CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

sarahforman_Dis2I

On one of the questions for the midterm it asked which combination of acid and base would have the biggest change of temperature. I had no clue how to approach this, can someone explain this to me. What I did was analyze the number of moles of acid and base that each pairing gave. The pairing with ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Could someone define these terms for me, especially "free expansion." How would you calculate the change in entropy, change in entropy of the surroundings, and change in entropy total. This is also the last question of the midterm for 2020. Thanks so much!

sarahforman_Dis2I

The free energy of activation is directly related to the activation energy but they aren't exactly the same. The free energy of activation takes entropy into account while the activation energy does not. What do you mean when you say "the free energy of activation takes entropy into account&qu...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone please explain what the pseudo equilibrium constant is? I am a bit confused. Thanks so much!

sarahforman_Dis2I

A catalyst is a substance that is not consumed in the reaction. It will show up in the product and the reactant side. The intermediates will be used up in the reaction. I hope this helps!

sarahforman_Dis2I

I understand what is being said, but if we are looking at the electrolytic cell problems (6O1, 6O3) they chose the half reaction with the highest reduction potential to be the cathode. Since it is electrolytic, shouldn't it be the lowest reduction potential?

sarahforman_Dis2I

nicolely2F wrote:Does the order in which I write a half-cell's components matter? For example, is H2|H+ || Cl-|Cl2 the same thing as writing H+|H2 || Cl-|Cl2?

I believe it is cathode on the right, anode on the left. Whatever is being oxidized is on the left and whatever is being reduced is on the right.

sarahforman_Dis2I

What exactly do the commas between species indicate in cell notation? All the commas mean is that the species are in the same physical state (gas, liquid, aqueous solution) and in the same part of the reaction. You would use a single line if the two species were different phases but participating i...

sarahforman_Dis2I

When being asked what Reactant is Oxidized/Reduced, Do we consider the whole molecule or just the atom? Generally, you would think of an atom being oxidized or reduced, not necessarily a molecule. If you look at the half reactions, most of them will be expressed in terms of atoms (not full molecule...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone please explain why we would include the H+ in the cell diagram, but not include H20 in the diagram for part c? Thanks in advance. I think it is because H2O is the solvent you would not put it in the cell diagram. It is in such excess that it is not important for the cell reaction. I hop...

sarahforman_Dis2I

I understand that when you are finding the cathode of a voltaic (spontaneous) cell, you chose the substance with the half reaction that has the highest redox potential. With an electrolytic cell wouldn't it be the opposite since you are pushing electrons the opposite direction from what is spontaneo...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Renee Grange 1I wrote:How is platinum used in redox reactions?

It is basically a way for electrons to enter a solution of ions. For example, if you were reducing Fe 3+ tp Fe 2+ (both of which are ions), you would use a platinum electrode to transfer electrons to the Fe 3+ to reduce it to Fe 2+. I hope that this helps!

sarahforman_Dis2I

What is the point of the nitrate in this concentration cell?? (Image attached)What does it do? Does it keep the solution neutral? If so how? I believe that the nitrate keeps the solution neutral though balancing out the Ag+ ions. That is why there is a porous disk, think of it as a form of salt bri...

sarahforman_Dis2I

How do you identify the oxidizing agent or the reducing agent? Is it typically on the left or right side of a chemical reaction? From my experience, the reducing agent isn't always on one side of the equation. Rather, the reducing agent is the species that is being oxidized. I think of the reducing...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Abigail Menchaca_1H wrote:What does it mean by non standard conditions when determining the direction of electron transfer?

Just to clarify, standard conditions normally means 25 C, 1 atm and 1 M. The equation is used to find the cell potential when the cell is not under these conditions (eg 2 M or 50 C)

