Search found 115 matches
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 12:40 pm
- Forum: Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
- Topic: Slow Step Mechanism
- Replies: 7
- Views: 479
Re: Slow Step Mechanism
Yes, it definitely depends on the reaction, so pay attention to the descriptors!
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 12:40 pm
- Forum: Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
- Topic: Slow Step Determination
- Replies: 5
- Views: 353
Re: Slow Step Determination
It should be given, or the rate law will be given and whichever step matches that rate law will be the slow/rate-determining step.
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 12:39 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Determing balanced rxns for a basic solution
- Replies: 5
- Views: 438
Re: Determing balanced rxns for a basic solution
That method works! What helps me is knowing that OH- gives you one H and one O atom per molecule, while H2O gives you 2 H and one O atom per molecule. Therefore, the side with already existing O molecules will likely have H2O added to it (most of the times, it is the amount of O atoms already there)...
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 12:35 pm
- Forum: Kinetics vs. Thermodynamics Controlling a Reaction
- Topic: What was your favorite chem topic?
- Replies: 137
- Views: 8713
Re: What was your favorite chem topic?
I think kinetics and electrochemistry were my favorite!
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 12:34 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Lecture 4 Week 10 notes and Kinetics review
- Replies: 2
- Views: 403
Re: Lecture 4 Week 10 notes and Kinetics review
Thank you so much!
- Thu Mar 12, 2020 6:23 am
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Earthquake FINAL REVIEW SESSION
- Replies: 11
- Views: 1062
Re: Earthquake FINAL REVIEW SESSION
I will attend - thank you for organizing this!
- Mon Mar 09, 2020 5:14 pm
- Forum: Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
- Topic: Collisions in Unimolecular Reactions
- Replies: 2
- Views: 230
Collisions in Unimolecular Reactions
In class today, Lavelle brought up how in reactions, the reactants need to collide with enough energy (activation energy) for the reaction to proceed. How does this apply to unimolecular reactions, where there is only one reactant and it doesn't need to collide?
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 9:51 am
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: Rate Law
- Replies: 2
- Views: 242
Re: Rate Law
To second off that, you can never determine a rate law like you do equilibrium constants or Q, as there are usually a bunch of intermediate steps in reactions that you have to take into account. Therefore, unless you know the whole reaction mechanism, rate laws can only really be determined experime...
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 9:50 am
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: Rate Law Slopes
- Replies: 3
- Views: 294
Re: Rate Law Slopes
For a zero order reaction, if you just plot [A] over time, it should be a straight line, and -k will be the slope. For other order reactions, the graphs will not be straight lines, so you cannot determine k (the slope) unless you take either the ln[A] of the reaction for a first order reaction, in w...
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 9:46 am
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: Calculating ln Q
- Replies: 20
- Views: 1472
Re: Calculating ln Q
I find it helpful to write out the cathode and anode reactions, even though they are roughly the same. For instance, the half reactions would be: Anode: Metal -> Metal2+(aq, anode conc.) + 2e- Cathode: Metal2+(aq, cathode conc.) + 2e- -> Metal If you add them up, you can easily get the overall equat...
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 9:45 am
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: Nernst Equation for Concentration Cells
- Replies: 6
- Views: 370
Re: Nernst Equation for Concentration Cells
In addition, if you want Ecell (not Enaught cell) to be positive, you would want Q to be less than 1 so that lnQ will be negative.
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 9:44 am
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: Units G=-nFE
- Replies: 6
- Views: 818
Re: Units G=-nFE
The units cancel out because volts, coulombs, and joules are all interrelated -- one joule is equal to one volt times one coulomb.
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 10:36 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: Strongest Reducing Agent
- Replies: 5
- Views: 500
Strongest Reducing Agent
How do you determine what's the most strongly reducing agent, as in 6.45? How is Al the most strongly reducing metal, even though it is very low in the standard electrochemical series?
- Sat Feb 29, 2020 1:01 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: 6N.3
- Replies: 1
- Views: 155
6N.3
Could someone explain how they did 6N.3, specifically how they got that Ecell(not standard) = 0.33 V, as it says in the solutions manual?
Thanks!
Thanks!
- Sat Feb 29, 2020 9:16 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: potential vs voltage
- Replies: 2
- Views: 237
Re: potential vs voltage
Potential difference is the same as voltage. Ecell is the measure of the potential difference between two half cell reactions in a redox reaction.
