Search found 59 matches
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 12:50 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Line Structures
- Replies: 1
- Views: 207
Re: Line Structures
generally carbon will always have 4 bonds in an organic compound, nitrogen will have 3+ a lone pair or 4. Oxygen would have a double bond and 2 lone pairs unless a hydrogen is drawn
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 12:47 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: hydrogen
- Replies: 19
- Views: 881
Re: hydrogen
The hydrogen in question must be bound to a Nitrogen, Oxygen or Fluorine. This is so that the electron density is almost completely pulled away from the hydrogen, essentially having it become an exposed proton that can bind to any lone pairs. The lone pairs, however, can come from any atom (typicall...
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 12:45 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Chelating vs Polydentate Ligands
- Replies: 3
- Views: 334
Re: Chelating vs Polydentate Ligands
A chelating ligand is one that binds to a cation in more than one location, thus it is polydentate.
Some of the common polydentate ligands are
oxalate (bidentate)
ethylenediamine (bidentate)
diethylenetriamine (tridentate)
ethylenediaminetriacetate (EDTA - hexadentate)
porphyrin (tetradentate)
Some of the common polydentate ligands are
oxalate (bidentate)
ethylenediamine (bidentate)
diethylenetriamine (tridentate)
ethylenediaminetriacetate (EDTA - hexadentate)
porphyrin (tetradentate)
Re: Metals
I'd know the common ones for the anion coordination compound naming:
iron (ferrate)
copper (cuprate)
chromium (chromate)
silver(argenate)
gold (aurate)
iron (ferrate)
copper (cuprate)
chromium (chromate)
silver(argenate)
gold (aurate)
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 11:49 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: Homework Problem J. 17
- Replies: 2
- Views: 232
Re: Homework Problem J. 17
K+ does not influence pH since it is the conjugate base of a strong base (it is highly stable and doesn't need to take a proton).
By process of elimination, ClO- is the conjugate acid of a weak base. Thus, it is able to accept a proton.
By process of elimination, ClO- is the conjugate acid of a weak base. Thus, it is able to accept a proton.
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 11:43 pm
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: cations and anions with naming
- Replies: 1
- Views: 168
Re: cations and anions with naming
The second name you said, potassium tetracyanonickelate (II) is the correct naming.
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 3:18 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Textbook 9C.9
- Replies: 2
- Views: 223
Re: Textbook 9C.9
For (c), en is bidentate (since it forms a ring and connects to the cation 2 times. Since there are 2 en's, the en's contribute a total of 4 bonds to the TM cation. Then, the 2 chlorides provide 2 bonds that bring the coordination number to 6. For (d), if you look at the structure of EDTA, it has 2 ...
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 2:36 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Define Acid and Base
- Replies: 7
- Views: 759
Re: Define Acid and Base
A lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor. A lewis base is an electron pair donor. A bronsted acid is a proton donor. A bronsted base is a proton acceptor. SO4 does not form H2SO4 in water; however, H2SO4 dissolved in water is a strong acid.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 2:33 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: transition metal is acid?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 186
Re: transition metal is acid?
I believe that transition metals are a Lewis Acid, but not a Bronsted acid.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 2:31 pm
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: Bases & Coordinate Covalent Bonds
- Replies: 2
- Views: 200
Re: Bases & Coordinate Covalent Bonds
The H2O acts as a weak acid, since it is a proton donor. It's a coordinate covalent bond since both electrons are provided by the O2-.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 2:28 pm
- Forum: Acidity & Basicity Constants and The Conjugate Seesaw
- Topic: What is kA value?
- Replies: 5
- Views: 546
Re: What is kA value?
It basically gives you the ratio between the (product of the concentration of each of the products)/(product of the concentration of each of the reactants). Using this, you can calculate the concentration of the reactants or products using the kA given.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:40 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Strong Acids/Bases
- Replies: 2
- Views: 166
Re: Strong Acids/Bases
They are able to protonate/de-protonate biological molecules like DNA, proteins, enzymes, etc. which many times inactivates their function. Additionally, many biological systems are pH sensitive, meaning that proteins will fold differently/act differently under different pHs.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:37 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Hybridization & Sigma and Pi Bonds
- Replies: 4
- Views: 292
Re: Hybridization & Sigma and Pi Bonds
Pi bonds do not affect hybridization. They are generally p orbitals that have not hybridized that are overlapping side by side.
