re: Kp
Additionally, when using Kp, partial pressure has to be calculated where when Kc is used, the concentrations have to be calculated
- Sun Jun 10, 2018 8:52 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Non-polar molecules
- Replies: 4
- Views: 615
Re: Non-polar molecules
A molecule as a whole can be Non-polar with polar bonds as long as they cancel out mmhm. Having one dipole movement makes it polar molecule if there is nothing to cancel out with it. so
C-Cl is polar bc of EN diff
but Cl-C-Cl is nonpolar because two dipole movements cancel out
C-Cl is polar bc of EN diff
but Cl-C-Cl is nonpolar because two dipole movements cancel out
- Sun Jun 10, 2018 8:46 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Dipole Moment understanding
- Replies: 5
- Views: 2109
Re: Dipole Moment understanding
Additionally, it is also when there is a difference in electronegativity great enough for it to be a polar bond. Nonpolar molecules have no dipole movements because the electrons are shared equally, so there are no partial charges. Polar bonds have partial charges because there is an unequal sharing...
- Sun Jun 10, 2018 8:36 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: CH3COOH vs CH3OH Acid Strength
- Replies: 2
- Views: 6021
CH3COOH vs CH3OH Acid Strength
Why is CH3COOH a stronger acid than CH3OH?
- Fri Jun 08, 2018 2:40 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: salt in water
- Replies: 2
- Views: 2263
salt in water
Dr. Lavelle said in the lecture today that salts do not affect the pH of water. Why is this? And how is related to not affecting the boiling point as well?
- Fri Jun 08, 2018 1:52 am
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: H3O vs H2O
- Replies: 5
- Views: 2680
Re: H3O vs H2O
Also, since acids donate hydrogen ions, if the product has less hydrogen than the one in the reactant side, then it is easier to determine the acid.
- Fri Jun 08, 2018 1:22 am
- Forum: Calculating pH or pOH for Strong & Weak Acids & Bases
- Topic: Relative acidity
- Replies: 2
- Views: 1129
Re: Relative acidity
Also, the bonds for a strong acid are very easy to break when they are dissociated in water. This means that the H+ ions will lose an electron and it will go to the other element, the weak conjugate base. EX: HCL -> H+ + Cl- Strong Acid -> H+ + Weak Conjug Base ->this WCB is stable and unreactive be...
- Thu Jun 07, 2018 4:28 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: dipole moments
- Replies: 9
- Views: 1736
Re: dipole moments
Yeah, he larger the difference in Electronegativity, the more powerful the dipole moment. Also, if there is a strong dipole moment and there is a very unfair sharing of electrons, then the bond is weaker. This is why polar bonds are weaker than nonpolar bonds. Equal sharing = stronger bond= nonpolar...
- Thu Jun 07, 2018 4:23 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Hybrid Orbitals
- Replies: 3
- Views: 574
Re: Hybrid Orbitals
In class, he said something about how it is written differently, but the more clear way is sp3d
- Wed Jun 06, 2018 2:39 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Ka
- Replies: 5
- Views: 819
Ka
What does Ka represent and why is it significant?
- Tue May 29, 2018 6:07 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Double/Triple Bonds
- Replies: 8
- Views: 1041
Re: Double/Triple Bonds
It will also form double or triple bonds to become more stable
- Tue May 29, 2018 5:21 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Lone Pairs
- Replies: 2
- Views: 353
Re: Lone Pairs
Vsepr.jpg A lone pair of electrons repels more than a bonded pair of electrons because LPE are less stable and have more energy. An electron bond and a lone pair are both considered regions of electron density, and regions of e- density repel. The LPE repel more which means that the bond angles wil...
- Tue May 29, 2018 5:04 pm
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: HW question 4.1
- Replies: 5
- Views: 674
Re: HW question 4.1
The lone pairs are not shown, but if it were, then one would most likely be on top and the VSEPR would be AX2E1. The bond angle would be less than 120, but all of the angles would be about that much.
- Mon May 28, 2018 4:42 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: London Forces
- Replies: 7
- Views: 951
Re: London Forces
London forces are AKA Dispersion forces, Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole, and Van der Waals forces. They occur when there is an uneven distribution of electrons causing a temporary dipole moment and temporary partial charge. This temporary dipole creates another dipole called a temporary induced dipol...
- Mon May 28, 2018 4:08 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Dipole
- Replies: 4
- Views: 632
Re: Dipole
Yes, the arrow would go towards the more EN atom.
an example would be H2O, since O is more EN than H the arrow will point towards O
an example would be H2O, since O is more EN than H the arrow will point towards O
- Mon May 28, 2018 2:28 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Partial charge or full charge
- Replies: 4
- Views: 5676
Re: Partial charge or full charge
A nonpolar molecule will have no charge and a polar molecule will have partial charges. A partial negative would go on the more EN side and a partial positive would go on the less EN side of the molecule because the electron concentration goes more towards the more EN element.