- Sat Feb 29, 2020 9:14 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: HW 6L.7 (c)
- Replies: 1
- Views: 201
Re: HW 6L.7 (c)
I believe KOH is just a neutral form of the OH- ion involved in one of the half reactions - I'm not sure if you actually need to include the KOH or if just OH- is fine.
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 11:14 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: When to apply Pt into cell diagrams
- Replies: 9
- Views: 504
Re: When to apply Pt into cell diagrams
You add Pt when there is no metal at the electrode. The only exception to this is for Hg(l) -- you can just put Hg(l) instead.
- Thu Feb 27, 2020 10:27 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: 6K5D
- Replies: 1
- Views: 146
Re: 6K5D
I'd write two half-cell equations, both involving P4 as a reactant, but one with it being oxidized and one with it being reduced.
- Thu Feb 27, 2020 10:26 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: 6K. 5a
- Replies: 1
- Views: 228
Re: 6K. 5a
I think we should be given these half-cell reactions on tests, because it would be very hard to know them right off the bat. The reason for why O3 -> O2 still transfers electrons is because although O3 is neutral overall, it still has partial charges on its individual O atoms.
- Thu Feb 27, 2020 10:25 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: 6K. 5b
- Replies: 3
- Views: 299
Re: 6K. 5b
I believe in your first half-cell equation, there should be 10 electrons transferred because you have 2 atoms of Br instead of 5. Hope that helps!
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 11:45 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: Estimating Delta G
- Replies: 2
- Views: 233
Re: Estimating Delta G
Perhaps he was referring to the electric potential, E. If delta E is positive, delta G will be negative. If delta E is negative, delta G will be positive.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 11:44 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Solution Manual Error??
- Replies: 1
- Views: 181
Re: Solution Manual Error??
I'm not super sure if this is an error, but if it is, it might be listed on Lavelle's website under his solution manual errors document.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 11:41 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: acidic solutions
- Replies: 3
- Views: 296
Re: acidic solutions
You add both H+ ions and water to balance out the number of total H atoms on each side.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 11:40 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Acidic and Basic
- Replies: 3
- Views: 225
Re: Acidic and Basic
Sometimes the question will tell you if the solution is acidic or basic. Other times, if there are more H+ ions on one side, it will be acidic, whereas if there are OH- ions, it will be basic.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 11:39 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Tips for Balancing Reactions
- Replies: 3
- Views: 212
Tips for Balancing Reactions
Does anyone have good tips as to how they balance redox reactions, especially the ones where you have to add H+/OH- and H2O because they're in acidic/basic solutions? Thanks!
- Sun Feb 16, 2020 8:06 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Determining charge
- Replies: 5
- Views: 294
Re: Determining charge
Elements that are not transition-group elements usually have constant charges, especially nonmetals. In those cases, you would just use the charge of the cation or anion. For instance, potassium would be K+ (1+ charge) while chloride would be Cl- and have a -1 charge. To determine the charge of tran...
- Sun Feb 16, 2020 8:03 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Reduction vs. oxidation
- Replies: 29
- Views: 1147
Re: Reduction vs. oxidation
You can memorize it with the acronym OIL RIG: Oxidation Is Loss (of electrons), Reduction Is Gain (of electrons).
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 2:51 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Negative work
- Replies: 14
- Views: 915
Re: Negative work
Work is negative when a system does work, which means that it expands. If you do work, you lose energy, so it is negative. On the other hand, work is being done on the system when it is compressed. Think of it as the system can expand by itself, but you have to do something to the system to compress...
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 2:09 pm
- Forum: Third Law of Thermodynamics (For a Unique Ground State (W=1): S -> 0 as T -> 0) and Calculations Using Boltzmann Equation for Entropy
- Topic: degeneracy W
- Replies: 7
- Views: 562
Re: degeneracy W
Na stands for the number of atoms, or if you’re dealing with molecules, molecules, hence the N and a. You use Avogadro’s number to find the number of atoms or molecules if given moles, because the equation to degeneracy W is the number of possible states to the power of the number of atoms.
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 2:02 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Irreversible reactions and temperature
- Replies: 3
- Views: 285
Irreversible reactions and temperature
Can you have an irreversible reaction that involves no change in temperature or delta U, or could you have a reaction at constant temperature but a nonzero value for delta U?
For instance, 4.17 is at constant temperature but delta U does not equal to 0.
