CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Nghi Nguyen 2L

in an isolated system there is neither an exchange of energy nor matter

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an intermediate is created and used up in a reaction while a catalyst is present in the beginning and the end of a reaction

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the question will tell us directly

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Pt is used as a conducting metal when your cell diagram doesn't contain a solid. And it is always added to the outside of the diagram

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n is the number of moles of e- transferred in a balanced redox reaction

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cathode is always on the right side of ll and anode always on the left side

Nghi Nguyen 2L

higher standard reduction potential means higher oxidizing power
lower standard reduction potential means higher reducing power

Nghi Nguyen 2L

i just thought of it like when you put ice in room temperature, it starts melting without you having to heat it, so therefore it's spontaneous

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pKa = -log(Ka)
pH = -log(H+)

Nghi Nguyen 2L

the questions usually tell you directly to assume ideal behavior

Nghi Nguyen 2L

you really just use it to determine K and its units

Nghi Nguyen 2L

when K is less than 1*10^-3 but I think Dr. Lavelle said on the midterm that he wants use to always use the quadratic formula so I can only assume that applies to the final as well

Nghi Nguyen 2L

there isn't that much of a difference between them , just use the unit that the problem states and make sure your R value corresponds

Nghi Nguyen 2L

i think Dr. Lavelle says he wants us to always use the quadratic formula and not approximate

Nghi Nguyen 2L

there shouldn't be any units for Keq, Ka, Kb, Kc, or Kp

Nghi Nguyen 2L

it will be posted 9am saturday

Nghi Nguyen 2L

yeah exactly, when delta G is negative, the forward reaction is spontaneous
and when delta G is positive, the reverse reaction is spontaneous

Nghi Nguyen 2L

q=nC(delta T) is used for temperature changes
q=n(delta H) is used for phase changes

Nghi Nguyen 2L

there are a lot of variables that affect delta G, so entropy could be positive or negative

Nghi Nguyen 2L

i just look at the units for the specific heat, they should tell you to use grams or moles

Nghi Nguyen 2L

the lower the standard reduction potential, the higher the reducing agent, since this means that it oxidizes itself and reduces others

Nghi Nguyen 2L

you really just have to look at delta G in relation to the other variables such as delta H, delta S, and T
knowing their signs will help you determine whether or not delta G is positive or negative, thus giving you spontaneity

Nghi Nguyen 2L

when you are given two or more reactants, it's a safe bet to calculate the limiting reagent

Nghi Nguyen 2L

I can't seem to focus when I read the textbook, so I tend to do a lot of practice problems to make up for it

Nghi Nguyen 2L

decreasing reduction potential, which means increasing oxidation reaction, which means increasing reducing power

Nghi Nguyen 2L

Doing a lot of worksheets and going to review sessions help a lot

Nghi Nguyen 2L

"sitting" means the reaction favors one side, whether it's reactants or products

Nghi Nguyen 2L

you have to balance the equation and look at the stoichiometric coefficients to determine that value

Nghi Nguyen 2L

they are just reciprocals of each other so for the forward reaction it's K and for the reverse reaction its 1/K

Nghi Nguyen 2L

you can calculate them the same way but the question will specify which to use by giving you a value

Nghi Nguyen 2L

only temperature affects the K value

Nghi Nguyen 2L

You would use an ICE table when you have the initial concentration and you need to find the equilibrium concentration. You will most likely be given these numbers in the question itself.

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not for naming but definitely for drawing out the structures

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Square pyramidal.

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You'll be able to find them since strong acids and bases completely dissociate.

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we use those prefixes for polydentates, and since oxalate is a bidentate, we can use them

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You would be able to find the molarity of H3O+ by getting molarity of OH- and then converting it using [H3O+][OH-] = 1.00 x 10^-14.

Nghi Nguyen 2L

Yes this is in reference to whether the bonds are pi or sigma.

Nghi Nguyen 2L

for 5 electron density regions, it is less than 90 degrees

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carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, and other byproducts from the use of fossil fuels for example mix with water to produce that acidic solution in the rain.

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to be safe, we should follow all sig fig rules. but just remember that the rules for pH and pOH are different. the sig figs for those count after the decimal.

Nghi Nguyen 2L

There are acidic salts and basic salts. An example of an acidic salt that would lower the pH would be NH4Cl.

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it fully ionizes/dissociates in a solution

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Simply be familiar with how many oxygen molecules can bind to the myoglobin, how many myglobins compose a hemoglobin, and the centre ligand of the heme complex, which are in the lecture notes!

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pH decreases when H+ increases because the addition of hydrogen ions make the solution more acidic, lowering the pH

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No you do not need to know this.

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There might be at least one question about which compound has a higher boiling or melting point.

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Thank you!

Nghi Nguyen 2L

When being asked to choose the stronger base, you should also consider the resulting anion stability.

Nghi Nguyen 2L

for square planar, it is technically 90 degrees and 180 degrees but he will accept either

Nghi Nguyen 2L

Strong base because it fully ionizes in solution ( OH- is given up easily with details regarding the bond between the OH- and the Na+).

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Monodentate is a ligand that bonds to one site on your transition metal. On the other hand, polydentates are when the ligands bond to more than one location. An example of a polydentate would be EDTA.

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If a compound is a amphoteric, then for the most part it is also amphiprotic.

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yes we do it is NH2CH2CH2NH2

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We won't be doing anything in terms of calculations with those buffers. Just know of them and that they serve a suffers in blood.

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Yes, basically from 400 nm to 700 nm, with violet being the shortest and red being the longest.

Nghi Nguyen 2L

I believe that we do not have to draw the shapes, but we do have to be able to recognize and identify them.

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for d-orbitals the trend would be dxy, dyz, dzx, dx^2-y^2, dz^2

Nghi Nguyen 2L

In the majority of questions, the actual yield will be given to you, so you won't have to calculated yourself. Instead you might be asked to calculate the theoretical yield instead.

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Pen or pencil doesn't matter as long as your homework is legible. I personally like pencil because I make a lot of mistakes.

Nghi Nguyen 2L

The easiest way to understand the Law of Conservation of Mass is that matter is neither created nor destroyed. This means that in a chemical equation, the number of reactant atoms are equal to the number of product atoms. The Law of Conservation on Mass is one of the key concepts in understanding ho...

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