sarahforman_Dis2I

What does the salt bridge do in the cell diagram? Just to add on to what other people have said, it is a way to make sure that the charges of the two solutions in the cell are neutral. For example, if you had copper being oxidized to Cu 2+ in one beaker, the anions would move towards that beaker in...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Hi, I'm having trouble understanding the difference between the ∆G and ∆Gº terms in the equation ∆G = ∆Gº + RT lnQ. Is ∆Gº the standard Gibb's free energy difference between the reactants and products, and ∆G the Gibb's free energy difference between the initial state and equilibrium (since we deri...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Is there a difference between Hc and Hf? Would you use them exactly them say as in products minus reactants? Hf would be used to calculate the overall enthalpy of the reaction. You would calculate this using sum of Hf (products) - sum of Hf (reactants) Hc is the enthalpy of combustion. In other wor...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone explain to me why we are taking the natural log of Temperature in Van't Hoff's equation? I'm confused as to what the equation also is trying to convey also because I was confused about the in class example. Thank you! The reason you take ln(K) is because you are assuming that the reacti...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What is the relationship between free energy and work? This is one of the learning objectives from Thermodynamics. From what I understand, the free energy is the amount of energy that is available to do work. When talking about energy, energy can be in the form of heat, friction ext. Free energy is...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Rhea Shah 2F wrote:Why is internal energy equal to 0 in an isothermal reaction?

One way that a TA explained this concept to me, is the U is a function of T, meaning that if the temperature changes, then the internal energy must change as well (because the molecules will have more motion).

sarahforman_Dis2I

What is the difference between reversible and irreversible expansions? Along with what the other student said, the difference was explained to me as such. If you have two scales with a bunch of pebbles on them, an irreversable expansion would be similar to taking all of the pebbles off of the scale...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why does the solution manual (6th edition) put "The reaction we want is N2 (g) + 5/2 O2 (g) -> N2O5 (g)" when there's no N2 in the reactions given? Shouldn't we create a reaction that does include the reactants and products of the 2 reactions given, which will be 2NO (g) + 3/2 O2 (g) -> N...

sarahforman_Dis2I

When do we use ΔS=qrev/T versus ΔS=nRln(V2/V1) or ΔS=nRln(P1/P2)? In the lecture these equations were derived from an isothermal reversible expansion so does that mean it can only be used for those types of reactions? Also just to clarify, which entropy equations are used for irreversible reactions...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone explain the difference between all these notations: ΔH, ΔH°, ΔH(rxn)°, and ΔH(f)°? I feel like some questions refer to ΔH°as the same as ΔH(rxn)°but some don't so I'm utterly confused. It would also help if you explain this with the units correlating to each because I know some has &quo...

sarahforman_Dis2I

I'm confused can someone explain to me how the internal energy of an ideal gas changes? Does doing work on the system affect it at all? You can change the work done on the gas through changing the volume (making delta V not equal to zero). Like someone else said, you can also change the temperature...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone please explain what statistical entropy is and how it is different from thermodynamic entropy?

sarahforman_Dis2I

905373636 wrote:Is W2/W1 always equal to V2/V1?

The proportion between W2/W1 and V2/V1 will always be equal, although the value of W2 and V2 will be different.

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone please explain what makes a reaction reversible. I am just a little confused about qualifies as a reversible reaction.

sarahforman_Dis2I

Brian Tangsombatvisit 1C wrote:When using the equation -nRTln(V2/V1) for reversible reactions, does n stand for the change in moles after the reaction takes place or does it stand for the total number of moles?

I believe n stands for the net amount of moles produced in the reaction (so final amount of moles-initial moles).

sarahforman_Dis2I

Jarrett Peyrefitte 2K wrote:What is the first law of thermodynamics? How is it used and why?

Also, the equation for the first law of thermodynamics is
Delta U=w+q
This equation can have various ways of being expressed depending on the surroundings (whether pressure is constant ext..)

sarahforman_Dis2I

When would you use residual entropy? Why is this value useful?

sarahforman_Dis2I

How do we know which method to use when calculating the total enthalpy of a reaction? Just like someone said above, it depends on what the problem gives you. Hess's method can be used if you are given all of the chemical equations of the intermediates with their respective changes in enthalpy. If y...