For instance, 4.17 is at constant temperature but delta U does not equal to 0.
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 11:59 am
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: delta U
- Replies: 8
- Views: 210
Re: delta U
It wouldn’t necessarily be an isolated system because you can still do work on the system.
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 11:46 am
- Forum: Thermodynamic Systems (Open, Closed, Isolated)
- Topic: isolated system
- Replies: 16
- Views: 790
Re: isolated system
I believe so as well, as it cannot exchange energy with its surroundings at all.
For an adiabatic container, however, you should always have q=0 since no heat is exchanged, but work can still be done, so w does not necessarily equal to 0 unless at constant volume.
For an adiabatic container, however, you should always have q=0 since no heat is exchanged, but work can still be done, so w does not necessarily equal to 0 unless at constant volume.
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 11:43 am
- Forum: Thermodynamic Definitions (isochoric/isometric, isothermal, isobaric)
- Topic: Reversible and Isothermal
- Replies: 4
- Views: 259
Re: Reversible and Isothermal
I think you can assume that reversible equations are isothermal. Think of a phase change, which is at equilibrium and isothermal.
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 11:42 am
- Forum: Calculating Standard Reaction Entropies (e.g. , Using Standard Molar Entropies)
- Topic: Why is delta U = 0 for isothermal reactions?
- Replies: 11
- Views: 4250
Re: Why is delta U = 0 for isothermal reactions?
Delta U is 0 for an isothermal reaction because it is a state function and overall everything cancels out. This means that q + w = 0.
- Fri Feb 07, 2020 10:40 pm
- Forum: Student Social/Study Group
- Topic: Any Worksheets from UA/TA/etc?
- Replies: 14
- Views: 623
Re: Any Worksheets from UA/TA/etc?
The link is working for me - try it again, maybe it wasn't fully uploaded earlier!
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 9:41 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: Constant Pressure
- Replies: 3
- Views: 106
Re: Constant Pressure
When pressure is constant, there is expansion work done, which can be calculated using the equation w = -P(deltaV). However, at constant volume, delta V is 0, so w will be 0 and no work will be done.
- Sun Feb 02, 2020 11:43 am
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: Homework 4.15
- Replies: 1
- Views: 103
Homework 4.15
Where do you find the values needed to find the standard heat of reaction in this problem? How do you calculate it as well?
Thanks!
Thanks!
- Sat Feb 01, 2020 10:50 pm
- Forum: Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
- Topic: Combustion Reactions
- Replies: 5
- Views: 197
Combustion Reactions
How do you know when water is a gas or liquid in a combustion reaction?
- Sat Feb 01, 2020 5:51 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: Work positive or negative
- Replies: 5
- Views: 173
Work positive or negative
How can you tell when work is positive or negative when calculating the internal energy, such as in 4B.5?
- Sat Feb 01, 2020 5:50 pm
- Forum: Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
- Topic: Homework 4C.9
- Replies: 2
- Views: 97
Re: Homework 4C.9
Okay that's what I thought but wasn't sure. Thanks!
- Fri Jan 31, 2020 10:56 pm
- Forum: Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
- Topic: Homework 4C.9
- Replies: 2
- Views: 97
Homework 4C.9
Does anyone know the answer for part a. of this question? Do you have to take into account the raised temperature of the water or the copper kettle, or both?
Thanks!
Thanks!
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 11:28 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: 4D.3
- Replies: 2
- Views: 121
Re: 4D.3
That makes a lot more sense now - thank you so much!
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 11:17 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: 4D.3
- Replies: 2
- Views: 121
4D.3
Can someone explain 4D.3b please and how to calculate the change in internal energy please? Thanks!
- Sun Jan 26, 2020 4:09 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Phase Change
- Replies: 4
- Views: 136
Re: Phase Change
Those values should be given to you (I.e. the heat of vaporization of water is 40.7 kJ/mol), but it is up to you to multiply those values accordingly depending on how much of something you have (I.e. moles of water).
- Sun Jan 26, 2020 4:05 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Combustion
- Replies: 5
- Views: 158
Re: Combustion
Agreed. Combustion is a unique type of reaction in which an organic/carbon-based molecule reacts with oxygen to produce CO2 and water.
- Sun Jan 26, 2020 4:04 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Enthalpy & Spontaneity
- Replies: 4
- Views: 216
Re: Enthalpy & Spontaneity
If a reaction is spontaneous, it means that no additional energy is needed for the reaction to occur. It will just happen naturally (although this doesn’t indicate how fast a reaction will occur). You can determine spontaneity using Gibbs free energy or delta G — if the value is negative in a reacti...
