CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Thank you Dr. Lavelle

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

It's based off of whether it's acidic or basic. The problem will tell you.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

you are correct!

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What exactly are reaction mechanisms?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

How do we know which order the reaction is?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

As the title mentions, what will the final's format be?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What will the format of the final be?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

HOw does kinetics affect ATP production?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

what methods are used to determine n and k?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I think its still a good idea to know how to derive them conceptually tho.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

IT's the activation energy, so I dont think it necessarily is the "slow step"

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Will there be problems where we have to consider both and compare them?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

There will be none.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

It depends on how soluble it is.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

It depends on what the problem is asking for.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Just do what the other people said and you will get it :).

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

anode is oxidation and cathode is reduction.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

how exactly do we draw a cell diagram?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

As mentioned before, the reaction changes in accordance to the ratio of products and reactants.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What's the difference between finding deltaG here vs other problems like in thermodynamics?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

how exactly do we balance the reactions? Is it the same as balancing regular reactions?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

A half reaction is just one part of the redox reaction, it could be the reduction OR the oxidation of the species

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

How do phase changes relate to entropy?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What are the different ways I can find out Gibb's free energy? I know theres G = H -ST, but what else is there?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I think entropy in general has the same unit: J/K

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Yes use the initial.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What does this equation do for us?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

We can just use the equation thats the result of the integration.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Look at the other units and use the one that matches.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Look at the other units and use the one that matches.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

It will be said if it is reversible.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

It will be given.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Use Kelvin

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

-G means that work is being done by itself, so it is spontaneous, and +G means that work is needed, so it is not spontaneous

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

In a closed system, pressure can be applied.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Open systems, the gas can move out of the space. Closed systems, something is pushing against the gas so it is somewhat contained. Meanwhile, in an isolated system, energy cannot go in or get out of the system.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

It can change because something might be pushing against it but the pressure of the gas could push back.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

The question should give it to you.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What is this and what can you do with this?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

we do not need to know that

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Gibbs free energy = Enthalpy - Temperature * Entropy.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Temp remains constant because the energy is being used for the object to turn into the next phase.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Steam creates more severe burns because of the energy it has :).

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

We dont need to draw them, but its easier to understand with them.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

as said before, Kb = weak base, Ka = weak acid. Ka * Kb = Kw

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

K is simply a ratio between molarities, so that's why it has no units.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

basically, when a gas is ideal, use PV = NRT, but in reality, things are slightly different due to the many different factors that are present.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

You have the initial, which is I, then the change in molarity, which is C, then the final equilibrium, which is E

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

As title implies, what is Le Chatelier's principle, and how do we apply it?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

If Q < K, then there are not enough product, so reaction goes forward.
If Q>K, then there are not enough reactants, to reaction goes backward.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

As title implies, when do we use each one? Do we use (aq) in Kp? Do we use (g) in Kc?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I think only the final answer is rounded.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Usually, he'll give us something we can use to do that so I would not worry about it.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Intensity is not related to frequency.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

you can also look at the conjugate to see if it's stable.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

AMphiprotic means it can accept or give protons, while amphoteric means it can be acid or base. ALl amphiprotic molecules are also amphoteric.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

005321227 wrote:are these memorized or should we be able to explain these?

They should be memorized.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Water is amphoteric / amphiprotic so it can be both :)

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Formal charges are better at determining the lewis structure than octet rule I think, especially because at a certain point the octet rule is commonly broken.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

As the title implies, how many of these do we have to know? What is essential?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What exactly do we have to know regarding ligands, coordination numbers, etc?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Acids are the ones who give the proton, aka H+, while bases are the ones who receive it.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Nitrate is NO3-, that's it. Its a polyatomic anion i think we're supposed to memorize.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

How exactly should we visualize sigma and pi bonds in a molecule?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