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 7:38 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: boiling point
- Replies: 6
- Views: 633
Re: boiling point
I believe that since Iodine is larger than the Bromine, the induced-dipole/induced-dipole forces would cause the IMFs in the HI to be stronger than those in the HBr molecules.
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 6:12 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Hybridization of H2
- Replies: 2
- Views: 2226
Re: Hybridization of H2
There is no need for the orbitals to hybridize since they each have 2 unpaired electrons in the s orbital. Hybridization is observed when there are more sigma bonds than the number of unpaired valence electrons in the ground state of the central atom.
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 6:11 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Drawing dipoles
- Replies: 3
- Views: 253
Re: Drawing dipoles
Dr. Lavelle has said that the arrows should point towards the partial negative.
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 6:10 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Hm. 2e15?
- Replies: 3
- Views: 210
Re: Hm. 2e15?
So, because different atoms have different sizes, the angle is never truly/exactly 109.5 degrees unless all 4 atoms surrounding the central atom are the same. However, this phenomenon has a much smaller impact on bond angles than the presence of a lone pair, since lone pairs are untethered at one en...
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 7:27 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Polar and Nonpolar Question [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 4
- Views: 1316
Re: Polar and Nonpolar Question [ENDORSED]
You cannot, since the C-H and the C-Cl bonds are NOT equally polar. Additionally, this molecule is tetrahedral, so unless all 4 bonds are of the same polarity, the dipole moments don't cancel out.
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 6:42 pm
- Forum: Polarisability of Anions, The Polarizing Power of Cations
- Topic: Polarizability
- Replies: 2
- Views: 301
Re: Polarizability
Molecules/atoms that are bigger have more electrons, which means that the induced-dipole/induced-dipole forces would be stronger since the electron cloud can be more distorted, which creates a stronger partial charge.
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 6:39 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Sigma and Pi Bonds
- Replies: 2
- Views: 252
Re: Sigma and Pi Bonds
I think that is exactly the kind of question that we would be asked on a test.
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 6:38 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Bond angles
- Replies: 2
- Views: 217
Re: Bond angles
It would just be linear.
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 5:19 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: 2F.3 Help
- Replies: 1
- Views: 156
Re: 2F.3 Help
We haven't learned this yet in class; however, it refers to sp hybridization. Typically, a single bond is an s bond. A double bond requires the contribution of the s and p orbitals. A triple bond requires the contribution of 1 s orbital and 2 p orbitals.
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 5:18 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Hydrogen bonding
- Replies: 7
- Views: 397
Re: Hydrogen bonding
They are very strong intermolecular forces that give molecules like H2O special properties.
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 5:05 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Antioxidants
- Replies: 9
- Views: 688
Re: Antioxidants
Antioxidants are able to give a single e- to a free radical without becoming destabilized themselves.
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 4:35 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Electronegativity
- Replies: 9
- Views: 478
Re: Electronegativity
Yes it does. They both refer to similar properties about an atom's electron-nucleus relationship.
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 4:32 pm
- Forum: Polarisability of Anions, The Polarizing Power of Cations
- Topic: High Distortion
- Replies: 4
- Views: 265
Re: High Distortion
In a perfectly covalent bond, the electrons are perfectly shared between the two atoms. However, this is never the case unless the two atoms are the same, since there will be differing electronegativities between two different element's atoms. When an atom is more electronegative than the other, it ...
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 4:30 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Polarity
- Replies: 8
- Views: 221
Re: Polarity
Yes, you would likely have to draw/imagine the shape of a molecule and consider the dipole moments within it. For example, CH4 is symmetrical, so the dipole moments between C-H bonds cancel. However, H2O is not, and this can be seen by the strong dipoles in H-O bonds.
- Sun Nov 10, 2019 4:29 pm
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: Bond strength
- Replies: 4
- Views: 248
Re: Bond strength
Yes this is correct.
- Wed Nov 06, 2019 4:01 pm
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Expanded Octet
- Replies: 10
- Views: 478
Re: Expanded Octet
It's because elements in Period 3 and higher have available space in the d shell to accommodate more electrons.
