CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

isarose0

My TA said deriving the rate law was on one of the previous finals so you should know how to do it to be safe

isarose0

Why is the k1 multiplied by 2?

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It will be easier to figure out the derivation if you know the final equation for each order rate law

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Another way to distinguish cathode and anode is to make sure the Ecell comes out to a positive number when you subtract them

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The Nernst equation is used when galvanic cell concentrations are not in standard conditions, meaning they are not 1 M. The concentrations are used in the Q value of the equation.

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the rate is equal to k[A]^x, it changes according to initial concentration, the rate constant is the k value which doesn't change for the given reaction

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Questions involving concentration cells will most likely involve the Nernst equation since there are differing concentrations.

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When does the reaction rate also depend on the concentration of the products?

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The problem will most likely tell you if the system is isothermal, or constant temperature. This is also usually indicated by reversible expansion

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x would be negligible because it is so small and has little effect on the concentration

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Does anyone have notes from Lyndon's review session today that they are willing to share?

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if delta G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, if delta G is positive it is nonspontaneous

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oil rig, oxidation is loss, reduction is gain

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yeah i think so

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i believe they are the same thing

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Higher heat capacity means a less steep slope because it requires more energy (along x-axis) to raise the temperature (along y-axis) of the substance. In terms of the heating curve graph: when looking at y/x, the larger x is, or the energy, the smaller the slope-> less steep.

isarose0

Heat capacity is an intensive property because it is not dependent on the amount of substance, you can tell by the units of heat capacity Joules/degree celsius, molar and specific heat capacity DO depend on the amount of substance making them extensive properties, their units are Joules/degree celsi...

isarose0

Adding an inert gas doesn't affect the reaction equilibrium because the gas addition doesnt alter the volume, volume is the factor that has an effect on pressure and if volume is unaffected the pressure is unaffected as well.

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Entropy unit is J/K

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When work is positive, the surroundings are doing work on the system, ex: compression of piston, when work is negative, the system is doing work on the surroundings, ex: expansion of piston.

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bar is slightly more accurate than atm, by one percent

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A bomb calorimeter has constant volume

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When k is less than 10^-3

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When steam touches your skin it releases around eight times as much kJ of energy than if boiling water were to touch your skin based on waters phase change graph.

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An inert gas does not affect the equilibrium because the volume is not changing, therefore the concentrations are not changing.

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positive delta H is endothermic and negative delta H is exothermic

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Yes heat (enthalpy) is a state property.

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If the x value is less than 5% of the initial concentration, then the approximation (of removing the -x from the equation) is valid.

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K is unaffected by pressure but affected by temperature.

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You can use this equation to find an unknown (pressure, volume, molarity or temp)

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Shifting refers to the direction in which a the reaction favors, more of the product or reactant.

isarose0

405169322 wrote:What is the chemical formula for Pentaamminenitritonickel(III)?

[Ni(NH3)5(NO2)]2+

isarose0

405169322 wrote:What is the chemical formula for Bisethylenediaminediiodomanganese (IV) ion?

[Mn(en)2(I)2]2+

isarose0

CaminaB_1D wrote:can someone explain 23 and why porphyrin ligand is tetradentrate

Porphyrin is tetradentate because there are four binding sites of the ligand (the four N's in the diagram) to the Fe. The prefix to the dentate has to do with how many binding sites there are for a single ligand.

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EDTA is a significant ligand molecule

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Bent and angular are the same.

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It's written based on the molecules location in relation to the central atom to clarify that the O provides the electrons bonded to the central atom.

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Dipoles occur due to partial charges on atoms in molecules

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Also, a single bond is sigma bond, a double is sigma bond plus one pi bond, and triple is sigma bond plus two pi bonds

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How do you determine hybridized orbital orientation?

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London dispersion forces are always present between molecules, for polar and non-polar, however they are the only intermolecular forces present for non-polar.

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Coordinate covalent bond is one in which both the electrons on the bond come from the same atom

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Dipoles are a result of a partial positive and negative charge on atoms in molecules. You can determine this by figuring out if the molecule is polar or non-polar. Polar signifies that the molecules will experience the dipole-dipole interaction.

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Dipoles are a result of partial charges of atoms (or areas) in molecules, this can be determined by looking at the electronegativities of the elements involved, more electronegative elements pull electrons in closer creating a partial negative charge in the molecule

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Group 13 elements can have expanded octets because they have access to their 3-d orbital since its not filled

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Yes, because molecules exist on a 3 dimensional axis, they use space in directions X, Y, and Z. This is the reason why the angles are 109.5 degrees instead of 90 because they have room to evenly distribute into the Z plane as well creating a larger angle.

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ionization energy increases as you move towards the right side of the periodic table because the number of electrons in the valence shell of the atom increase, therefore, it takes more energy to remove the atom's valence electrons since the valence shell is almost or completely filled

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Phosphorus, Sulfur and Chlorine can accommodate more than 8 valence electrons.

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The central atom is the element with the lowest ionization energy.

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How do you determine how many subshells there are from an n value, for example if n = 3, how can you determine subshells from this?

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Is de Broglie more commonly used for small or large particles? Does size matter?

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Im confused, is a wave function defined by its quantum numbers? If not, what is the relation between wave functions and quantum numbers?

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Can someone give me the the most simple definition of a wavefunction?

isarose0

How can I create a new topic? The only way CC allows me to post is if I am replying in an existing thread, but I have some questions where I would want to create a new topic.

isarose0

What is a wave function, do they have specific values, and can someone explain conceptually too?

isarose0

For question 15 in chapter 1B, how does the textbook get part b, I understand why the equation is used (E=h/v) however I don't know how they got 2.5x10^16 for the v used.

isarose0

The speed of light is constant and will not change, there may be a more specific value, however, it is most commonly known as 3x10^8 m/s

isarose0

Rest mass is when an "object" is not in motion, has mass. Therefore, electrons, protons, etc. have rest mass because they still have measurable mass when they are not moving (as if you were holding one). Photons do not have rest mass because they primarily exist in motion.

isarose0

The ending value of volume should be in Liters because Molarity is calculated in moles per liter

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I did the first four modules and the videos that accompany them are the exact same lectures Lavelle did during week 1, they are helpful to go back and rewatch to get a better grasp on the topic. Also, I don't think they are graded at all.

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Keep track of each element by creating a small tea chart on the side! You can keep updating the chart when coefficients become higher values

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In question G5, once you are solving for the volume needed to obtain 2.15 mmil of Na+ why do you need to divide by 2 mol of Na+?

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