Search found 110 matches
- Tue Mar 10, 2020 7:57 pm
- Forum: Arrhenius Equation, Activation Energies, Catalysts
- Topic: Will We
- Replies: 2
- Views: 239
Re: Will We
If you can find activation energy using the equation, I don't see why it wouldn't be a valid question on a test or final. Just plug other numbers into the Arrhenius equation and calculate Ea.
- Tue Mar 10, 2020 7:55 pm
- Forum: Arrhenius Equation, Activation Energies, Catalysts
- Topic: Arrhenius Eqn, K2>K1
- Replies: 3
- Views: 986
Re: Arrhenius Eqn, K2>K1
In regards to the Arrhenius equation that is: ln(k2/k1)=Ea/R(1/T1- 1/T2) One of the interpretation that the textbook stated was: "When T2 . T1, the right-hand side is positive, so ln(kr2/kr1) is positive, which means that kr2 > kr1. That is, the rate constant increases with temperature." ...
- Tue Mar 10, 2020 7:54 pm
- Forum: Arrhenius Equation, Activation Energies, Catalysts
- Topic: Arrhenius Eqn, K2>K1
- Replies: 3
- Views: 986
Re: Arrhenius Eqn, K2>K1
In regards to the Arrhenius equation that is: ln(k2/k1)=Ea/R(1/T1- 1/T2) One of the interpretation that the textbook stated was: "When T2 . T1, the right-hand side is positive, so ln(kr2/kr1) is positive, which means that kr2 > kr1. That is, the rate constant increases with temperature." ...
- Tue Mar 10, 2020 7:51 pm
- Forum: Arrhenius Equation, Activation Energies, Catalysts
- Topic: Adsorption
- Replies: 7
- Views: 385
Re: Adsorption
We use the term adsorption when there is a heterogenous catalyst. When there is a solid catalyst and a substrate (reactant) in solution, we say that the substrate/reactant is adsorbed because it would be attracted/attached to the catalyst in some way but would not combine or be absorbed into the cat...
- Tue Mar 10, 2020 7:49 pm
- Forum: Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
- Topic: Initial Rates summarized
- Replies: 3
- Views: 255
Re: Initial Rates summarized
Consider the equation Rate = k [A]^n [B]^m. For a table of experiments containing data on the initial [A], [B], and rate for each experiment, use the method of initial rates to determine n, m, and k. Determine m and n by setting up ratios of Rate = k [A]^n [B]^m for different experiments such that ...
- Tue Mar 10, 2020 7:47 pm
- Forum: Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
- Topic: meaning of slow/fast mechanism
- Replies: 3
- Views: 290
Re: meaning of slow/fast mechanism
It basically means that two of the same molecule are colliding and combining. This is a fast elemental step, so it will not determine the rate law of the overall reaction.
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 7:49 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: Possible Solution Error on 6N.1 part b
- Replies: 5
- Views: 388
Re: Possible Solution Error on 6N.1 part b
Yeah I think the oxidation number only changes by 1 for the indium so that is probably where the error is.
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 7:46 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: 6N.5b - getting giant exponents/overflow?
- Replies: 1
- Views: 189
Re: 6N.5b - getting giant exponents/overflow?
You are using the right stoichiometric coefficients. You should get that the balanced MnO4- reduction reaction has an E 0 of +1.51 V and the balanced Cl- oxidation reaction has an E 0 of +1.36 V. You then combine the reactions and do E 0 of the cathode minus the E 0 of the anode and get a positive E...
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 7:39 pm
- Forum: Second Order Reactions
- Topic: [A] v. Time
- Replies: 27
- Views: 1144
Re: [A] v. Time
Would the slope of the graph be k?
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 7:36 pm
- Forum: First Order Reactions
- Topic: Finding Order of Reactions
- Replies: 4
- Views: 657
Re: Finding Order of Reactions
Also remember that rate constants are temperature specific.
- Tue Mar 03, 2020 7:35 pm
- Forum: Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
- Topic: Initial Rates summarized
- Replies: 3
- Views: 255
Initial Rates summarized
Can someone briefly summarize the method of initial rates for me? I was looking over my notes on this topic and I can't quite remember how to use it…
- Mon Feb 24, 2020 8:01 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: What does the nitrate do in a concentration cell?
