H2O is water and H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide. What is H2O4?
Drinking.
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- Wed Mar 11, 2020 10:57 pm
- Forum: Student Social/Study Group
- Topic: Post All Chemistry Jokes Here
- Replies: 9651
- Views: 2988180
- Wed Mar 11, 2020 10:47 pm
- Forum: Interesting Applications: Rechargeable Batteries (Cell Phones, Notebooks, Cars), Fuel Cells (Space Shuttle), Photovoltaic Cells (Solar Panels), Electrolysis, Rust
- Topic: Electrolysis
- Replies: 2
- Views: 304
Electrolysis
Does anyone know of a real-life example of electrolysis? Where does electrolysis take place in daily life?
- Wed Mar 11, 2020 10:46 pm
- Forum: Second Order Reactions
- Topic: Stoichiometric coefficients
- Replies: 2
- Views: 346
Stoichiometric coefficients
Can someone show me how stoichiometric coefficients affect the integrated rate law and half-life? I know that the general integrated rate laws are assuming the coefficients are 1, but if there are coefficients, would the law change?
- Wed Mar 11, 2020 10:41 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Format?
- Replies: 11
- Views: 798
Re: Format?
Lavelle said this in his email: The three-hour closed-book exam that was scheduled for Sunday is also cancelled. In its place will be a short, straightforward, open-book, take-home final posted on my class website. Again, I will email you the link when the take home final is posted on my class websi...
- Sat Mar 07, 2020 1:49 am
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: HW 6L.9
- Replies: 4
- Views: 276
Re: HW 6L.9
Whichever one has the more positive E naught is the reaction that will have a component that will be reduced.
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 12:34 am
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: Cell Potential of H2 Redox Rxn
- Replies: 3
- Views: 310
Re: Cell Potential of H2 Redox Rxn
It's in the chart, maybe you just missed it. It's H2 --> 2H+ + 2e-
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:32 pm
- Forum: Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
- Topic: Rate Constant, k
- Replies: 4
- Views: 355
Rate Constant, k
Does the rate constant have units to tell us the units of the half-life? Or does the half-life have generic units?
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:25 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Both Oxidizing and Reducing Agent
- Replies: 4
- Views: 380
Re: Both Oxidizing and Reducing Agent
I'm not sure if this is your question, but if the product and reactant are the same, then the anode will be the one with the lower concentration and the cathode will be the higher concentration.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:22 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Adding Pt?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 178
Re: Adding Pt?
Pt is only needed when there isn't a solid metal to act as an electrode; so yes, if both are aqueous, then you will need Pt to act as the electrode.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:21 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: 6N.17
- Replies: 2
- Views: 229
Re: 6N.17
I think Q should be .005/0.15 from the given you wrote out. Maybe that was the error?
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:16 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: Units for n
- Replies: 5
- Views: 376
Re: Units for n
n is in moles of electrons, which is canceled out by the units of the Faraday constant
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:46 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Negative standard reduction potential
- Replies: 3
- Views: 250
Re: Negative standard reduction potential
It means that the E is not spontaneous, and the cell will not have an electron flow.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:44 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Cell Diagrams and Metal Solids
- Replies: 2
- Views: 172
Re: Cell Diagrams and Metal Solids
I don't think platinum is necessary for alkaline metals.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:34 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: cell diagrams
- Replies: 2
- Views: 210
Re: cell diagrams
Yes, always leave out the coefficients. I believe you add platinum when there is no solid metal to act as an electrode to move electrons from anode to cathode.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:18 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Electrode
- Replies: 2
- Views: 207
Re: Electrode
The solid metal forms when electrons are added to the solution in which the cathode is in. In your example, the cathode would be in aqueous gold, and would gain electrons, forming solid which is attracted to the cathode.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:14 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Salt bridge
- Replies: 1
- Views: 154
Re: Salt bridge
Salt bridges serve to move anions from the cathode to the anode in order to keep both solutions neutral while the galvanic cell is working.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:13 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: pH electrodes
- Replies: 1
- Views: 175
Re: pH electrodes
The way the solutions manual does it is so that you are solving for -log[H+], which is equal to pH. I think a simpler (or more understandable) way of getting to pH would be this: Given: 0.06V= -(0.0129 V) ln[H+] 2 Using log rules, you can bring the exponent down into the coefficient: 0.06V= -(0.0129...