- Wed Nov 06, 2019 3:53 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Xenon and Expanded Octets
- Replies: 2
- Views: 135
Re: Xenon and Expanded Octets
The FC charge equation gives a FC of 0 when you look at these structures. FC = # of valence e - (# of lone pair e + # of bonding/2)
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 3:38 pm
- Forum: Electronegativity
- Topic: Electronegativity trends
- Replies: 5
- Views: 242
Re: Electronegativity trends
I think we just need to know the general properties of all the trends.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 2:23 pm
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Bonds:
- Replies: 3
- Views: 108
Re: Bonds:
a bond is 2 electrons.
- Tue Oct 29, 2019 6:19 pm
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: Wave vs. Particle Model
- Replies: 2
- Views: 123
Re: Wave vs. Particle Model
I imagine there would be an experimental set up where we were to determine how an electron/photon will act in a certain situation as a wave/particle. Or, we could be asked to use one of the equations (De Broglie, etc) to calculate energy of a particle.
- Tue Oct 29, 2019 4:17 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Dipole vs ionic bond
- Replies: 2
- Views: 145
Re: Dipole vs ionic bond
I believe you're right, since the partial charges are from covalent bonds and formal charges from elements within the compound.
- Tue Oct 29, 2019 4:13 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Exceptions to the Octet Rule Question
- Replies: 3
- Views: 151
Re: Exceptions to the Octet Rule Question
I believe that they generally do. To have an FC of 0, they need an expanded octet.
- Thu Oct 24, 2019 9:41 am
- Forum: Heisenberg Indeterminacy (Uncertainty) Equation
- Topic: Question about speed uncertainty
- Replies: 1
- Views: 85
Re: Question about speed uncertainty
Firstly, the position uncertainty that you would enter into your calculation would be 10 meters. Since the car has such a large mass, and since the speed uncertainty is on the order of 10^-39, this calculation is unhelpful since we can measure the speed of the car quite accurately. This calculation ...
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 3:47 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: E- removal
- Replies: 3
- Views: 195
Re: E- removal
The first and second electron have an energetic relationship, meaning that there is some e-/e- repulsion between the 2. When the first is removed, that repulsive force disappears, leaving the second electron more tightly bound to the nucleus. Additionally, since the nucleus has less electrons to hol...
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 3:36 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: Ion
- Replies: 3
- Views: 113
Re: Ion
I believe the ground state of an ion is essentially the element in its normal electron configuration (without charge or excited electrons).
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 3:27 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: Oribital Notation
- Replies: 3
- Views: 179
Re: Oribital Notation
You should write it from lowest to highest energy.
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 3:10 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Trend in periodic table
- Replies: 6
- Views: 220
Re: Trend in periodic table
Yes you are correct. And going down the table means that you get more energy levels.
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 3:01 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: octet rule
- Replies: 6
- Views: 237
Re: octet rule
Yes, he hasn't covered this yet but some of the elements in Periods 3 and down can have something called an expanded octet. I think he will go over this on Friday.
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 2:52 pm
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: Diffraction Patterns for Electrons
- Replies: 3
- Views: 144
Re: Diffraction Patterns for Electrons
Yes, they do. They have a small enough mass where theycan exhibit wave like properties via the De Broglie equation.
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 8:17 pm
- Forum: Heisenberg Indeterminacy (Uncertainty) Equation
- Topic: General question 1B.27
- Replies: 4
- Views: 201
Re: General question 1B.27
Δp = m Δv is the equation to relate Δv to Δp. I believe that the Δ accounts for +/-.
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 6:03 pm
- Forum: Heisenberg Indeterminacy (Uncertainty) Equation
- Topic: how to express answer
- Replies: 6
- Views: 161
Re: how to express answer
In class, Prof. Lavelle used a best-case scenario and maintained an "=" in his subsequent calculations; however, I don't believe it would be wrong to include the ">"
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 6:01 pm
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: Schrodinger's Equation
- Replies: 4
- Views: 178
Re: Schrodinger's Equation
Schrodinger's equation is taught to us to demonstrate how we "define" electrons. Because of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, we can never truly know where an electron is, and Schrodinger's equation materializes the properties of electrons as the solutions to the equation.
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 1:10 am
- Forum: Quantum Numbers and The H-Atom
- Topic: Week 3 HW Help
- Replies: 1
- Views: 73
Re: Week 3 HW Help
I believe that there is a set number of orbitals based on the subshell. s has 1 orbital, p has 3, d has 5 and f has 7. Each orbital holds 2 electrons, with an opposite spin.