- Replies: 6
- Views: 449
Re: What does the nitrate do in a concentration cell?
You can't just put gold ions in solution, you need it to be dissolved from another compound.
- Mon Feb 24, 2020 8:00 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Cell Diagrams
- Replies: 7
- Views: 328
Re: Cell Diagrams
Since you were given a solid thing in the equation, I'm not sure the Pt is needed. You just need to figure out what's being oxidized vs reduced and put them on the correct side of the "salt bridge". I hope this helps :) I'm not entirely sure if I'm correct, but I remember a problem like t...
- Mon Feb 24, 2020 7:55 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: pH meter example
- Replies: 1
- Views: 138
Re: pH meter example
The pH meter is an example of a concentration cell. It measures the difference in potential of the inside of the pH meter and the solution it is placed in. Therefore, it depends on what solution it is placed in.
- Mon Feb 24, 2020 7:53 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Salt Bridge
- Replies: 6
- Views: 394
Re: Salt Bridge
How does the salt from the salt bridge interact with the cathode and the anode solutions?
- Mon Feb 24, 2020 7:51 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: redox reactions
- Replies: 5
- Views: 295
Re: redox reactions
If you are talking about the half-rxns, then the reduction half-reaction is the one with electrons on the reactants side and the oxidation half-reaction is the one with electrons on the products side.
- Sat Feb 22, 2020 11:18 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: relevance of salt bridge
- Replies: 9
- Views: 557
Re: relevance of salt bridge
Does the porous disk/wall do the same thing as the salt bridge?
- Sat Feb 22, 2020 11:15 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Oxidation Numbers
- Replies: 9
- Views: 624
Re: Oxidation Numbers
We know common oxidation numbers. For example oxygen always has an oxidation number of 2-. Hydrogen is typically +1. All group 1 metal cations have a charge of +1, etc. You can use these known oxidation numbers to find the oxidation numbers of other elements in compounds with these.
- Sat Feb 22, 2020 11:12 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Cell Diagram
- Replies: 1
- Views: 100
Re: Cell Diagram
When the two compounds are in the same phase (for example both in aqueous solution) then you would use a comma. When they are in contact but are in different phases (like with a solid conductor and the metal in solution) you use a single vertical line.
- Sat Feb 22, 2020 11:09 am
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Purpose of Salt Bridge
- Replies: 12
- Views: 769
Re: Purpose of Salt Bridge
But the battery still dies, so when does the salt bridge stop working?
- Sat Feb 22, 2020 11:07 am
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: 6K.1
- Replies: 3
- Views: 220
Re: 6K.1
The oxidation state changes, but there are also a certain number of molecules. So for carbon, even though the oxidation state goes from 2- to 1-, there are 2 carbon molecules so this would involve 2 electrons.
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 4:00 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: 4D.23
- Replies: 2
- Views: 236
Re: 4D.23
Because there are two moles of NO gas. Standard enthalpies of formation are given per mole, so you need to multiply each one by the number of moles when using the equation given on the formula sheet.
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 3:57 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: 4A.3
- Replies: 1
- Views: 177
Re: 4A.3
I think it's possible. Lavelle went over the work formula w = pressure * area * distance so it is fair game for the midterm.
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 3:45 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Irreversible reactions and temperature
- Replies: 3
- Views: 277
Re: Irreversible reactions and temperature
It is possible to have a reaction where the temperature change is 0 but delta U is constant. Work and heat both affect temperature, so if their effects on temperature cancel out you could technically have a situation where there is no temp. change.
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 3:41 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: pizza rolls 5c
- Replies: 2
- Views: 211
Re: pizza rolls 5c
We can calculate entropy of vaporization at temperatures other than the boiling point. Just multiply the entropy of vaporization by the temperature (in Kelvin) and the # of moles of water.
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 3:39 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Definitions (isochoric/isometric, isothermal, isobaric)
- Topic: Adiabatic process
- Replies: 3
- Views: 141
Adiabatic process
For an adiabatic process, would the only change in temperature of the system be due to the amount of work done? Would the temperature change for an adiabatic process be less than the temperature change for a irreversible expansion? For example question 4.6 in the textbook, where it gives you a press...