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:04 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Galvanic cells
- Replies: 6
- Views: 464
Re: Galvanic cells
Yes, I believe galvanic cells are always spontaneous, meaning E must be positive. Lavelle compared them to batteries, and batteries are always +E.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:03 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: 6N.3 a)
- Replies: 1
- Views: 218
Re: 6N.3 a)
Cl- acts as an anion in the cell, which does not affect the electron transfer; it is only used to make sure the solutions stay neutral while the electron transfer occurs, at least from my understanding. Once Cl- and H2 concentrations are equal in both the anode and cathode, the E = 0.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:50 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: test 2 worksheet
- Replies: 3
- Views: 344
Re: test 2 worksheet
There won't be any worksheets like there was for the midterm, however you can try to do the homework questions that are on the outlines for practice on the test, since in general most of the problems on the test reflect the homework!
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:48 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: 6.45
- Replies: 1
- Views: 183
Re: 6.45
I think that since it is possible that Fe can be a stronger reducing metal compared to Co, we assume that it is higher on Volta's list. but the wording on this question is definitely whack. lol
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:44 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Relationship between work and cell potential
- Replies: 1
- Views: 100
Re: Relationship between work and cell potential
E = -work/Charge
Where charge = (moles e- transferred)*(Faraday's constant
OR
Workmax = -nFE
Where charge = (moles e- transferred)*(Faraday's constant
OR
Workmax = -nFE
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:39 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Oxidation number of 03
- Replies: 2
- Views: 153
Re: Oxidation number of 03
All free elements (like ozone, along with O2, H2, N2, etc.) have oxidation numbers of 0.
Basically, there are no electrons moving from the reaction of O3 <--> O2. That's why we say the oxidation number is 0.
Basically, there are no electrons moving from the reaction of O3 <--> O2. That's why we say the oxidation number is 0.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:27 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Final Review Sessions
- Replies: 6
- Views: 343
Re: Final Review Sessions
Lavelle usually announces those at the end of week 9 or beginning of week 10.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:26 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Balancing half reactions in acidic conditions
- Replies: 8
- Views: 507
Re: Balancing half reactions in acidic conditions
I believe you use H+ only, since H2O is used to balance oxygen.
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 7:25 pm
- Forum: Interesting Applications: Rechargeable Batteries (Cell Phones, Notebooks, Cars), Fuel Cells (Space Shuttle), Photovoltaic Cells (Solar Panels), Electrolysis, Rust
- Topic: Nerve Cell
- Replies: 1
- Views: 123
Re: Nerve Cell
Since the concentration of K+ is higher outside, that means it is the anode (since in concentration cells, anodes are the ones with higher concentration).
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:23 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Textbook question 6L.7
- Replies: 1
- Views: 154
Re: Textbook question 6L.7
Since there is no solid metal in the reaction, KOH is needed to drive the reaction. I think you could compare it to why we add Pt into the equation even though it might not be in the half-reaction (in this case KOH is more reasonable since there is hydroxide in the reaction? I'm not completely sure ...
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:17 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: 6L.7
- Replies: 3
- Views: 234
Re: 6L.7
Maybe the half-reactions in this post will help clear it up: viewtopic.php?f=139&t=60493
Hope this helps!
Hope this helps!
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:15 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: 6M.7
- Replies: 2
- Views: 191
Re: 6M.7
On the test, I believe we will be given a gradient table on it, or at least the E° values so that we can compare.
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:12 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: 6L.5 part d
- Replies: 2
- Views: 194
Re: 6L.5 part d
Once Au (s) is oxidized, it becomes aqueous in solution as it loses electrons. Think of it as Au being the electrode, which starts to erode as oxidation occurs.
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:10 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Cell Diagrams
- Replies: 3
- Views: 231
Re: Cell Diagrams
I don't believe we include H2O in the cell diagram at all since I haven't seen it done for most cell diagrams. From my understanding, it's because H2O is considered a solvent in most diagrams.