- Sun Jan 26, 2020 3:58 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: phase changes
- Replies: 6
- Views: 239
Re: phase changes
A phase change occurs any time you convert a substance, between the three states of matter/phases: solid, liquid, and gas. There is also a fourth stage but it should be irrelevant to the class. You can determine which changes are exothermic and endothermic by comparing the relative energies of the d...
- Wed Jan 22, 2020 10:29 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Test 1 Practice Worksheet #5
- Replies: 6
- Views: 249
Re: Test 1 Practice Worksheet #5
I actually got 8.6 - I think you forgot to convert the given pKa value to pKb, as the molecule you are dealing with is actually the base.
- Sat Jan 18, 2020 7:36 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: 5I.11 units
- Replies: 5
- Views: 331
Re: 5I.11 units
Yes, you could just calculate the mmol to moles (1 mol = 1000 mmol) and then divide that by the volume (0.500 L) to get the concentration.
- Sat Jan 18, 2020 4:22 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Kc sig figs
- Replies: 4
- Views: 160
Kc sig figs
When determining how many sig figs to include in our end values, do we factor in the sig figs of given K values too? For instance, if you want to find the concentration of H2 and have the concentrations of I2 and HI up to 3 sig figs, but your given K value only has 2, would you round the value of [H...
- Sat Jan 18, 2020 3:40 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5G.1
- Replies: 2
- Views: 93
5G.1
For 5G.1 part c, would the explanation that it is false because the concentrations of the products and reactants don't affect the value of K itself be correct?
- Sat Jan 18, 2020 3:34 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5E.2 table??
- Replies: 3
- Views: 107
Re: 5E.2 table??
I think it is a typo and it should actually refer to Table 5G.2, which other problems refer to. However, I think there is also an error between the given Kc value in the table and the one in the solutions manual, so I'd just be careful of that.
- Wed Jan 15, 2020 7:15 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5.39
- Replies: 2
- Views: 135
5.39
Could someone explain how to do 5.39? I'm having trouble with the given Kc -- it should be 6.1 * 10^23 according to the table in the textbook but the solutions manual seems to say it's 6.1 * 10^-3, so I'm a bit confused.
Thanks!
Thanks!
- Sun Jan 12, 2020 10:13 am
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: Test 1
- Replies: 7
- Views: 356
Test 1
How much of ideal gases will we have to know for Test 1? Thank you!
- Sun Jan 12, 2020 10:04 am
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Cancelling out the X
- Replies: 3
- Views: 235
Re: Cancelling out the X
You are allowed to cancel out the x, or deem it negligible to get an approximation of a K value or concentration of a reactant/product, if the K value is very small. Usually the cutoff is 10^-4, so if it is less than that, you can solve the equation without including the x. This usually happens when...
- Sun Jan 12, 2020 10:00 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Kc vs. Kp [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 4
- Views: 279
Re: Kc vs. Kp [ENDORSED]
Kc applies to molar concentration (M) of gases or aqueous solutions, while Kp applies only to gases and is respective to their partial pressures.
- Sun Jan 12, 2020 9:58 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: K and Q
- Replies: 3
- Views: 142
Re: K and Q
The concentrations of solids and liquids don't change much compared to those of aqueous solutions and gases, so they are negligible/cancel out as 1 basically.
- Fri Jan 10, 2020 10:30 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Why does only Temp affect K?
- Replies: 10
- Views: 16768
Re: Why does only Temp affect K?
For any given concentrations, the ratio will always be the same, regardless of what the concentrations are, so they don't change the value of K. However, temperature affects K because changes in temperature shift the reaction toward a certain side. Think of temp. as a reactant or product in the reac...
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 5:09 pm
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: Marshmallow Review #22
- Replies: 1
- Views: 151
Re: Marshmallow Review #22
Myoglobin can bind one O2. Since four myoglobins make up a hemoglobin molecule, hemoglobin can bind 4 O2 molecules.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 4:42 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: Names of Acids and Bases
- Replies: 3
- Views: 158
Names of Acids and Bases
Do we have to know the names of acids and bases and their corresponding formulas? For instance, bromous acid?