- Fri Feb 07, 2020 11:18 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Equation
- Replies: 3
- Views: 231
Re: Equation
Leonardo Le Merle 1D wrote:What are we meant to use if it is not reversible expansion?
You can use the equation S = nRln(v1/v2) if the pressure is not constant.
- Fri Feb 07, 2020 6:38 pm
- Forum: Gibbs Free Energy Concepts and Calculations
- Topic: why/how do molar gibbs free energies change?
- Replies: 1
- Views: 78
Re: why/how do molar gibbs free energies change?
I'm not 100% sure, but it probably has to do with changes in entropy. Different molecular compositions for a solution would probably change entropy (and therefore gibbs free energy) as there would be a different number of states. I'm guessing that for the midterm we don't have to understand this exa...
- Fri Feb 07, 2020 6:35 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Equation
- Replies: 3
- Views: 231
Re: Equation
For calculating delta S, you can substitute qrev for delta H. Remember that this is only true when there is constant pressure.
- Fri Feb 07, 2020 6:33 pm
- Forum: Third Law of Thermodynamics (For a Unique Ground State (W=1): S -> 0 as T -> 0) and Calculations Using Boltzmann Equation for Entropy
- Topic: Boltzmann Equation
- Replies: 2
- Views: 91
Re: Boltzmann Equation
The kB constant can be expressed in terms of the gas constant (8.314 J/K*mol) divided by avogadro's number.
- Fri Feb 07, 2020 6:32 pm
- Forum: Gibbs Free Energy Concepts and Calculations
- Topic: GFE dividing by temp
- Replies: 3
- Views: 158
Re: GFE dividing by temp
Because - delta H / T is the change in entropy of the surroundings (discussed earlier in lecture today) and this makes the equation easier to simplify into something that only has one variable. This way we can define spontaneity of a process in terms of only gibbs free energy.
- Mon Feb 03, 2020 4:59 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: q and w
- Replies: 10
- Views: 545
Re: q and w
Along with the tricks mentioned above, you can also determine whether work will be positive or negative based on expansion. If the system is expanding outward, work will be negative (w = -P(delta V)). On the other hand, if it is expanding inward, work will be positive. Hope this helped! Yes, work w...
- Thu Jan 30, 2020 1:29 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: 4A.3
- Replies: 9
- Views: 667
Re: 4A.3
Also, how would we know the sign of the internal energy?
- Thu Jan 30, 2020 1:28 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: 4A.3
- Replies: 9
- Views: 667
Re: 4A.3
How do we know that the pressure is constant for this system?
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 5:09 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Steam vs. Boiling Water
- Replies: 10
- Views: 447
Re: Steam vs. Boiling Water
Basically, this is because steam has undergone a phase change from liquid to water vapor (vaporization). Vaporization requires a lot of energy. When steam touches your skin, it will release a lot of energy as it cools to form liquid water. Water, while at the same energy, does not have the same lat...
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 5:07 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: Irreversible vs. Reversible Reactions
- Replies: 6
- Views: 331
Re: Irreversible vs. Reversible Reactions
During reversible reactions, products and reactants are always being made (going back and forth), while in irreversible reactions products can't revert back to what it was as a reactant. I also think that during reversible reactions, the system stays at thermodynamic equilibrium, and during irrever...
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 5:06 pm
- Forum: Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
- Topic: q vs deltaH
- Replies: 6
- Views: 227
Re: q vs deltaH
why would q ever not be equal to delta H?
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 5:03 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: work equations
- Replies: 5
- Views: 196
Re: work equations
What about when we are calculating the change in internal energy in a system under constant pressure? Work is involved, do we always use the negative sign in the expression for work?
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 12:28 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Systems (Open, Closed, Isolated)
- Topic: Systems at equilibrium
- Replies: 3
- Views: 178
Re: Systems at equilibrium
We will discuss it more when we start talking about thermodynamics. For now, all we need to know is that there is a difference in the amount of work done depending on whether the gaseous system is under pressure or not.
