CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

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Elements that down the group are generally larger in ionic radii, so the attraction from the nucleus will be weak, and the acids formed by these elements will be easily dissociated in water.

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How could I know a salt is acidic or basic when it is formed by a weak acid and a weak base?

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that depends on the property and shape of the ligand. Basically, a polydentate ligand will have multiple number of lone pair electrons and the angle between each is around 90˚.

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For cyano- we need to know it's -1, and for the charge on metal ion we could basically calculate it.

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sigma bonds are formed by two orbitals overlapping at one point, but pi bonds are formed by overlapping at two points, each one is weaker than the single one point, so easier to break pi bonds.

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P has more shells of electron and less attraction from the nucleus.

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Generally, elements with d orbital, e.g. elements in 3rd period, will have expanded octet

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pi bonds will break first, as they are weaker than sigma bonds.

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Generally, the greater the difference between two atoms forming the ion, the greater ionic character this ion will show

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Ka is the indicator of strength of an acid, the greater it is the stronger the acid will be.
pKa = -log[Ka] so the greater pKa is the weaker the acid will be.
Kb and pKb work the same way but for bases.

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Weak acids include all organic acids.

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All rain is acidic because CO2 in air will be dissolved and form carbonic acid; however, acid rain are formed by SO2 dissolved in water and forming sulfuric acid which is a strong acid and more harmful.

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Alkali metals are 1st group metals and Alkaline metals are 2nd group. Generally Alkali metals form stronger bases comparing to the Alkaline metals in the same period.

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When evaluating acidity, it's more likely to consider the extent of dissociation of acids in water, which means if an acid gives more H+ ions it will be stronger, so we will see HI as the stronger acid as the HI bond is weaker and it will give more H+ ions.

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longer bonds stand for less attraction as the valence electrons are further from the nucleus, and the dissociation of acid gives H+ and decrease the pH, so acids with longer bonds will give more H+ ion and thus are stronger acids.

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water's identity depends on the reaction it's involved in. When acids are dissociated in water, water reacts as a base, while water reacts as an acid when bases are dissociated in water.

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HI has longer bond than HF, so it will be more easily dissociated in water, and this results in stronger acidity.

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most acids and bases will not dissociate 100%, but in our course we currently assume they are 100% dissociated.

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the number of hybridized orbitals is the same as the number of electron densities. e.g. a tetrahedral molecule has four electron densities, so it's sp3 hybridized.

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yes. One double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond, and one triple bond consist of one sigma bond and two pi bonds.

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two pi bonds and one sigma bond

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pi bond is formed by overlapping between p orbitals, or say parallel interactions between p orbitals. So it will only be formed when two atoms with their p orbitals overlapping, and it means that only when a double or triple bond formed, pi bonds will be formed, since the s orbitals form the single ...

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A is the central atom, X is the atom bond to A, and E is lone pair electrons on A. Knowing this, we are able to know the number of electron density around the central atom A. e.g. AX4 stands for 4 atoms bond to central atom, and there's no lone pairs, so there are 4 electron density around A, and th...

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There is an easy way to count sigma and pi bonds. One single bond is one sigma bond, and one double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond, a triple bond one sigma bond and two pi bonds. So if you simply want to know the number of each bond, you could just count the number of single, double...

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Octahedral shape refers to the geometry that has eight faces, oct meaning eight. An octahedral molecule has six electron density, one at the top, one at the bottom, and four in the middle, forming eight faces in total. Just try to visualize an octahedral molecule, and see how the geometry is shaped.

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square planar has 6 electron domains and 4 of them are forming bonds, 2 lone pairs. while tetrahedral shape has 4 electron domains and all of them form bond, no lone pair

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will the bond strength affect the bond angle in a molecule? do molecules like CF4 and CF2Cl2 have the same bond angle? if not how are the bond angles changed?

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When we are drawing lewis structure of one molecule, should we always draw all resonance of this molecule?

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Is there a way to determine if one molecule has net dipole moment?

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Are the repulsion between bond pairs influenced by the strength of those bond? do stronger bonds have greater repulsion?

CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Search found 30 matches

Re: Strength of acid

Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts

Re: Polydentate ligands

Re: naming

Re: pi vs sigma

Re: bond length

Re: Elements that break the octet rule

Re: Which bond would break first.

Re: Ionic Character

Re: pKa versus pKb versus Ka versus Kb [ENDORSED]

Re: Weak Acids/Bases?

Re: ACID RAIN

Re: Alkali vs Alkaline

Re: HCl vs. HI

Re: acidity

Re: Water as an Acid/Base

Re: Strong Acids

Re: Acid dissociation

Re: hybridization

Re: Sigma and Pi Bonds

Re: Pi bonds in triple bond

Re: pi-bonds

Re: VSEPR model

Re: Number of sigma and pi bonds

Re: Octahedral

Re: Square Planar vs Tetrahedral

bond angle and bond strength

Drawing resonance

Dipole moment

VSPER and bond strength