sarahforman_Dis2I

It states in the book that breaking bonds is always endothermic and requires energy. However in biology, breaking a phosphate group from ATP to form ADP releases energy. Can someone help me understand this? It is important to understand that the when an reaction is exothermic or exergonic the amoun...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Since enthalpy is a measure of the heat released or gained in chemical reactions, it can be negative. If a reaction has a negative enthalpy, that means it is losing enthalpy to the surroundings (releasing heat), meaning it is exothermic

sarahforman_Dis2I

When calculating from the specific heat capacity using the formula q=C(m) (delta T), do we use units for temperature as degree celsius or Kelvin? I believe you use celsius because the heat capacity (C in the equation) has units of J/(cg). Using the constant you are given, make sure that the units c...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why can the pH sometimes be negative? What's going on conceptually? If the concentration of H3O+ is greater than 1M, the pH will be 0 (if it is equal to 1) or negative. The reason that the scale is 1-14 is because in most systems, the concentration of H3O+ does not exceed 1M. Conversely, if the con...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What is the the value of R in PV=nRT? I've seen two different values and don't know which is which. Yes, you are correct that there are two values for R. The difference between these values are the units that are used. This means that you need to be very careful when you are using the ideal gas law...

sarahforman_Dis2I

When delta H is positive, is it endothermic or exothermic? And if H is negative? If delta H is positive, that means the sum of the enthalpy of reactants is LARGER than the sum of the enthalpy of products. This means that the reaction is endothermic, or uses heat. If delta H is negative, the sum of ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

How do you identify conjugate acids and bases in a chemical reaction? How do they differ from their respective acids and bases? A conjugate acid/base in a reaction is what is left over after the proton is donated or accepted from water. For example, in the dissociation of HCl, Cl- and H3O+ ions are...

sarahforman_Dis2I

When discussing the shifts in equilibrium from Le Chatelier's Principle, does this simply mean that the concentration will revert to the same K value or will it obtain a different K value? It is important to note that the only reason that the actual value of K can change is through a change in temp...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Write (a) the chemical equation for the proton transfer equilibrium in water and the corresponding expression for Ka and (b) the chemical equation for the proton transfer equilibrium of the conjugate base and the corresponding expression for Kb for each of the following weak acids: (iii) C6H5OH For...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Hi, From my understanding, the reason that a change in pressure from adding inert gas (to a constant volume) doesn't cause the reaction to shift is because the addition of inert gas changes the total pressure but not the partial pressures of the reactants and products. However, I was wondering how ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

How does a reaction shift when the pressure of a system is decreased? As someone states above, if an inert gas is added to the mixture, the equilibrium will not shift. This is extremely important to understand because adding an inert gas will change the pressure of the system, but it will not chang...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What did Dr. Lavelle mean by the "quick way" of using Le Chatelier's Principle and what is the long way? The "quick way" is remembering that if the volume decreases, the reaction will shift to the side that has the fewest moles of gas. If the volume increases, the reaction will ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

When do we use the equation PV=nRT? And how would we use it? You would use this equation when you are trying to convert between partial pressure and concentration. Let's say, for example, you were given the Kc of a reaction and the partial pressure of some of the reactants. Since you were given the...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What does each variable/letter represent in the equation PV = nRT? P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (the values should be given to us), and T is temperature in K. It is important to note that the units on P will determine what value of R is used (whether t...

sarahforman_Dis2I

In addition, because the activity is equal to a constant multiplied by the concentration, and often times that constant is equal to one under ideal conditions, we can assume that the concentration values are values of the activity. As someone stated above, activity values do not have units.

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone explain the concept behind Q? When is it essential? Like someone else said above, Q is basically a way for you to determine whether the reaction is at equilibrium. You calculate Q the same way that you calculate K. The only difference, is the concentration or pressure values you put in ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why do we not include solids or liquids in the equilibrium concentration calculations? It is important to note that solvents (eg. liquid water) are not included in the equilibrium expression because only a minimal amount of the solvent is taken away in the reaction. Because of this, we can assume t...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Regarding the Chemical Equilibrium Pt 1B Pre-Assessment, for reactions that involve liquid water as a product and H3O+(aq) or OH-(aq) as a product, are the H3O/OH included in the K calculation? Yes, as these solutions are aqueous they would. Water (H2O(l)) would not be included because it is the so...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Typically, molarity/concentration units are given when the products and reactants are in aqueous solution whereas partial pressure is given when the reactants and products are all in the gas phase. Ultimately, however, Kc and Kp give you the same information about a reaction.