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 12:26 pm
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: Temperature
- Replies: 17
- Views: 730
Re: Temperature
Is it ok to use either since we only care about the change in temperature? The change in temperature will be the same whether measured in kelvin or celsius.
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:56 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Stoichiometric Coefficients
- Replies: 2
- Views: 214
Re: Stoichiometric Coefficients
Yep, because that represents having two moles of that reactant or product!
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:55 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: What do we need to know about titrations?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 99
Re: What do we need to know about titrations?
I would make sure to understand the concepts behind titrations, including why they are done. To remind you, titrations are used to determine the concentration of an acid or base in solution. An example would be an acid of unknown concentration that reacts with a base of known concentration. You woul...
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:51 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Work, reversible path
- Replies: 2
- Views: 249
Re: Work, reversible path
If the textbook is talking about chemical reactions specifically, it means that reversible reactions will involve the most work. This is because the reaction will reach equilibrium (meaning the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are constant). Because the molecules are constantly reacting wi...
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:47 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Molar concentration of H3O
- Replies: 6
- Views: 527
Re: Molar concentration of H3O
You would have to know the concentration of OH- if that was the only information you are given.
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:46 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Steam vs. Boiling Water
- Replies: 10
- Views: 447
Re: Steam vs. Boiling Water
Basically, this is because steam has undergone a phase change from liquid to water vapor (vaporization). Vaporization requires a lot of energy. When steam touches your skin, it will release a lot of energy as it cools to form liquid water. Water, while at the same energy, does not have the same late...
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 10:48 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: When to use K and Kp
- Replies: 12
- Views: 366
Re: When to use K and Kp
What if you are given all gases, can you still use Kc? I know you can convert to Kp but why wouldn't we just use concentrations if they are given?
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 10:46 am
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Ka and Kb
- Replies: 5
- Views: 138
Re: Ka and Kb
So Ka would be calculated for a compound by studying its equilibrium concentrations as if it were an acid, and Kb would be calculated for the conjugate base of that acid and its reaction is what I'm getting. Like the example with NH3 and NH4+ we did in lecture.
- Wed Jan 15, 2020 10:52 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: solubility
- Replies: 3
- Views: 118
Re: solubility
For example for an acid, we can find how much will dissociate in water by making the ICE table and finding the equilibrium concentration of the hydronium ion
- Wed Jan 15, 2020 10:50 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Ka and Kb
- Replies: 5
- Views: 138
Ka and Kb
Are Ka and Kb calculated differently?
- Wed Jan 15, 2020 10:48 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 6C#9
- Replies: 2
- Views: 86
Re: 6C#9
Can you write out the problem?
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:10 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Chemical Activity of a Compound
- Replies: 5
- Views: 136
Re: Chemical Activity of a Compound
What is chemical activity?
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:04 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5.57
- Replies: 1
- Views: 100
Re: 5.57
You know that the inital mass is equal to the final mass, and you can use this to solve for the initial concentration of NO
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:02 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5.39
- Replies: 1
- Views: 88
Re: 5.39
Yeah I can't seem to find it either. Maybe it's talking about table 5E.1. I might be wrong, but it seems like you should be able to do the problem without any extra information though?
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 5:57 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: solid/liquid
- Replies: 7
- Views: 179
Re: solid/liquid
I still don't really understand why solids aren't included, is it just because they don't have a concentration?
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 5:55 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: kc and kp
- Replies: 3
- Views: 184
Re: kc and kp
So we should convert all individual concentrations into pressures for gases using the ideal gas law, and not worry about converting Kc to Kp directly.
- Sat Dec 07, 2019 9:31 pm
- Forum: Photoelectric Effect
- Topic: Dino Nuggets question 8b
- Replies: 3
- Views: 492
Re: Dino Nuggets question 8b
For reference: 8b) A newly designed laser pointer with a certain frequency is pointed at a sodium metal surface. An electron is ejected from the metal surface with wavelength 1.10 nm. What is the frequency of the light from the laser pointer? The work function of sodium is 150.6 kJ∙mol-1. I'll just...
