In raising the temperature, the reaction will tend to form the side that has more energy. In endothermic reactions, that will be the products and in exothermic reactions, the reactants. In lowering the temperature, the reaction will tend to form the side that has less energy. In endothermic reaction...
NO! E knot values can only change when you inverse the reaction. If you have to multiple to get the electrons to cancel out, the E knot values remain the same.
Electrolytic cells just mean that electrolysis is occurring in that cell. The cell overall is a non-spontaneous reaction being driven to perform via an outside voltage. If anything, I would say that galvanic cells can power electrolytic cells, thus helping to drive a non-spontaneous reaction
Use the Gibb's Free Energy equation to determine spontaneity. While is is usually true that delta G follows the sign for delta H, please do not use this as a rule of thumb.
Yep, and you can multiple the reaction coefficients and reverse the reaction so they cancel out. Just make sure you do the same to the enthalpy, respectively, multiple them or change the sign.
I know for work that the positive and negative just mean that work is done on or done by the system. Meaning that the total amount of work is the absolute value of work done on and work done by added up.
Strong acids you will just need to memorize. Strong bases on the other hand is metal hydroxide where the metal is from the alkaline metals (Group 1) or alkaline earth metals (Group 2)
In terms of water, the ionization constant is the same as the equilibrium constant. In the breaking down of water, it creates ions H+ and OH-. So we are able to interchangeable use the words ionization constant.
I would use whichever one gets you to the answer in the solution manual. You made need to do the problem with both concentrations to determine if it was a typo or if they used the 10^-3 number throughout the whole problem.
-ate if for when the entire coordination compound has a negative charge aka when there are metals present before the coordination compound. -ide is for when the compound charge is positive or net neutral
OH2 has a charge of 0. Its water: H20 or OH2. So having 5 of them would still make the charge 0. Cl has a charge of -1. It is a halogen, so it will always have a charge of -1 The total charge of the coordinate compound is +1. So to get the compound from the -1 provided by the Cl to the +1 of the com...
So besides water, they get kind of weird. Hydrogen carbonate, bisulfate, amino acids, BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY (and probably the only one you will need to know) WATER
If I'm understanding your question correctly, there is zero possibility to find an electron in the center because the p orbital takes a infinity sign shape and in the middle, there is a nodal plane where no electron can exist.
So carbon will be the central atom because it is the least electronegative. And it will be have 4 elements around it. It does not matter where it goes. But CH2F2 is a non-polar molecule so by putting the H opposite each other and the F opposite each other, it gaurentees that.
Or in a simpler manner of explaining, trigonal planar has 3 bonding regions while trigonal pyramidal has 4! The only difference is the lone pair of electrons on trigonal pyramidal, which forces the bonds to be repelled.
I don't think we need to know how to calculate it for this class.
At most, just know the relationship. It has an inverse relationship with bond length (the longer the bond, the easier to break) and thus is directly related to atomic radius (the greater the atomic radius, the longer the bond)
Polarizability is the ease to release an electron. A higher electronegativity means that electrons are more tightly held together. So polarizability and electronegativity are inversely related.
So yes, H-bonds are the weakest types of bonds. Key word here being BONDS. So it's being compared to stronger covalent bonds and even stronger ionic bonds.
Anions are larger than their parent ion because there is one more electron with the same nuclear charge. Cation are smaller than their parent ion because there is less electrons with the same nuclear charge.
Degenerate orbitals are orbitals of the same energy level
Any s-orbital would have 1 degenerate orbital Any p-orbital would have 3 degenerate orbitals Any d-orbital would have 5 degenerate orbitals Any f-orbital would have 7 degenerate orbitals
I understand that for the p orbital, you can determine based off the magnetic quantum number if it is Px, Py, or Pz. But for the s, d, or f orbitals, are we supposed to be able to recognize which value of m lines up with which axis pairs?