sarahforman_Dis2I

When writing the products and reactants for the equilibrium constant, why do we add P before the formula that is part of the chemical equation? Does this represent the partial pressure? I believe that you are correct. If all of the substances in the equilibrium reaction are in the gas phase, that m...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Dr. Lavelle mentioned today in lecture that a more stabilized molecule would have more concentration and a higher k value as a result. Can anyone please explain this to me? Thank you Hi! The value of K is equal to the concentration of the products (raised to the stoichiometric coefficient) divided ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone give examples of how we would change the naming of a ligand that has di, tri, and tetra- or is a polydentate to its name that has bis-, tris-, tetrakis-, or pentakis-? You would do this when the ligand is a polydentate. For example, Na3[Co(C2H4)3] would be named sodium tris(oxalato)coba...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone give examples of how we would change the naming of a ligand that has di, tri, and tetra- or is a polydentate to its name that has bis-, tris-, tetrakis-, or pentakis-? You would do this when the ligand is a polydentate. For example, Na3[Co(C2H4)3] would be named sodium tris(oxalato)coba...

sarahforman_Dis2I

In class, Dr. Lavelle talked about how cisplatin works as a chemotherapy drug while translation does not. Why is this, and could someone explain how cisplatin interacts with DNA? Cisplatin binds to two sites in the DNA because the two Cl atoms are on the same side of the atom. Cisplatin can bind to...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Sophia Dinh 1D wrote:what does neutralization form?

It forms water and a salt. For example, NaOH(aq) + HCl(aw) ---> NaCl(aq) + H2O

Since the NaCl is aqueous, it consists of Na+ and Cl- ions in the water solution. I hope that this helps!

sarahforman_Dis2I

How does the solvent play a role in the pH of a weak acid solution? The pH is a measure of the concentration of H+ ions in solution. Some solvents may allow for the dissociation of a weak acid more than water, meaning that more H+ ions will dissociate. This means that the pH of the solution will be...

sarahforman_Dis2I

After your calculation, how would you determine which value is your pH and your pOH? For example in 6B. 5D how would you determine that 3.15 is your pOH and 10.85 is your pH? Remember that the pH added to the pOH equals 14. This is because the sum of the OH- ion and H+ ion concentration must equal ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why would an acid such as HClO be stronger than, say, HBrO? HClO would be a stronger acid because Cl is more electronegative than Br. Because of this, the Cl atom pulls electrons away from the hydrogen and towards the Cl. This means that it will be easier for the H+ ion to be released from the comp...

sarahforman_Dis2I

No, sigma and pi bonds do not influence a molecule's shape (in other words, the type of bond doesn't affect the shape). It is important to note, however, that pi bonds cannot rotate. This means that having pi bonds (double and triple bonds), can prevent the molecule from rotating which can impact h...

sarahforman_Dis2I

I'm a bit confused between the concepts of hydrogen bonding and dispersion. Can someone clarify the difference between the two? Hydrogen bonding occurs between H and either N,F, or O (three very electronegative attractions). This means that H-bonding is an extremely strong dipole dipole interaction...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Thanks everyone. The other thing that's confusing to me is how does an atom donate a proton? I thought interactions between atoms were all through electrons. Maybe an example will help. Let's say that we have a reaction that is between hydrochloric acid and water. HCl(aq) + H2O (l) --> H3O+ (aq) + ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Hi, I still don't understand why the correct answer for the graph on the midterm isn't just linear. The reason that the graph is a horizontal is that the question states that the intensity of the light is kept constant. This is extremely important because a constant intensity means that there are t...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What is the difference between a Bronsted acid and a Lewis acid? A Bronsted acid gives away a proton. A Lewis acid accepts a pair of electrons. If you think of a H+ ion, the H+ ion is a proton and therefore can donate a proton (Bronsted acid). Since it has a positive charge, it can accept electron ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Because in a sigma bond the orbitals can overlap to a greater extent where as with pie bonds they are overlapping indirectly which means they can't overlap as much as sigma bond. The more they over lap, the stronger the pull what do you mean by "overlap"? Sigma bonds overlap end to end wh...