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 11:59 am
- Forum: Acidity & Basicity Constants and The Conjugate Seesaw
- Topic: Ionization Constants on test
- Replies: 1
- Views: 171
Re: Ionization Constants on test
Since we don't have to do calculations with Ka I would guess that we don't need to use ionization constants. They would only be given to us when we need to rank weak acids/bases in terms of strength.
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 11:57 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Oxolate Chelate
- Replies: 6
- Views: 334
Re: Oxolate Chelate
are chelates only bidentate?
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 11:56 am
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: London disperson
- Replies: 6
- Views: 266
Re: London disperson
Is London dispersion the same thing as dipole-dipole or van der waals forces? Do we have to mention all of these
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 11:55 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Hemoglobin
- Replies: 1
- Views: 175
Re: Hemoglobin
The same ligand binds to the transition metal more than once. Four nitrogen atoms in the ligand bind to iron, so it is tetradentate
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 11:53 am
- Forum: Air Pollution & Acid Rain
- Topic: final?
- Replies: 5
- Views: 508
Re: final?
The chemical equation is not that difficult to understand, just think about water and co2 in the atmosphere combining to form carbonic acid. I would know the formula and the concept behind it.
- Wed Nov 27, 2019 9:19 am
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Hydrogen Bonds vs Double Bonds
- Replies: 2
- Views: 174
Re: Hydrogen Bonds vs Double Bonds
Two hydrogen bonds would not form between two atoms. A double bond consists of a sigma bond and a pi bond between two atoms that are sharing electrons. Hydrogen bonds are much weaker and can only form between hydrogen and oxygen/nitrogen/fluorine.
- Wed Nov 27, 2019 9:17 am
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Identifying Acids and Bases
- Replies: 8
- Views: 435
Re: Identifying Acids and Bases
Why do strong acids have elements in group 1/2?
- Wed Nov 27, 2019 9:15 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Oxidation Number vs. Coordination Number
- Replies: 8
- Views: 1305
Re: Oxidation Number vs. Coordination Number
why is it called oxidation number if it is just the charge on the ion/transition metal?
- Wed Nov 27, 2019 9:14 am
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Ambiguous Cases
- Replies: 1
- Views: 183
Re: Ambiguous Cases
You could probably figure it out if you drew out the lewis structure. But I doubt that we would be given any of these ambiguous cases since it was not mentioned in lecture or discussion (at least mine).
- Wed Nov 27, 2019 9:11 am
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Bis,tris, etc
- Replies: 6
- Views: 302
Re: Bis,tris, etc
Do you use them just when the name starts with bi or di or is it just when it has bi, di, etc anywhere in the name?
- Wed Nov 27, 2019 9:10 am
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: OH2 vs H2O Coordination Complex Chemical Formula
- Replies: 3
- Views: 145
Re: OH2 vs H2O Coordination Complex Chemical Formula
I think it depends on the structure of the molecule. If the oxygen atom is the one binding to the metal on the left, then you would out OH2 in order to show the actual arrangement of the atoms in the coordination complex. Both are technically 'correct' but one can help you better visualize the struc...
- Mon Nov 25, 2019 3:36 pm
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Focus 9C.3
- Replies: 4
- Views: 77
Focus 9C.3
In part a), how do we know that there are three potassium atoms?
- Mon Nov 25, 2019 10:25 am
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Why do transition metal cations form complexes?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 189
Re: Why do transition metal cations form complexes?
They form complexes because they can accept multiple electron pairs from ligands. This is because of their partially-filled d subshells.
- Mon Nov 25, 2019 10:23 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Counting Total Charges Of A Coordination Compound
- Replies: 1
- Views: 141
Re: Counting Total Charges Of A Coordination Compound
You can calculate formal charge but it's just easier to do it when you know the charges of the individual ligands. Plus, it's important to remember that transition metals don't often follow the octet rule, so it can be easier to find the charge of the transition metal using the "counting" ...
- Mon Nov 25, 2019 10:17 am
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Coordination shape
- Replies: 3
- Views: 125
Re: Coordination shape
GFolk_1G wrote:I believe you would need more information to identify exactly which shape it is such as hybridization or specific numbers of lone pairs/bonding pairs
Yeah. You can't know which one it is based on the coordination number alone. You would have to be given other information.