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:07 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: 6M.1
- Replies: 1
- Views: 132
Re: 6M.1
If it's true that the solutions manual treats Cu as the anode, then we would check by adding the standard cell potentials to see which configuration (flipping the E in order depending on which you determine as oxidizing and reducing) gives us a positive Ecell value (assuming we are talking about gal...
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:04 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: What's going on at this anode?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 226
Re: What's going on at this anode?
See this post. Hopefully it helps! viewtopic.php?f=139&t=60493
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 2:00 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: 6L.3 part d
- Replies: 1
- Views: 176
Re: 6L.3 part d
The half-reaction for the anode would be O 2 (g) + 4H + (aq) + 4e - --> 2H 2 O (l) For the cathode: O 2 (g) + 2H 2 O (l) + 4e - --> 4OH - (aq) Since the anode is oxidized, we flip the half-reaction: 2H 2 O (l) --> O 2 (g) + 4H + (aq...
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 1:51 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: 6L3d
- Replies: 1
- Views: 129
Re: 6L3d
Given the cell diagram, you can usually assume that the left side is the anode and the right side is the cathode. If there is a table, find an equation that includes both of items in the anode/both of the items of the cathode to use as a basis for your half-reactions (the items in this cell diagram ...
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 1:33 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Redox reactions with single reactant
- Replies: 2
- Views: 168
Re: Redox reactions with single reactant
It's most likely a concentration cell, which we went over in class. The lower concentration is the reducing agent (is oxidized) and the higher concentration is the oxidizing agent (is reduced).
- Fri Feb 28, 2020 1:31 am
- Forum: Entropy Changes Due to Changes in Volume and Temperature
- Topic: Test 2
- Replies: 2
- Views: 299
Re: Test 2
Should be true, but also reference the second page of the thermochem outline and the whole electrochem outline for a full look at what'll be on the test
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:01 pm
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: pressure
- Replies: 10
- Views: 360
Re: pressure
total pressure = sum of partial pressures
for example, in a system with h2 and o2, where the partial pressure of h2 is 1.2 atm and o2 is 3.2 atm, the total pressure would be 1.2 + 3.2 = 4.4 atm
for example, in a system with h2 and o2, where the partial pressure of h2 is 1.2 atm and o2 is 3.2 atm, the total pressure would be 1.2 + 3.2 = 4.4 atm
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:00 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: ice box
- Replies: 4
- Views: 97
Re: ice box
If the reactant is a solid.
- Sun Jan 19, 2020 1:46 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 6B.9
- Replies: 3
- Views: 96
Re: 6B.9
I believe that it's a typo either with the manual or the textbook, I got a negative answer as well
- Sun Jan 19, 2020 1:42 am
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: lewis structure
- Replies: 11
- Views: 405
Re: lewis structure
I think Lavelle said in class that he draws Lewis structures only for us to better understand what is going on, although I don't know if this means that we will ahve to in the future or not.
- Sun Jan 19, 2020 1:40 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: le chatelier's principle
- Replies: 3
- Views: 121
Re: le chatelier's principle
In simple terms, Le Chatelier's principle is the idea that equations that go to equilibrium, when altered by external factors, will always go back to equilibrium. For example, if I added more product to an equilibrium equation, then the reaction would produce more reactant in order to balance out. T...
- Sun Jan 19, 2020 1:38 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 6D.5
- Replies: 2
- Views: 109
Re: 6D.5
For part (a), here's how I went through it: 1. Create an ICE box for the equation. Since NH 3 is a weak base, there must be an ICE box to solve for pH and pOH. NH 3 (aq) + H 2 O (l) ⇌ NH 4 (aq) + OH - (aq) I: 0.057 M, 0, 0 C: -x, +x, +x E: 0.057-x, x, x 2. From the t...
- Mon Jan 13, 2020 11:35 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 6A.19
- Replies: 6
- Views: 179
6A.19
Calculate the molar concentration of OH − in solutions with the following molar concentrations of H 3 O + : c) 3.1 M In the solutions manual, it says you divide 10 -14 by 3.1 x 10 -3 to get 3.2 x 10 -12 . Is this an error with the solutions manual/textbook (because the molarity of H 3 O + does not m...