sarahforman_Dis2I

The boiling point of pentane - CH3(CH2)3 CH3 is 36.1 C, whereas that of C(CH3)4 is 9.5C. The solutions say that pentane has a higher surface area and thus stronger London forces than C(CH3)4 because C(CH3)4 is spherical and more compact, but how do you draw the lewis structure of C(CH3)4 to determi...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Part b asks for the hybridization of the carbon-oxygen bond in the molecule CH4O. I understand why the carbon atom is sp3, but don't understand why the oxygen atom is also sp3 hybridized. Can someone provide an explanation? You are correct that the hybridization of the C atom is sp3. The oxygen ato...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What is this equation exactly and do we need it for the test this week? This equation is just saying that the strength of the intermolecular attraction between two molecules is related to how close the two molecules are from each other (r). r^6 means that the strength of the interaction greatly dep...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why was the ground state of calcium given as Ca2+? I got this question wrong for the midterm even though I wrote the right electron configuration for Ca. In order to get this correct on the midterm, you needed to take away two electrons from the electron configuration of Ca. When you do this, you w...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What’s the difference between molecular shape and geometry? We talked a bit about it during discussion but I’m just confused on what extent we need to know for the exam. Thank you! I think that the molecular geometry is the amount of bonding and lone pairs around the atoms. Molecular shape is the a...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Cavalli_1E wrote:Does anyone know if material covered in today's (Monday) lecture will be covered on test 2?

I believe that sigma and pi bonding will be on the exam. Dr. Lavelle said that hybridization would not be on the test, however.

sarahforman_Dis2I

I'm a little confused about what ionization energy has to do with the fact that it is very unlikely for an extremely electronegative element (such as O, N, F, Cl) to have a positive charge? Ionization energy is the energy needed to remove an electron. Elements that have high ionization energies hav...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why would C4H9OH have a higher melting point than C2H5OC2H5? Similar to what the other person said above, since C4H9OH has an OH group, it can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules, whereas C2H5OC3H5 cannot. It is important to remember that hydrogen bonds are strong dipole dipole interactions th...

sarahforman_Dis2I

For the question right above this comment: Exactly. Atoms such as fluorine and oxygen are highly electronegative and are able to pull electrons closer to themselves. Putting a negative on them only makes sense because they have a natural tendency to be negative in a molecule. This is correct. Addit...

sarahforman_Dis2I

During lecture, how does a shape of a molecule contribute to the strength of an interaction? And by shape, do we mean spherical or log shapes, and how far apart they are from another atom/molecule? thanks Just to echo what other people have said on this thread, if a nonpolar molecule has a more fla...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone define polarizability and polarizing power please? I am still slightly confused and want to be sure I have it down for the upcoming quiz/final. Polarizability is the ease at which electrons can be moved away from the nucleus whereas polarizing power is how easily a cation can pull elect...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Why do more bonds lead to shorter bond lengths? Like why are double bonds shorter than single bonds? I am going to echo what other people are saying on this thread. According to Coloumb's law, which is the formula that determines the strength of the force between two charged particles, as the charg...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Whenever I solve this equation out am getting the the energy of the photon is 1.936x10^-18 J but there is apparently this whole answer is supposed to be negative. Could someone please explain why this is; where does the negative sign come from? Your math is correct. The positive value that you calc...

sarahforman_Dis2I

When trying to find energy level n initial or n final I know you use the equation delta E=(-hR/nf^2)-(-hR/ni^2) but when ever I try to isolate out the variable I am looking for I am off by 1 negative sign every time and I don't know what I am doing wrong. Could someone please show the work for this...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Can someone summarize/explain why certain elements can have incomplete octets and why some can have extended (overfilled) octets? I know there are exceptions, I am just unsure of which ones follow which exceptions and why. So if someone could summarize them, that would be AMAZING. Thank you! I can ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Is there a difference between electron configuration and ground-state electron configuration? I thought ground-state referred to neutral atoms but the past-exam question in lecture today asked for the ground-state e- configuration of ions. The ground-state electron configuration is just asking for ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

What do we need to understand conceptually about the Shrodinger equation and the Hamiltonian? How do these concepts interact, and do we need to know the equation/how to solve the Hamiltonian? I believe that for the midterm we just need to know what the Hamiltonian is. The Hamiltonian is a double de...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Is it possible that the first ionization energy of any atom could be more than the second? I'm just wanting to clarify for my notes. No, the First Ionization Energy is always smaller than the second. This is because of the decreased electron-electron repulsion with the same positive charge. Because...