- Mon Nov 25, 2019 10:15 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: ligand bonding sites
- Replies: 2
- Views: 148
Re: ligand bonding sites
Think about the examples that we looked at in lecture of monodentate vs bidentate vs tetradentate ligands. The number of bonds that a single ligand makes with the transition metal determines what we call it.
- Mon Nov 25, 2019 10:13 am
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Molecule BH2 polar or nonpolar
- Replies: 2
- Views: 554
Re: Molecule BH2 polar or nonpolar
The polar bonds cancel each other out because the molecule has a linear shape. Always take shape into consideration when thinking about whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar!
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 12:17 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Single/Double Bonds in Resonance
- Replies: 6
- Views: 367
Re: Single/Double Bonds in Resonance
So all resonance structures for a molecule have the same shape? Is this always true?
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 12:15 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Molecular Shape Name
- Replies: 17
- Views: 820
Re: Molecular Shape Name
I think you should try to remember all of them since it will help you remember how the structure looks. It's probably not 100% necessary, but it would be helpful.
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 12:14 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: London Forces and Dipole-Dipole
- Replies: 5
- Views: 347
Re: London Forces and Dipole-Dipole
So every molecule will have london forces as a type of IMF?
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 12:13 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: intermolecular forces
- Replies: 8
- Views: 548
Re: intermolecular forces
Are we expected to memorize electronegativities in order to tell whether a molecule has a dipole? And what is the difference between dipole and london forces?
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 12:12 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Incomplete Octets
- Replies: 4
- Views: 570
Re: Incomplete Octets
It's important to note that elements like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen should not have expanded octets
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 10:04 am
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Pi bonds
- Replies: 8
- Views: 952
Re: Pi bonds
505312292 wrote:605110118 wrote:What is the difference between pi and sigma?
sigma is all single bonds and pi is the second bond in a double bond
I still don't really understand this concept, can someone explain it further?
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 10:02 am
- Forum: Formal Charge and Oxidation Numbers
- Topic: central atom
- Replies: 21
- Views: 909
Re: central atom
How do we know what the central atom should be?
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 10:00 am
- Forum: Formal Charge and Oxidation Numbers
- Topic: Chlorine in center: electronegativity vs. formal charge
- Replies: 4
- Views: 284
Re: Chlorine in center: electronegativity vs. formal charge
VPatankar_3L wrote:Also since Oxygen is more electronegative that Chlorine, it can carry the -1 charge.
Is oxygen more electronegative than chlorine? I thought it was the other way around?
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 9:57 am
- Forum: Formal Charge and Oxidation Numbers
- Topic: Which lewis structure will make the dominant contribution to a resonance hybrid?
- Replies: 5
- Views: 341
Re: Which lewis structure will make the dominant contribution to a resonance hybrid?
The most important thing is to make sure that you are using the correct number of electrons. If there is multiple ways to do so, then you must look at formal charges and choose the structure that makes the most sense given what we know about electronegativity and bonding.
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 9:53 am
- Forum: Polarisability of Anions, The Polarizing Power of Cations
- Topic: Polarisability vs Polarizing Power
- Replies: 15
- Views: 1082
Re: Polarisability vs Polarizing Power
Small and highly charged cations are said to have very high polarizing power, because they will attract negative charge. For example, the Al3+ ion has very high polarizing power.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:22 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Noble Gas
- Replies: 4
- Views: 148
Re: Noble Gas
Are noble gases ever included in compounds? Do they ever share or donate electrons?
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:19 pm
- Forum: Resonance Structures
- Topic: 2C.3
- Replies: 2
- Views: 142
Re: 2C.3
I think the diagram is just pointing out that you can make the Cl formal charge 0 when there are two double bonds with oxygen.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:17 pm
- Forum: Electronegativity
- Topic: Electronegativity trends
- Replies: 5
- Views: 233
Re: Electronegativity trends
What about electronegativity? Does that count as a trend in the periodic table or is it just ionization energy / electron affinity?
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:15 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Partial charge
- Replies: 4
- Views: 113
Re: Partial charge
Why would they be found in ionic compounds? I thought partial charge was when atoms share electrons unequally.
