Search found 164 matches
- Sun Mar 15, 2020 7:11 am
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Midterm 3D
- Replies: 1
- Views: 210
Re: Midterm 3D
This is how i approached this problem. Because the pka is less than the pH (4.75 is smaller than 6), we know that this will dissociate. This acid dissociates into its anion which does have a negative one charge.
- Sun Mar 15, 2020 7:09 am
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: rate in an uncontrolled solution
- Replies: 2
- Views: 392
Re: rate in an uncontrolled solution
perhaps, if you are finding the rate of a reaction and there are many different molecules interacting, you may need to rely on pseudo ordered rates to solve this, because pseudo ordered rates are a way in which we can find the rate of reaction when one or two reactants are in excess while the other ...
- Sun Mar 15, 2020 7:06 am
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: Bond Enthalpies and Standard Enthalpies of Formation
- Replies: 2
- Views: 343
Re: Bond Enthalpies and Standard Enthalpies of Formation
Typically, when these values are not given to you they are 0 (usually for naturally occurring compounds, such as the enthalpy of formation for O2 0). Or if no values are given to you, you may use delta G= delta H-TdeltaS
- Sun Mar 15, 2020 7:04 am
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: electrodes
- Replies: 3
- Views: 353
Re: electrodes
Remember that the most positive reduction potential will be at the cathode, getting reduced, and the more negative one will be at the anode. In this case, hydrogen is SHE and is 0.00 V. because the hydrogen electrode lies on the left, in a cell diagram, for example, that means it is at the anode, an...
- Sun Mar 15, 2020 7:03 am
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: electrodes
- Replies: 3
- Views: 353
Re: electrodes
Remember that the most positive reduction potential will be at the cathode, getting reduced, and the more negative one will be at the anode. In this case, hydrogen is SHE and is 0.00 V. because the hydrogen electrode lies on the left, in a cell diagram, for example, that means it is at the anode, an...
- Sun Mar 15, 2020 7:02 am
- Forum: First Order Reactions
- Topic: Pseudo first order rxn
- Replies: 5
- Views: 532
Re: Pseudo first order rxn
Hi, I attached some helpful information that I wrote regarding pseudo ordered reactions. Essentially, pseudo ordered reactions are used when you have more than one reactant and one (or two) of the reactants is in excess. Because they are in excess, we can assume their rates are essentially constant,...
- Sun Mar 08, 2020 9:06 pm
- Forum: Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
- Topic: steady-state approximation
- Replies: 1
- Views: 178
Re: steady-state approximation
Steady-state approximation is part of the method of identifying rate limiting step--> use rate law of rate-limiting step as overall rate. The steady state approximation assumes that the rate of change of intermediate concentrations in reactions that consist of multiple steps don't change.
- Sun Mar 08, 2020 9:03 pm
- Forum: Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
- Topic: K
- Replies: 11
- Views: 682
Re: K
In kinetics, K is dependent on temperature and activation energy. You can find this relationship by using the arrhenius equation, which is k=Ae^-Ea/RT.
- Sun Mar 08, 2020 9:01 pm
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: Arrhenius Equation
- Replies: 3
- Views: 337
Re: Arrhenius Equation
The Arrhenius Equation is k=Ae^Ea/RT. We would use the arrhenius equation when you want to show the effect of changing the temperature on the rate constant. The arrhenius equation shows the relationship between the rate constant, k, temperature T, activation energy, and A, which is the proportionali...
- Sun Mar 08, 2020 8:58 pm
- Forum: First Order Reactions
- Topic: Example Help (First Order)
- Replies: 1
- Views: 196
Re: Example Help (First Order)
A first order reaction is when the rate of the reaction depends in a linear manner on one reactant's concentration. We can see this linear relationship by plotting the equation which we utilize for first order reactions. The equation we use for first order reactions is ln[A]= -kt+ln[A0]; this is cal...
- Sun Mar 08, 2020 8:48 pm
- Forum: Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
- Topic: Reaction Mechanism vs Elementary Step
- Replies: 1
- Views: 202
Re: Reaction Mechanism vs Elementary Step
A reaction mechanism can be thought of as the summation of elementary steps through which the chemical reaction takes place.
An elementary step is a single step in a series of "simple" steps that are indicative of how the reaction progresses.
An elementary step is a single step in a series of "simple" steps that are indicative of how the reaction progresses.
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 4:22 pm
- Forum: General Rate Laws
- Topic: Third Order Reactions
- Replies: 4
- Views: 1064
Re: Third Order Reactions
A third order reaction is when the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of 3 molecules that are acting as reactants. A third order reaction is difficult to attain because in order for the reaction to proceed ALL 3 of the molecules must collide with each other at the proper speed, with e...
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 4:19 pm
- Forum: Gibbs Free Energy Concepts and Calculations
- Topic: ∆G and ∆G°
- Replies: 7
- Views: 548
Re: ∆G and ∆G°
It is important to note the formulaic relationship between ∆G and ∆G°.