- Mon Jan 13, 2020 11:21 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5J.5
- Replies: 4
- Views: 140
5J.5
State whether reactants or products will be favored by an increase in the total pressure (resulting from compression) on each of the following equilibria. If there is no change, explain why that is so. d) 2 HD (g) + H 2(g) ⇌ D 2(g) Why is the answer no change? Is it because t...
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 9:36 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Equilibrium Constant
- Replies: 8
- Views: 375
Re: Equilibrium Constant
Kc is used when one or more of the products and reactants are in the aqueous phase.
Kp is used when one or more of the products and reactants are in the gaseous phase.
Kp is used when one or more of the products and reactants are in the gaseous phase.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 9:35 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: 5I.9
- Replies: 3
- Views: 194
Re: 5I.9
In this specific problem, I would assume that the K is Kp since the partial pressures are measured. I think that for the tables, the K would have to be inferred as Kp, although Lavelle said in class that K is often used as another way to infer Kc and Kp.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 9:32 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5I.23
- Replies: 1
- Views: 109
Re: 5I.23
In class today, Lavelle went over how to find the concentration if you know the partial pressure, and vice-versa using the ideal gas law (P = concentration * RT). Since it asks for the Kc in this question, you would have to find Kc instead of Kp.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 9:29 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5G.11
- Replies: 2
- Views: 102
Re: 5G.11
Hg is not included because it is a liquid; liquids and solids are never included in K expressions.
When the items in the reaction are gases, use partial pressure. When they are aqueous solutions, use concentration.
When the items in the reaction are gases, use partial pressure. When they are aqueous solutions, use concentration.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 9:25 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Writing K expression with or without aq?
- Replies: 5
- Views: 288
Re: Writing K expression with or without aq?
Aqueous solutions do contribute to the K expression since those solutions can change in concentration (measurably) over time.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:41 pm
- Forum: Calculating the pH of Salt Solutions
- Topic: Titrations
- Replies: 6
- Views: 416
Re: Titrations
I think the extent of what you need to know about titrations for the final is that it is used to find the pH of a solution, and this is found at the solution's equilibrium point (H+ = OH-)
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:39 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Heme complex and myoglobin/hemoglobin
- Replies: 3
- Views: 262
Heme complex and myoglobin/hemoglobin
Can someone please explain how myoglobin/hemoglobin are related to the heme complex, and what we should know about it for the exam?
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:37 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: MARSHMALLOW- FINAL REVIEW SESSION [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 115
- Views: 12203
Re: MARSHMALLOW- FINAL REVIEW SESSION [ENDORSED]
SarahSteffen_LEC4 wrote:On question number 21 of the Marshmallow review. Why does iron have a +2 charge if two of the nitrogens on the porphyrin ligand have a +1 charge?
The two nitrogens actually have a -1 charge, not +1.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:34 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: carbonato
- Replies: 1
- Views: 177
Re: carbonato
Carbonate is mono- or bidentate because there could be only one area where it will bond or two, depending on the atoms it is reacting with.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:33 pm
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: memorizing examples
- Replies: 3
- Views: 122
Re: memorizing examples
You should memorize cisplatin, the heme complex, myoglobin, and hemoglobin, as well as the properties of AT and GC pairs in DNA.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:32 pm
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: chemotherapy drugs
- Replies: 13
- Views: 556
Re: chemotherapy drugs
If you're talking about cisplatin, [Pt(NH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 ], the reason why it's effective is because the two Cl's are able to be replaced with the nitrogens on a guanine strand, halting DNA replication. If this was transplatin (where the Cl's would be on opposite sides) it would not be as effective beca...
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:29 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Lone pairs location
- Replies: 3
- Views: 351
Re: Lone pairs location
Just remember that in any geometry, lone pairs are placed as far as possible from other atoms and try to interact with other atoms as little as possible. Put the lone pair wherever it is next to the least amount of atoms.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:27 pm
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: Strong Acids and Bases
- Replies: 8
- Views: 519
Re: Strong Acids and Bases
HCl, HClO3, HClO4, HI, HBr, HNO3, HSO4 are strong acids
anything with OH- in it is a strong base.
anything with OH- in it is a strong base.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:25 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: 6C.17
- Replies: 2
- Views: 205
Re: 6C.17
I believe its because we should know that strong acids completely dissolve in water, while weak acids don't.