- Wed Oct 30, 2019 6:13 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Radicals
- Replies: 9
- Views: 321
Re: Radicals
Why do radicals exist?
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 5:38 pm
- Forum: Formal Charge and Oxidation Numbers
- Topic: Formal Charge
- Replies: 5
- Views: 168
Re: Formal Charge
How do we know what the formal charge for the molecule should add up to? Is it always most stable if it adds up to 0?
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 5:36 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Electron Affinity
- Replies: 4
- Views: 185
Re: Electron Affinity
I think electron affinities can be positive or negative depending on whether energy is released or used in order to form an anion.
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 5:34 pm
- Forum: Octet Exceptions
- Topic: Reasoning behind the exceptions
- Replies: 3
- Views: 133
Re: Reasoning behind the exceptions
Aluminum can also have 6 valence electrons. As well, the electrons for P, S, and Cl would be in the 3d state because this is a lower energy level than the 4s state.
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 5:32 pm
- Forum: Resonance Structures
- Topic: Lewis Structures
- Replies: 3
- Views: 98
Re: Lewis Structures
Just remember that none of the lewis structures that we can draw for a molecule with resonance are actually correct, it is a blend of all of the possibilities as we discussed in class.
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 5:31 pm
- Forum: Resonance Structures
- Topic: Lewis Structures
- Replies: 3
- Views: 98
Re: Lewis Structures
You can know by drawing it out. If the molecule has resonance, then it will have the same arrangement of atoms but different ways to share the electrons, i.e. different ways to place a double bond and still satisfy the octet rule/create the most stable molecule. However many ways you can draw it and...
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 5:55 pm
- Forum: *Shrodinger Equation
- Topic: psi vs psi^2
- Replies: 7
- Views: 374
Re: psi vs psi^2
Why can orbitals be referred to in terms of psi OR psi^2? Are they interchangeable?
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 5:52 pm
- Forum: Quantum Numbers and The H-Atom
- Topic: X Y and Z
- Replies: 7
- Views: 236
Re: X Y and Z
There is no convention for which magnetic quantum number is associated with which plane for orbitals. Because of this, either the values will be randomly assigned to a specific orbital (given by the problem/textbook/etc) or we will just have to write all of the possible options and accept that it is...
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 5:48 pm
- Forum: Heisenberg Indeterminacy (Uncertainty) Equation
- Topic: how to express answer
- Replies: 6
- Views: 152
Re: how to express answer
I think in lecture Professor Lavelle mentioned that in the best case scenario Δp*Δx = h/4pi, but in most situations it's actually larger than h/4pi. In the example that he did with the baseball he wrote the final velocity as v = 3.2X10^10 m/s, so I would guess that we are looking at the best case sc...
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 5:43 pm
- Forum: DeBroglie Equation
- Topic: De Broglie Wavelength
- Replies: 7
- Views: 291
Re: De Broglie Wavelength
Does calculating the De Broglie wavelength just mean calculating the wavelength of an electron?
- Wed Oct 16, 2019 5:42 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: 1D.25
- Replies: 3
- Views: 165
Re: 1D.25
Yes, you can look at the quantum numbers in order to identify whether or not a certain orbital can exist. We know that 2d cannot exist because the angular momentum quantum number can never equal 2 when n =2 (It must be 0 or 1, which correspond to the s or p orbitals). On the other hand, 6f can exist...
- Sun Oct 13, 2019 6:32 pm
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: Atomic Spectra Pre-Assessment #13
- Replies: 1
- Views: 62
Re: Atomic Spectra Pre-Assessment #13
They technically provide the same data. Absorption line spectra display the wavelengths of light absorbed, and emission line spectra display the wavelengths of light emitted. You can measure either to get the same information, it just depends on what experimental tools were available.
- Sun Oct 13, 2019 6:25 pm
- Forum: Photoelectric Effect
- Topic: confirmation.
- Replies: 5
- Views: 204
Re: confirmation.
Yes. We learned that it was unexpected, but changing to higher intensity light did not eject electrons, but changing the frequency of light emitted did. This demonstrates the particle-like qualities of light.