sarahforman_Dis2I

In class, Lavelle told us to count the valence electrons before making our Lewis structures. I don't really think this is necessary but I was going through and checking some of my drawings and for BrF3, Br has 7 valence electrons and so does F so there should be 28 electrons drawn. I drew single bo...

sarahforman_Dis2I

If a problem says: Indium(III) sulfide Does the (III) just give the charge for Indium or is it telling us how many atoms of Indium there will be? I'm assuming charge since the formula is Ir2S3. It is telling you the charge of In. Since In is a metal, it forms a cation. The roman numerals are just t...

sarahforman_Dis2I

The reason for this is because Cu has only one unpaired electron in the d block, it turns out that it is at a lower energy state to take an electron from the s orbital and put it in the d orbital. This is one of the exceptions that Lavelle talked about in class. It is also important to note that Cu,...

sarahforman_Dis2I

No, I believe that in class, the Professor specified that we do not need to know the electron configurations of the lanthanides and actinides. Just focus on the top part of the d block.

sarahforman_Dis2I

Last week, when explaining why electrons have quantized energy states, Dr. Lavelle talked about how electrons are comparable to a "circular standing wave" around the nucleus, and that the two "ends" must be in phase in order for the energy levels to be stable. I can understand t...

sarahforman_Dis2I

This is the question: What is the minimum uncertainty in the speed of an electron confined within a lead atom of diameter 350. pm? Model the atom as a one-dimensional box with a length equal to the diameter of the actual atom. For this problem, I am trying to use the uncertainty equation but am unc...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Protons and neutrons have nearly the same mass. How different are their wavelengths? Calculate the wavelength of each particle when traveling at 2.75 x 10^5 m/s in a particle accelerator and report the difference as a percentage of the wavelength of the neutron. Since protons and neutrons have appr...

sarahforman_Dis2I

We learned that if you remove an electron using exactly the work function amount of energy that the electron will have 0KE. While mathematically this makes sense, how is the electron "removed" if it is not moving? If you give it the threshold energy then it will escape the atom, but then ...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Hi all! I understand that we will not need to calculate the equation itself, but I am still confused on how the equation works. I understand that the hamiltonian is the double derivative, but what is it the double derivative of? Can someone please explain the parts of this equation?

sarahforman_Dis2I

I am still a little bit confused on the difference between psi and psi squared and how they relate to the sine model. For example, why does psi squared equal the distribution of electrons? Could someone please help me understand the difference between psi and psi squared? Thank you!!

sarahforman_Dis2I

Question on the Atomic Spectra Module asks: Calculate the frequency of a photon emitted by a hydrogen atom when an electron makes a transition from the fourth to the second principal quantum level. I did the calculations and got A. -6.17 x 10^14 Hz However, it said my answer was wrong. Are frequenc...

sarahforman_Dis2I

A bowling ball of mass 8.00 kg is rolled down a bowling alley lane at 5.00 +/- 5.0 m/s. What is the minimum uncertainty in its position? In the answer key, they used 5.00 m/s as the uncertainty in velocity (delta v). Why wouldn't the uncertainty be 10.00 m/s? I thought it would be that because 10.0...

sarahforman_Dis2I

While I was working through this problem, I wasn't sure how I was supposed to already know that n 1 =1. The problem reads: In the ultraviolet spectrum of atomic hydrogen, a line is observed at 102.6 nm. Determine the values of n for the initial and final energy levels of the electron during the emi...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Just for clarification, it is only used regarding a DROP of an electron from one energy level to another (releasing a photon), not when it goes from a lower to higher energy level (absorbing a photon), right? Will we ever need calculate the latter? What the Bohr Frequency Condition means is the ene...

sarahforman_Dis2I

Normally theoretical yield is in grams, but if the number is extremely small or large you may want to convert the grams to milligrams or kilograms in order to make the answer easier to understand. In other words, yes, theoretical yield is typically in grams, but it can be any SI mass unit (g, kg, mg...

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