- Tue Oct 15, 2019 9:25 pm
- Forum: *Shrodinger Equation
- Topic: Schrondiger's Wave Function Equation
- Replies: 1
- Views: 145
Re: Schrondiger's Wave Function Equation
Psi^2 represents something called a probability density. Probability density is DIFFERENT from probability in that probability density has a unit (volume^-1). When you take psi^2, you can multiply it by the volume in question (for example: the volume of an atom) to get the probability of finding the...
- Mon Oct 14, 2019 3:46 pm
- Forum: Photoelectric Effect
- Topic: frequency and speed
- Replies: 7
- Views: 278
Re: frequency and speed
Using the equation you mentioned (KE(electron) = E(photon)-Threshold Energy), the speed of the photon is not in question. Photons (and all radiation) will travel at 3*10^8 m/s. However, depending on how much energy the photon has, the KE of the electron (not radiation) will change via velocity (sinc...
- Mon Oct 14, 2019 3:21 pm
- Forum: Photoelectric Effect
- Topic: frequency and speed
- Replies: 7
- Views: 278
Re: frequency and speed
The speed of radiation does not decrease with increased frequency. c = Frequency*Wavelength, where c is the speed of light (3*10^8m/s). Since c is constant, frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional. This means that if frequency goes up, wavelength will go down, and vice versa.
- Wed Oct 09, 2019 4:02 pm
- Forum: Quantum Numbers and The H-Atom
- Topic: Atomic Spectra
- Replies: 5
- Views: 155
Atomic Spectra
Do the emission and absorption spectra of atoms always correspond?
- Wed Oct 09, 2019 3:58 pm
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: Energy
- Replies: 6
- Views: 313
Re: Energy
Think of the energy levels like hitting a golf ball into the hole. If you hit the ball too lightly, it won't go into the hole. If you hit the ball too hard, it again won't go into the hole. If you miss, you have to bring the golf ball back to try and hit it again. Similarly, an electron will only mo...
- Wed Oct 09, 2019 3:52 pm
- Forum: Photoelectric Effect
- Topic: E=hv
- Replies: 1
- Views: 79
Re: E=hv
Using this equation, the energy you get is the energy of 1 particle - whether it be a photon or electron. Therefore, if you wanted to find the amount of energy to remove 1 mole of electrons, you would need to calculate the energy needed for the removal of 1 electron, and then multiply by avagadros n...
- Wed Oct 09, 2019 3:49 pm
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: Energy Levels
- Replies: 8
- Views: 203
Re: Energy Levels
I believe that 1 photon is always released per energy change. This can be observed by the fact that light of just ONE frequency can cause an electron to jump 2 energy levels.
- Wed Oct 09, 2019 3:43 pm
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: wave/particle properties of mass
- Replies: 3
- Views: 116
Re: wave/particle properties of mass
I think that photons are considered massless packets of energy, so I'm not sure whether the same rules would apply.
- Wed Oct 02, 2019 4:26 pm
- Forum: Significant Figures
- Topic: E21b. Sig Figs
- Replies: 5
- Views: 277
Re: E21b. Sig Figs
I agree with the above answers; it must have something to do with the molar mass calculations.
- Wed Oct 02, 2019 4:23 pm
- Forum: Limiting Reactant Calculations
- Topic: M.9
- Replies: 5
- Views: 336
Re: M.9
The net ionic reaction essentially means that you only include atoms/molecules that do NOT remain in an aqueous state after the reaction has completed.
- Wed Oct 02, 2019 4:21 pm
- Forum: Molarity, Solutions, Dilutions
- Topic: G7)
- Replies: 2
- Views: 115
Re: G7)
Exactly, since H2O and the compound are the only two molecules present in the solution.
- Wed Oct 02, 2019 4:20 pm
- Forum: Empirical & Molecular Formulas
- Topic: HW problem F9
- Replies: 8
- Views: 332
Re: HW problem F9
I believe these would be the lowest whole number ratios that you get--essentially the empirical formula.
- Wed Oct 02, 2019 4:16 pm
- Forum: Empirical & Molecular Formulas
- Topic: 5 Homework Problems Due
- Replies: 21
- Views: 867
Re: 5 Homework Problems Due
Technically, you would only need to do 5 problems by this Friday; however, I did many more to prepare myself for the tests, etc.