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 12:04 pm
- Forum: Properties & Structures of Inorganic & Organic Acids
- Topic: Final Study Methods
- Replies: 11
- Views: 657
Re: Final Study Methods
To echo the above statements, I know there are a lot of problems in the textbook that he assigns, but I'd just do all of them, or least all the different kinds of problems, as he does usually pull one question from the textbook and puts it in the test. I also think the UA workshops are very helpful,...
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 12:02 pm
- Forum: Properties & Structures of Inorganic & Organic Bases
- Topic: Difference between inorganic and organic
- Replies: 4
- Views: 766
Re: Difference between inorganic and organic
Organic molecules usually have carbon atoms involved in their makeup, while inorganic molecules don't.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 12:02 pm
- Forum: Conjugate Acids & Bases
- Topic: Ligands
- Replies: 12
- Views: 618
Re: Ligands
Ligands donate a whole electron pair to the central atom in a coordination compound. For instance, a lone pair in O2 contributes to the whole of a bond between O2 and Fe when it bends to Fe in a molecule like myoglobin.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 12:00 pm
- Forum: Polyprotic Acids & Bases
- Topic: Spectator ions
- Replies: 3
- Views: 938
Re: Spectator ions
Usually I'd look for the ions that stay in the same state of matter/that repeat on the reactant and products side of the reaction. For instance, if you have Na+(aq) on one side and Na+(aq) on the other, it is a spectator ion. However, if you have Na+(aq) and NaF(s) on the other, it would not be a sp...
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:58 am
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Difference
- Replies: 4
- Views: 365
Re: Difference
We will probably have to know types of acids generally and their corresponding strengths.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:57 am
- Forum: Amphoteric Compounds
- Topic: Identifying Amphoteric Compounds
- Replies: 5
- Views: 410
Re: Identifying Amphoteric Compounds
Yeah, Lavelle hasn't really gone over amphoteric compounds in lecture yet, so I think it would be best to just know that H2O is the standard amphoteric compound because it has the same concentration of H+ and OH- ions.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:56 am
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: Acid strength
- Replies: 2
- Views: 118
Re: Acid strength
Since the F atom in HF pulls the H so strongly, it's hard for the H to "escape" and break the bond between them two to result in their respective ions. In addition, the trend goes that HF < HCl < HBr < HI in terms of acid strength because the bond strengths (and lengths) are increasingly w...
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:53 am
- Forum: Acidity & Basicity Constants and The Conjugate Seesaw
- Topic: Changes with temp?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 253
Re: Changes with temp?
It is easier for molecules to dissociate as you increase the temperature, as this increases energy. So you can think of it with any molecule - if you increase energy, it is easier to break bonds.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:51 am
- Forum: Conjugate Acids & Bases
- Topic: Naming
- Replies: 4
- Views: 257
Re: Naming
To add onto the coordination compounds, if the compound as a whole is negatively charged, you want to add an -ate to the ending of the central atom instead.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:51 am
- Forum: Conjugate Acids & Bases
- Topic: Naming
- Replies: 4
- Views: 257
Re: Naming
To add onto the coordination compounds, if the compound as a whole is negatively charged, you want to add an -ate to the ending of the central atom instead.
- Mon Dec 02, 2019 11:50 am
- Forum: Properties & Structures of Inorganic & Organic Acids
- Topic: Weak acids & pH
- Replies: 4
- Views: 203
Re: Weak acids & pH
Solvents can vary in their pH, and therefore the concentration of overall H+ and OH- ions there are in a given solution. The presence of the H+ and OH- already in the solvent would affect how much of the solute can dissociate.
- Fri Nov 22, 2019 1:45 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Chelating Ligands
- Replies: 2
- Views: 194
Chelating Ligands
How do chelating ligands work exactly? What are more examples of chelating ligands and their uses?
- Fri Nov 22, 2019 1:39 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Cisplatin binding
- Replies: 1
- Views: 95
Cisplatin binding
Can someone explain how cisplatin binds to DNA again? I understand that it binds to an exposed N atom on guanine, but do the Cl atoms then get displaced for Pt to bind to nitrogen? Also, would the bonds be intramolecular or intermolecular? Thanks!
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 6:41 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: 2.57
- Replies: 2
- Views: 221
2.57
Does anyone have the answer for 2.57? It doesn't seem to be included in the solutions manual, and I just want to check to see if my answer is correct or not.
Thanks!
Thanks!