∆G = ∆G°+ RTlnQ. Make sure you are keeping this relationship in mind when seeing what direction the reaction would shift if the concentration of products or reactants changed or etc.
∆G = ∆G°+ RTlnQ. Make sure you are keeping this relationship in mind when seeing what direction the reaction would shift if the concentration of products or reactants changed or etc.
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 4:18 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: work max and change in free energy
- Replies: 2
- Views: 191
Re: work max and change in free energy
Free energy by definition is the energy available to do work, so if there is a change in free energy (i.e. an exothermic reaction or a spontaneous reaction), then that amount of energy difference is ready to do work and is therefore the maximum amount of work possible.
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 4:15 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: Flipping the sign
- Replies: 10
- Views: 672
Re: Flipping the sign
Additionally, just wanted to add that you can think of the E cell as the reduction happening at the cathode - the reduction happening at the anode, as well as E cathode - E anode.
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 4:14 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: usage of platinum of cell diagrams
- Replies: 5
- Views: 412
usage of platinum of cell diagrams
Just to clarify, do you only have to use platinum as an electrode if there are no solids present in the cell diagram? What happens if there is solid present only on one of the sides of the cell diagram?
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 6:18 pm
- Forum: Entropy Changes Due to Changes in Volume and Temperature
- Topic: Boltzmann Formula
- Replies: 11
- Views: 900
Re: Boltzmann Formula
You can kind of think of it as the "resonance structures" that a molecule or molecules can have, because essentially the boltzmann equation refers to the amount of different ways or microstates molecules can have.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 6:15 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: work
- Replies: 8
- Views: 469
Re: work
Work is negative when the system does it, and work is positive when work is done on the system. You can think of it like the system doing the work, the work leaves the system and is getting "Released."
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 5:32 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: neg vs pos
- Replies: 9
- Views: 760
Re: neg vs pos
A negative cell voltage -- reaction will occur spontaneously but in the opposite direction as compared to the forward.
A positive cell voltage--reaction will occur spontaneously.
A positive cell voltage--reaction will occur spontaneously.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 5:29 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: salt bridge
- Replies: 10
- Views: 711
Re: salt bridge
A salt bridge basically allows the reaction to keep happening for longer and prevents the reaction from reaching equilibrium so fast. Essentially, when a batter dies, that means that the reaction has reached equilibrium.
- Sun Feb 23, 2020 5:23 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Cell Potential Determining Strongest Agents
- Replies: 1
- Views: 120
Re: Cell Potential Determining Strongest Agents
Things with the largest, most positive cell potential are the best oxidizing agents, and things with the smallest, most negative cell potentials are the best reducing agents. Things with the most positive want to be reduced so much because they're positive, so it makes sense that they would be the b...
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 2:22 pm
- Forum: Gibbs Free Energy Concepts and Calculations
- Topic: Writing balanced equation for formation reactions
- Replies: 4
- Views: 326
Re: Writing balanced equation for formation reactions
Typically, delta H values are given per mol of the reaction which can be x mol of reactant and etc, while the question might be asking for the q value per a Y mol of reactant. To find delta q, you would need to multiply the delta H which you have by the ratio (mols of reactant the question is asking...
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 2:17 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Reversible Reactions vs. Irreversible Reactions
- Replies: 6
- Views: 296
Re: Reversible Reactions vs. Irreversible Reactions
I think it's important to understand the reason why a reversible graph employs the integral because the pressure is not constant so the area under the curve that needs to be found/solved as pressure changes infinitesimally while volume is simultaneously changing. The integrated area under the curve ...
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 2:08 pm
- Forum: Calculating Standard Reaction Entropies (e.g. , Using Standard Molar Entropies)
- Topic: What is residual entropy?
- Replies: 16
- Views: 4943
Re: What is residual entropy?
is residual entropy the same thing as positional entropy? Also how does residual entropy employ statistics? Is it because of the degeneracy term that is included in the S= kblnW equation?
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 2:06 pm
- Forum: Gibbs Free Energy Concepts and Calculations
- Topic: Spontaneous delta G
- Replies: 7
- Views: 446
Re: Spontaneous delta G
when we set delta G equal to 0, we find the boiling point at which the liquid turns into a gas state. Any temperature greater than what we find once we set delta G=0 using the formula delta G= delta H -TdeltaS, causes the delta G value to be less than one (aka negative), therefore spontaneous. Remem...
- Mon Feb 10, 2020 2:01 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Definitions (isochoric/isometric, isothermal, isobaric)
- Topic: Reversible and Isothermal
- Replies: 4
- Views: 278
Re: Reversible and Isothermal
also, for an isothermal reaction, is delta u equal to 0?
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 3:14 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Definitions (isochoric/isometric, isothermal, isobaric)
- Topic: irreversible vs reversible
- Replies: 3
- Views: 131
Re: irreversible vs reversible
This is a follow up question, but are isothermal processes always reversible and vice versa?