- Mon May 28, 2018 1:23 pm
- Forum: Resonance Structures
- Topic: Radicals importance
- Replies: 3
- Views: 514
Re: Radicals importance
The way to identify a radical would be if the molecule has an uneven number of electrons and at least one unpaired electron
- Sun May 06, 2018 5:33 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Stability of Cl vs Cl-
- Replies: 6
- Views: 2323
Stability of Cl vs Cl-
Since Cl has 7 valence electrons and only needs 1 more to complete its octet, once it obtains an electron to become Cl-, is it more stable as this ion? And does stability mean that it is less reactive?
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:47 am
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: f orbitals
- Replies: 3
- Views: 389
Re: f orbitals
Yeah we don't have to worry about those for now. The other 3 are though (s, p, d) (sphere, propeller, daisy)
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:42 am
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: ejecting electrons
- Replies: 4
- Views: 509
Re: ejecting electrons
Amplitude relates to the intensity of the light. If there is a higher wavelength, then there are more photons and a brighter light.
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:39 am
- Forum: DeBroglie Equation
- Topic: work threshold
- Replies: 1
- Views: 314
Re: work threshold
is this for the energy per photon equation?
E= ch/λ?
E= ch/λ?
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:37 am
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: Difference between orbitals
- Replies: 4
- Views: 453
Re: Difference between orbitals
The shapes are... s is a "sphere", p is a "propeller", d is a "daisy" and f is irrelevant right now
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:31 am
- Forum: Einstein Equation
- Topic: p=mv [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 3
- Views: 1205
Re: p=mv [ENDORSED]
Yeah I believe the equation for power is force x velocity
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:24 am
- Forum: Bohr Frequency Condition, H-Atom , Atomic Spectroscopy
- Topic: E=R(1/n-1/n)?
- Replies: 7
- Views: 1093
Re: E=R(1/n-1/n)?
ΔE=Ef-Ei
En= -hR/n^2
ΔE= -hR/nf^2 - (-hR/ni^2)
ΔE= hR/ni^2 - hR/nf^2
V=R(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)
ΔE/h= R(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)
ΔE=hR(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)
ΔE=hR/ni^2 - hR/nf^2
En= -hR/n^2
ΔE= -hR/nf^2 - (-hR/ni^2)
ΔE= hR/ni^2 - hR/nf^2
V=R(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)
ΔE/h= R(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)
ΔE=hR(1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)
ΔE=hR/ni^2 - hR/nf^2
- Mon Apr 30, 2018 1:05 am
- Forum: Einstein Equation
- Topic: Kinetic Energy vs Power
- Replies: 2
- Views: 373
Re: Kinetic Energy vs Power
The P in p=mv stands for momentum. The equation for Power is Force x Velocity. In a case where we are only given momentum, I think we can solve for Kinetic energy ( E=threshhold+KE ) if we substitute other equations for E and get it in terms of p=mv E = threshold + KE hv = threshold + KE KE = hv - t...
- Sun Apr 29, 2018 11:43 pm
- Forum: Bohr Frequency Condition, H-Atom , Atomic Spectroscopy
- Topic: test 2 #4
- Replies: 4
- Views: 599
Re: test 2 #4
I had trouble with that one too for the same reason. I assumed it was from n=1 to n=2, but wasn't sure.
The formula I used was the En= -hR/n^2 which I believe is the same as the V= R((1/n1^2)-(1/n2^2))
The formula I used was the En= -hR/n^2 which I believe is the same as the V= R((1/n1^2)-(1/n2^2))
- Sun Apr 22, 2018 11:59 pm
- Forum: DeBroglie Equation
- Topic: Wavelength= (h/p) [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 7
- Views: 1230
Re: Wavelength= (h/p) [ENDORSED]
Thank you this is helpful., also i think the mass of an electron is 9.10938356 × 10-31 kilograms
- Sun Apr 22, 2018 11:57 pm
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: amplitude and intensity
- Replies: 11
- Views: 1109
Re: amplitude and intensity
It is important to just keep in mind that increasing the intensity of light does not cause electrons to be ejected
- Sun Apr 22, 2018 7:39 pm
- Forum: General Science Questions
- Topic: Tools for remembering equations
- Replies: 5
- Views: 924
Re: Tools for remembering equations
I don't know a good song, but PLF said a way to help memorize the v= c/λ is
"Hey what's new? :D....speed of light over lambda" Haha I'd say it's pretty cute
"Hey what's new? :D....speed of light over lambda" Haha I'd say it's pretty cute
- Thu Apr 12, 2018 11:42 am
- Forum: SI Units, Unit Conversions
- Topic: Sig Figs
- Replies: 9
- Views: 1097
Re: Sig Figs
Also, this may come in handy when we start using them more, but it was mentioned in class how the final answer should have the least amount of significant figures. If one part of the problem has 3 sig figs and the other part has 6 sig figs, then I think your final answer should be rounded to 3 sig f...
- Thu Apr 12, 2018 11:32 am
- Forum: SI Units, Unit Conversions
- Topic: Moles mols mol? [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 21
- Views: 9292
Re: Moles mols mol? [ENDORSED]
Mole/s is the spelled out version of the abbreviations "mols" and "mol".
For example, Millimeter would be abbreviated as "mm"
In problems, usually abbreviations are used, so the "mol"
For example, Millimeter would be abbreviated as "mm"
In problems, usually abbreviations are used, so the "mol"