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 5:22 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Hybridization of H2
- Replies: 2
- Views: 2226
Hybridization of H2
Does H2, since its linear, have a sp hybridization even though it doesn't have "access," per say, to p orbitals in its ground state electrons? Would it not have hybridized orbitals in general?
- Tue Nov 19, 2019 10:35 am
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Molecular Shape and Structure
- Replies: 1
- Views: 217
Molecular Shape and Structure
Could someone explain the answer to the following problem?
For the following nitrogen oxide compounds:
a. Draw the most stable lewis structure.
b. Determine the shape.
c. Determine whether the compound is polar or nonpolar.
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
N2O
Thanks!
For the following nitrogen oxide compounds:
a. Draw the most stable lewis structure.
b. Determine the shape.
c. Determine whether the compound is polar or nonpolar.
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
N2O
Thanks!
- Sat Nov 16, 2019 12:54 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: How to study for VSEPR?
- Replies: 9
- Views: 688
Re: How to study for VSEPR?
I agree with all of the comments above. 2E has a lot of great practice, but if you want to do more, there should be a lot of other worksheets on Google. I think a good method to memorize the shapes and angles is to start with the VSEPR formula and overall shapes without taking into account lone pair...
- Sat Nov 16, 2019 12:50 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Distortion and Polarizability
- Replies: 2
- Views: 198
Re: Distortion and Polarizability
Polarizability doesn't relate to an electron, but rather the whole atom. The polarizability of an atom is essentially how easily its electron cloud can be distorted.
- Sat Nov 16, 2019 12:23 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Bond Angles
- Replies: 3
- Views: 219
Bond Angles
For tetrahedral molecules (or of any shape really) like CHCl3 or POCl3 that are polar but don't have any lone pairs, why are the bond angles all 109.5 degrees (according to the solutions manual)? Would not the more polar atoms attached to the central atom push the other atoms away slightly more?
- Sat Nov 16, 2019 12:22 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Shape of ClO2+
- Replies: 6
- Views: 443
Re: Shape of ClO2+
I think the more accurate shape of ClO2+ is bent, but if you were to describe it generally (without taking into account the lone pair on Cl), it would have a trigonal planar shape because there are 3 regions of electron density.
- Tue Nov 12, 2019 9:09 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: 3F19.c.
- Replies: 2
- Views: 143
3F19.c.
Why does the different structure of the 2 molecules, pentane and 2,2-dimethylpropane, make their boiling points different?
- Thu Nov 07, 2019 11:02 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Resonance Delocalization
- Replies: 5
- Views: 182
Re: Resonance Delocalization
In resonance structures, electrons are not just limited to the single/double bonds as seen in the different Lewis structures, but actually delocalized, or spread out, among all of these bonds. Therefore, no resonance structure is the actual Lewis structure of the molecule. Rather, the molecule is a ...
- Thu Nov 07, 2019 11:00 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: radicals
- Replies: 3
- Views: 284
Re: radicals
To second that, the more electronegative atom usually wants more electrons. If it is that the radical electron would give that element more electrons, that it would get the electron on the Lewis structure and vice versa. However, formal charge is also important, so I'd keep that in mind.
- Wed Nov 06, 2019 10:40 am
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
- Replies: 53
- Views: 5799
Re: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
For #10 on worksheet 3, why is wavelength not related to speed per De Broglie's equation?
Here is the question: 10. Which of the following statements regarding electromagnetic radiation is true?
Here is the question: 10. Which of the following statements regarding electromagnetic radiation is true?
- Tue Nov 05, 2019 10:44 pm
- Forum: Bohr Frequency Condition, H-Atom , Atomic Spectroscopy
- Topic: Rydberg Constant
- Replies: 1
- Views: 110
Rydberg Constant
For the Rydberg equation, does the negative sign cancel out?
- Tue Nov 05, 2019 10:42 pm
- Forum: Bohr Frequency Condition, H-Atom , Atomic Spectroscopy
- Topic: Dino nuggets 11b
- Replies: 3
- Views: 298
Re: Dino nuggets 11b
Emission means releasing energy, which means that delta E itself will be negative, as energy is lost.
The energy of a photon, however, can never be negative, so it is always the positive absolute value of delta E.
The energy of a photon, however, can never be negative, so it is always the positive absolute value of delta E.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:37 pm
- Forum: Formal Charge and Oxidation Numbers
- Topic: When would a compound not have FC=0?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 160
Re: When would a compound not have FC=0?
