CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Something I used to help memorize is once you get the basic shapes down (ones without lone pairs), once you get to the shapes with lone pairs, the bond angles are similar but for exmaple A trigonal planar is AX3 and an angular shaped molecule is AX2E. Both have three regions of electron density. Tri...

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Lone pairs actually greatly affects the shape. For example a trigonal planar becomes a trigonal pyramidal if there is a lone pair on the central atom.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

All the good chemistry jokes...

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

In terms of Lewis structures, theres no set rule. It's all conditional.
If the central atom is period 3 and below, you can stick extra lone pairs to it.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

For VESPR the format is AXE. A represents the central atom. X are the atoms bonded to the centra atom (ligands), and E represents lone pairs.

So the lone pairs for VESPR formula is on the E with a subscript number.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Another alternative is that σ bonds can spin, and the circle shape of O resembles wheels.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

So in general, it's always best to fulfill the octet rule for the elements that need the full 8 even with some charge?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Delocalization means that a shared electron pair is distributed over several pairs of atoms and cannot be identified with just one pair of atoms.
This is from the book, page 81

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

If the Silver Surfer and Iron Man team up, they’d be alloys.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

So generally, just to make sure.
Cations increase in polarizability as atomic radius decreases.
Anions increase in polarizability as atomic radius increases ( and less electronegative).

Normal atoms follow same rule as cations ( same trend as radius size)

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Do anions follow the same trend or is there variability?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Is this trend the same for cations?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Can someone please explain to me the general trend of polarization?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Can someone please explain to me the Lewis structure of carbon monoxide? Is the most stable Lewis structure for it have a charge?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Fluorine is the most electronegative

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

I don't think they will, but it is good to show your work for credit and for the process.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

First thing is to look at how many orbitals are in the last sub shell you are given. For example, the last sub shell is p. P has 3 orbitals and can hold 6 electrons. Each orbital must be filled before you can pair electrons. if it is 4p^3, then there are 3 unpaired electrons because you must spread ...

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Even if the atoms have the same amount of electrons, you still follow the trend for atomic radii.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

According to Hund's rule, electrons repulse each other because they are the same charge, and while in the same subshell, they must occupy different orbitals. This means that there are two electrons in the 2p subshell and must first fill two orbitals and have parallel spins. ( two unpaired electrons )

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Yes, when two electrons are in the same orbital they must have opposite spins. The short term for these electrons is that they are "paired".

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

An orbital can only contain up to 2 electrons. This is Pauli's exclusion principle.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

So basically, increasing the intensity of the light will only result in more electrons coming off of the metal if each photon already has enough energy to remove?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

In regards to intensity, does it vary if you are looking at increasing intensity in the wave vs. particle model?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

I'm still a little confused on the differences between the wave and particle model for light. Could someone explain the differences?

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

To add to Nicole, many times you will need to find the amount of grams needed to make a certain amount of Molarity as well. This is easy once you find the moles and then convert by multiplying the molecular mass.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

You would first find the moles of the entire molecule. Once you have that, you would find the molar ratios. For example, NaCl. If you found the moles of NaCl and need the Cl ion concentration, it is a 1:1 ratio of moles since there is 1 mol of Cl- in the compound. You would use that amount of moles ...

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Yes.
Also just to add, if you are converting a single element using Avogadro's number, you would use atoms as the unit.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

In this case, alumina is a covalent bond. Covalent bonds use the unit molecules when converting using Avogadro's number.
Formula units are used when converting an ionic bond.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

Formula units is the units used for when converting mass or moles using Avogardro's number. Formula units are used in this case because KNO3 is not a covalent compound.

JoeyAnn Mateo 1D

In part a), you had to find the moles of the entire molecule. Once you find that you know the mole ratio of the entire molecule to the amount of Cl is 1 to 2 moles since there are 2 Cl ions the the molecule. So you would take the mole you found in part a) and multiply it by 2 to get the moles of CL ...

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