BrO3- is the conjugate base of a weak acid, so it is a strong base.
Morphine in relativity is a weak base because of the lone pair on Nitrogen, which has weak basic character.
BrO3- is the conjugate base of a weak acid, so it is a strong base.
Morphine in relativity is a weak base because of the lone pair on Nitrogen, which has weak basic character.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:19 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: MARSHMALLOW- FINAL REVIEW SESSION [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 115
- Views: 12203
Re: MARSHMALLOW- FINAL REVIEW SESSION [ENDORSED]
MMckinney_4H wrote:For number 34, why are two moles of OH produced for every mole of CaO?
CaO completely disassociates in water so:
CaO = Ca+ + O2-
If this were to further react in water, Ca+ would stay disassociated, however
O2- + H2O = 2OH-
after the equation is balanced.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:11 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: 17.35 Chelating Compounds
- Replies: 7
- Views: 1206
Re: 17.35 Chelating Compounds
Kyla Grunden 1L wrote:How do you determine at what point the nitrogens are too far away to bond to the same metal atom?
I believe Lavelle responded to a question about coordination compounds, and in his answer he says that there can be two spacer compounds in between a bonding area.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:07 pm
- Forum: Amphoteric Compounds
- Topic: As2O and Bi2O3
- Replies: 4
- Views: 312
Re: As2O and Bi2O3
As and Bi are both grouped with the amphoteric oxides that are grouped along the metalloid line. The reason why is because when these are reacted with either an acid or a base, it is treated as the opposite; meaning, if it was reacted with an acid, it would act as a base, and vice-versa.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:03 pm
- Forum: Polyprotic Acids & Bases
- Topic: ligands
- Replies: 4
- Views: 429
Re: ligands
Ligands are considered Lewis bases because they contribute e- to the coordination complex.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:02 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: reduction of acid rain
- Replies: 1
- Views: 153
Re: reduction of acid rain
Acid rain is largely due to CO2 emissions, so yes, decreasing these emissions would be the only way.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:01 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Chelating compounds and structure
- Replies: 1
- Views: 82
Re: Chelating compounds and structure
I don't believe there is a limitation to what shape chelating structures can be. As long as it is a chelating polydentate ligand, then there shouldn't be an issue.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 8:59 pm
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Memorization
- Replies: 4
- Views: 346
Re: Memorization
For the most part, as long as you know the original name of the compound, the ligand is usually named by replacing the suffix with -ato or -o. ex. carbonate becomes carbonato, oxalate becomes oxalato, hydroxide becomes hydroxo. There are only a few special ones, ex. en, edta, and isothiocyanto that ...
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 7:13 pm
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Naming Cont
- Replies: 3
- Views: 225
Re: Naming Cont
Ligands in alphabetical order first, then the metal cation last with oxidation state following.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 7:10 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: free radicals
- Replies: 1
- Views: 240
Re: free radicals
Yes, I believe you treat them like a lone pair.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 12:01 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: lone pairs
- Replies: 2
- Views: 110
Re: lone pairs
Lone pairs are never included in molecular shape
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:59 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Good resources for learning about coordination compounds?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 201
Re: Good resources for learning about coordination compounds?
The sapling lessons helped me a lot with understanding coordination compounds.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:54 am
- Forum: Acidity & Basicity Constants and The Conjugate Seesaw
- Topic: How to tell the strength of a base
- Replies: 2
- Views: 105
Re: How to tell the strength of a base
I believe the same topics work but in reverse, i.e. the more electronegative, the weaker the base, since bases are e- donors.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:52 am
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: unhybridized orbitals
- Replies: 4
- Views: 141
Re: unhybridized orbitals
No, generally all sigma bonds are in hybridized orbitals.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:51 am
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: Cisplatin bonding in 2 places
- Replies: 3
- Views: 244
Re: Cisplatin bonding in 2 places
I believe so, and I believe this means cisplatin in is bidentate.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:49 am
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Melting and Boiling Points
- Replies: 9
- Views: 655
Re: Melting and Boiling Points
Technically, yes. But the amount of forces a molecule has also plays a role, i.e. if a molecule experiences both h-bonding and dipole-dipole vs. h-bonding and LDF.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:48 am
- Forum: Air Pollution & Acid Rain
- Topic: Acid Rain
- Replies: 6
- Views: 652
Re: Acid Rain
Lavelle uses acid rain as an example of how CO2 reaction in the environment with water. CO2 reacts in the atmosphere to make acid rain, and with global warming/greenhouse effect, CO2 emissions are more and more prevalent in biology.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:45 am
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: hybridization
- Replies: 3
- Views: 218
Re: hybridization
Madeline Phan 4H wrote:Also, why are there p orbitals that are filled along with the hybridized orbitals?