According to Lavelle, it doesn't really matter IIRC.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What are some examples of biological coordination compounds?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What are the important definitions of words in this topic? Such as ligand, coordination number, coordination compound, etc?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What kind of problems will Lavelle probably give us for this type of topic?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Like the above reply, the bonded electrons stay together. At the same time, they're delocalized.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I think so, but they DO repel.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Its also important to keep in mind whether there is cis (atoms on one side of the molecule) or trans (atoms on opposite sides of the molecule) because those could affect the polarity of the molecule.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

How do these affect VSEPR?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Lone pairs affect molecular geometry because they cause repelling forces against the other atoms in the molecule

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

If a molecule is not symmetrical, it is probably going to have a dipole moment.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

What exactly is Interaction potential energy?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

electronegativity is usually a combination of ionization energy and electron affinity. That's why they usually have the same periodic trends.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

When cations are smaller, that means the Effective nuclear charge is high, meaning it has a larger polarizing power.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Covalent bonds are the strongest. Ionic bonds such as NaCl can get dissociated.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Well atoms are the ones that are polarizable, not electrons when we're talking about electron distortion. Basically, if an atom is more polarizable, it will be more likely to have its electron cloud be distorted because it has a weaker hold over the electrons!

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

For the review session I went to, the UA went over some concepts and also provided a worksheet and answers.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Basically the orbitals just represent that if you are within the orbitals, there is a possibility that you'll find the electron there.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Yes multiply 3 by 2 because the full range of the numbers is 6. Also remember to turn delta(p) into mass * delta(v)

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I'm still confused as to what the relationship between the deBroglie wavelength and the mass is? If an atom has a longer wavelength does that mean it has a lighter mass or? Generally, yes. Atoms with lighter mass tend to have a longer wavelength but be mindful of the velocity thats also involved in...

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I think both are fine. Just do what the question is asking, and pay attention to the different units when doing dimensional analysis. For example, remember to convert to kg if you're going to use a formula involving Joules, because Joules is kg * m^2 * s^-2

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Since we don't know where electrons are exactly due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, when electrons are "delocalized" they are spread out across the entire molecule.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

I don't think that's something we'll have to do, because the bond lengths he talked about in class were experimentally observed.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Hey can someone tell me the differences between these? They get used often but I get confused on which is which sometimes.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Like others said, the purpose is to show another possible combination of bonds. However, the true bond is somewhere in between due to electrons' wavelike properties.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

To add on, double bonds involve more electrons so the attraction forces are stronger, which causes double bonds to be shorter.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Alexandra Bartolome 4D wrote:Wave functions represent the probability of finding the position of an electron in an atom. They are used to describe an electron, which has wavelike properties and indeterminate momentum/position, in an atom.

Ah ok. What happens if they're negative, though?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Avogrado's number can be used to describe any unit. It's just that any 1 mole of something = 6.02 x 10^23

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

A mole (6.02 x 10^23) can be a mole of anything, even money or people.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Hey just asking when do we use one or the other?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Hey just asking what the wave functions represent exactly, and will we have to know actual numeric values for the functions?

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Hey did we go over this at all in class? If so, what is it??

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Also I believe wavelike properties are only demonstrated by objects that are extremely small. While light does exhibit wavelike properties, the equation cannot be applied towards it. So... does this mean objects with wavelike properties move in a wave? or what? That's the part I'm having trouble wi...

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Also I believe wavelike properties are only demonstrated by objects that are extremely small. While light does exhibit wavelike properties, the equation cannot be applied towards it. So... does this mean objects with wavelike properties move in a wave? or what? That's the part I'm having trouble wi...

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

There are two models: In the wave model the intensity of radiation is proportional to the square of the amplitude of the wave and in the particle model intensity is proportional to the number of photons. Electrons and all matters have both particle and wavelike properties. This would be known as th...

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

You could just use the mass of the electron, since it's going to be one of those numbers that are given on exams.

Timmy Nguyen Dis 1I

Hey can someone please help explain the differences exactly? I'm a bit confused.

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