It would be when the compound itself is charged/a polyatomic ion.To add on to the previous answer, since SO32- has a 2- charge overall already, the formal charges (if correctly calculated) should also come out to -2.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:34 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: expanded valence shells
- Replies: 2
- Views: 136
Re: expanded valence shells
I think stability depends a lot on the formal charges of the atoms involved. Since atoms with expanded valence shells tend to have lesser formal charges (hence why they are expanded rather than not), I would say that they are definitely stable.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:33 pm
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Valence Electrons from Periodic Table
- Replies: 10
- Views: 657
Re: Valence Electrons from Periodic Table
I think it's helpful if you have time to write down the electron configuration. Then, you can just count all the subscripts in the highest n level and add them up. This helps prevent confusion with the d orbitals. For instance, for Zinc, the config would be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2. Since n =4 i...
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:30 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Partial charge
- Replies: 4
- Views: 116
Re: Partial charge
I believe that covalent bonds have partial charges because they only have semi-ionic characteristics, while ionic bonds have actual full charges (i.e. Na+ and Cl- (the plus and minus charges)) and their own semi-covalent characteristics.
Correct me if I'm wrong though!
Correct me if I'm wrong though!
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 11:45 am
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Valence electrons
- Replies: 5
- Views: 220
Re: Valence electrons
However, since phosphorus has a technically empty 3d orbital, it can bond to other elements in a way so that it can have up to 10 valence electrons, as with PCl5.
Hope that clarifies things!
Hope that clarifies things!
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 4:14 pm
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Single or Double Bonds
- Replies: 4
- Views: 144
Re: Single or Double Bonds
For elements who cannot have expanded octets, you want to draw bonds in a way so all elements (except H and He) have octets. For instance, CO2 would need double bonds, while CF4 only needs single bonds. For elements who can have expanded octets, you want to calculate the formal charges of all the at...
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 4:12 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Midterm 2
- Replies: 4
- Views: 161
Re: Midterm 2
I think there's only one midterm (on Nov. 6), and that one will be cumulative all the way from Test 1.
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 4:12 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Expanded Valence Shells
- Replies: 4
- Views: 167
Re: Expanded Valence Shells
P, S, and Cl are definitely not the only elements that can have expanded octets. They are just when the expanded octet for elements begins - elements with associated d orbitals should all be able to have expanded octets.
- Wed Oct 23, 2019 11:38 am
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Lewis Structure angles
- Replies: 3
- Views: 249
Lewis Structure angles
When drawing Lewis structures, does the angle at which we draw them have to be accurate? For example, with NO3-, making the oxygens perpendicular to N versus at a slanted angle?
- Mon Oct 21, 2019 5:46 pm
- Forum: Photoelectric Effect
- Topic: Module Assessment Question
- Replies: 2
- Views: 119
Module Assessment Question
The question is "Photoelectric experiments gave rise to a new equation relating the energy of light to its frequency. Select the right equation."
Is the answer E = hv instead of the one with work function and kinetic energy, and why?
Is the answer E = hv instead of the one with work function and kinetic energy, and why?
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 3:39 pm
- Forum: DeBroglie Equation
- Topic: Rydberg and De Brogile
- Replies: 3
- Views: 193
Re: Rydberg and De Brogile
I think it depends on what values you are given and what the question is asking for. The Rydberg equation is usually used when you're trying to find which energy levels an electron is jumping to/from, or when you're trying to find the wavelength of emission when given the energy levels the electron ...
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 3:35 pm
- Forum: *Particle in a Box
- Topic: 1B. Quantum Theory and model of an atom
- Replies: 2
- Views: 390
Re: 1B. Quantum Theory and model of an atom
You could also draw in possible paths the electron could take/be to show that you are uncertain of where exactly the electron is.
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 3:34 pm
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: Equations for Test
- Replies: 9
- Views: 328
Equations for Test
What equations relevant to the quantum unit will be given on a test? Will we have to memorize the Schroedinger Equation, etc.?
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 3:31 pm
- Forum: *Shrodinger Equation
- Topic: Quantum Number
- Replies: 2
- Views: 184
Re: Quantum Number
If an atom has an electron configuration such that some electrons are paired in an orbital, and you are trying to find an electron in a paired orbital, the fourth quantum number would help distinguish between the one with an up spin and the one with a down spin. Therefore, yes, the fourth quantum nu...