filled p-orbitals generally represent the ability for pi bonds to form.
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:45 am
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: Heme Structures [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 1
- Views: 132
Heme Structures [ENDORSED]
Can someone define what heme structures are, and why they’re important in biology? Will we have to know this for the final?
- Fri Dec 06, 2019 11:39 am
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Studying for the Final [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 11
- Views: 707
Re: Studying for the Final [ENDORSED]
I think doing the Marshmallow packet will help, as well as going over your midterm. If you have any previous notes from Chemistry classes from high school, maybe those will help as well.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:56 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Lewis acid-base reactions
- Replies: 1
- Views: 102
Re: Lewis acid-base reactions
No. The basic writing sequence is the same. Just remember that the Lewis acid-base reactions always have the same type of products.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:55 pm
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: Definition
- Replies: 3
- Views: 84
Re: Definition
In simple terms, the Bronsted acids and bases can be identified as such:
Acids give away H+ while bases accept H+.
Acids give away H+ while bases accept H+.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:54 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Test 2
- Replies: 6
- Views: 470
Re: Test 2
I already have my grade in myUCLA, maybe if you check that
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:52 pm
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: cisplatin
- Replies: 3
- Views: 204
Re: cisplatin
Cisplatin is used in chemotherapy to treat several cancers, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer. Cisplatin damages DNA strands and inhibits the synthesis of DNA in order to halt growth of cancer cells.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:48 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: acid vs base
- Replies: 2
- Views: 157
Re: acid vs base
In terms of Lewis acids and bases, determining which is acid and which is base is dependent on the chemical equation. More often than not, the lewis structure with hydrogen in it is the acid, and the other is the base. However, if there is no hydrogen in either, then the one receiving electrons is a...
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:45 pm
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: 6A. 17
- Replies: 1
- Views: 132
Re: 6A. 17
To know whether these are basic, acidic, or amphoteric, remember that greater electronegativity means greater acidic character. For amphoteric compounds, remember that the elements around the division between metals and non-metals have amphoteric character. I've attached a photo to show this. https:...
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 11:27 pm
- Forum: Calculating pH or pOH for Strong & Weak Acids & Bases
- Topic: 6B.3
- Replies: 2
- Views: 425
Re: 6B.3
In this question, we are asked for two things: 1) the desired pH 2) the actual pH For 1) pH is the concentration of hydrogen atoms in solution. Because the equation for HCL is the following: HCl --> H + + Cl - We can assume that since the concentration of HCl 0.025M, the concentration of H + is also...
- Fri Nov 15, 2019 6:30 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Angular/Bent Angles
- Replies: 3
- Views: 285
Re: Angular/Bent Angles
Yes, it is true that linear structures have 180-degree bond angles, however, AX2E and AX2E2 have bent/angular molecular shapes. This shape is a result of the repulsion caused by the existence of the lone pair on the central atom. The repulsion is strong enough to make the attached atoms push away fr...
- Fri Nov 15, 2019 6:25 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: 2E.21 c
- Replies: 2
- Views: 204
Re: 2E.21 c
I believe the better lewis structure is the one that represents the S-O bonding as a double bond. This has a more realistic formal charge compared to the other structure.
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:16 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: VSEPR usage
- Replies: 5
- Views: 313
VSEPR usage
Does the shape/arrangement of molecules affect its interactions with surrounding/other molecules? for example, does it affect bonding or bond strength, for that matter?
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:11 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Bond Angles
- Replies: 2
- Views: 100
Re: Bond Angles
For trigonal planar shapes, all bond angles are 120 degrees.
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:10 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: 2E #5
- Replies: 4
- Views: 227
Re: 2E #5
The shape according to the VSEPR theorem is actually an angular (bent) shape, as it says in the solution manual, which is what gives the bond angle of a little less than 120 degrees. This is because in molecular shape, lone pairs do not appear in the final shape. However, in a Lewis structure, you w...
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:43 pm
- Forum: Einstein Equation
- Topic: When do we use the Einstein Equation?
- Replies: 14
- Views: 748
Re: When do we use the Einstein Equation?
How often would you have to rearrange this equation to find other quantities? Should this be practiced? The rearrangment of this equation would be most likely to find the energy required to remove an electron, or finding the wavelength of a photon/electron. It should be practiced as I believe findi...
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:42 pm
- Forum: Einstein Equation
- Topic: When do we use the Einstein Equation?
- Replies: 14
- Views: 748
Re: When do we use the Einstein Equation?
E = hv is used in general to find the energy of a photon, although it can also be interpreted to find the energy required to remove an electron. On the topic of quantum, E = hv is most likely going to be a major equation.
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:39 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: Atomic Orbitals
- Replies: 3
- Views: 115
Re: Atomic Orbitals
By knowing the orbital, it'll be easier to determine the number of valence electrons in an element, which are needed for bonding with other elements.
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:38 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: Wave Function and Uncertainty
- Replies: 3
- Views: 102
Re: Wave Function and Uncertainty
From my understanding, the Uncertainty principle basically explains that we cannot know the exact location or speed of an electron in an electron cloud. The wave function, however, helps to define the energy level (in the case of gen chem), like you said in the post. I don't believe the uncertainty ...
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:34 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: Advice for studying
- Replies: 92
- Views: 6485
Re: Advice for studying
For me, studying is most effective when I'm in a quiet area (like The Study at Hedrick, lol) and I usually skim through the textbook lessons as well as the notes I take in class. I also look over some notes from my high school AP Chem notebook if any of the topics we learned are something I went ove...
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:33 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: Difference between the electron shell and orbitals
- Replies: 4
- Views: 532
Re: Difference between the electron shell and orbitals
Electron shells are defined by the energy level, n=1, n=2, n=3. Orbitals are the combination of details between the energy level and the "subshell" or the "shape" of the electron cloud. For example, an orbital is energy level + subshell, so 4d, 3s, 1s, 2s, etc. are all orbitals. ...
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:29 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: Filling the 4s and 3d blocks
- Replies: 3
- Views: 112
Re: Filling the 4s and 3d blocks
I asked him about this after class. From what I understand, until the 4s block is filled, the 3d block has a greater energy level. Once the 4d block is filled however, the 3d block then has lesser energy and you would fill in the 3d block as if it were normal. The reason behind this is the extremely...
- Sun Oct 20, 2019 11:26 pm
- Forum: Heisenberg Indeterminacy (Uncertainty) Equation
- Topic: Heisenberg
- Replies: 5
- Views: 225
Re: Heisenberg
Schrodinger's equation is basically meant to prove that there is no way to prove definitely where an electron is and how fast an electron is moving. In addition, the more you may know about one, leads to knowing less about the other detail. For example, if you do happen to know the speed of an elect...
- Mon Sep 30, 2019 11:32 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Advice from a Medical Student - Part II [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 298
- Views: 244805
Re: Advice from a Medical Student - Part II [ENDORSED]
Thank you so much for your advice! As an aspiring medical student, this gives me more inspiration to pursue my future as a doctor and look forward to my future education.
- Mon Sep 30, 2019 11:29 pm
- Forum: Limiting Reactant Calculations
- Topic: Methods of identifying Limiting Reactants
- Replies: 5
- Views: 783
Re: Methods of identifying Limiting Reactants
For the most part, the calculations are necessary in order to find the limiting reactant. However, it might be easier if you think of it this way: First, convert the grams to moles. This is necessary. Then, divide it by the coefficient in front of the corresponding element in the equation then multi...