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 3:13 pm
- Forum: Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
- Topic: -qsystem=qsurroundings
- Replies: 2
- Views: 132
Re: -qsystem=qsurroundings
I agree with the previous response but also remember the equation qsystem +qsurroundings=0. If something is doing work, then q is negative, and vice versa if work is being done to the system.
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 3:10 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: Review Sheet
- Replies: 3
- Views: 262
Re: Review Sheet
I think you would use the formula q=mCdeltaT, making sure to convert g to mol. Doing so would use all the information given to you in the question. Once you solve for q which is the heat for .773 mol. You divide the q by that amount of mol to get the enthalpy of reaction which is in units of KJ/MOL.
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 3:00 pm
- Forum: Third Law of Thermodynamics (For a Unique Ground State (W=1): S -> 0 as T -> 0) and Calculations Using Boltzmann Equation for Entropy
- Topic: 4H.9
- Replies: 1
- Views: 128
Re: 4H.9
I think because the gas is monatomic, proportionally there are more particles in the container compared to if the container were to have a diatomic gas inside it. I think this is because a diatomic molecule is larger and occupies more space so the other diatomic molecules have less space to spread o...
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 2:51 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: Bond Enthalpies
- Replies: 4
- Views: 154
Re: Bond Enthalpies
I'm not sure if this is exactly what you are referring to but molecules in their most stable state, aka H2, 02 do not have bond enthalpies because they are in their most stable state, because it takes no energy to form a naturally-occuring compound that wants to be formed.
- Mon Jan 27, 2020 10:56 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: 9.27
- Replies: 4
- Views: 2860
Re: 9.27
This is just my thought process but I believe that HBr has higher entropy than HF because since F is the most electronegative atom it pulls all the electron towards it, so in that regard they are kind of concentrated/ordered in that area. Br, on the other hand, is not as electronegative as F and the...
- Mon Jan 27, 2020 10:53 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: Hess's Law
- Replies: 11
- Views: 404
Re: Hess's Law
Some additional important things to note are the following:
when you flip a reaction, you must flip the delta H.
when you multiply reactions by coefficients, you must also multiply the delta H by such value.
when you flip a reaction, you must flip the delta H.
when you multiply reactions by coefficients, you must also multiply the delta H by such value.
- Mon Jan 27, 2020 10:51 pm
- Forum: Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
- Topic: Calorimeter
- Replies: 7
- Views: 533
Re: Calorimeter
Additionally, there are differences in the types of calorimeters that are used. There are constant pressure calorimeters and constant volume calorimeters (also known as a bomb calorimeter). Constant pressure calorimetry does not have fixed volume while a bomb calorimeter does.
- Mon Jan 27, 2020 10:48 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: State functions
- Replies: 5
- Views: 270
Re: State functions
Examples of state functions are the following: Pressure, Density, Temperature, Volume, Enthalpy, internal energy, gibbs free energy, and entropy.
- Mon Jan 27, 2020 10:46 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: unknown constant
- Replies: 3
- Views: 106
Re: unknown constant
Just wanted to add, when doing these types of problems that you make sure you are using the proper units and canceling them out to get your final answer. Check as you go.
- Mon Jan 27, 2020 10:45 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Enthalpy and Heat
- Replies: 6
- Views: 227
Re: Enthalpy and Heat
enthalpy is the amount of total heat in the system. It can be associated with a particular process––such as formation, sublimation, vaporization. Also, keep in mind that enthalpy is a state function. Heat, on the other hand is a form of energy that can be transferred from one thing to another. Entha...
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:08 pm
- Forum: Student Social/Study Group
- Topic: Sapling Learning
- Replies: 4
- Views: 382
Re: Sapling Learning
I think that the sapling learning is helpful if you want to see what other kinds of problems can be asked regarding special topics. I also think that going to the workshops is super helpful.
- Thu Jan 23, 2020 10:04 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: What do we need to know about titrations?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 119
Re: What do we need to know about titrations?
I would say that it's important to just know how strong acids and bases interact and how weak acids and bases interact. Be able to complete the ICE table calculations. It's also important to know that a strong acid/base dissociates or protonates completely, and for a weak acid/base it does not.
- Mon Jan 20, 2020 4:36 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Percentage Protonation
- Replies: 1
- Views: 110
Re: Percentage Protonation
% protonation measures how much of the initial compound was protonated (aka gained an H, whereas deprotonation is the opposite, and how much the compound dissociated). The way you figure out % deprotonation/protonation is the same and you take the final amount of H+ or Oh- created and you divide it ...
- Mon Jan 20, 2020 4:33 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: pKa of conjugate acid relating to strength of base
- Replies: 2
- Views: 218
Re: pKa of conjugate acid relating to strength of base
remember that pka+pka= 14. we need the pkb values because the question asks us to arrange the BASES in order of strength based on the pkA values of their conjugate acids. the lower the pKa/pKb the stronger of an acid or a base it is. hope that helps you.
- Mon Jan 20, 2020 4:27 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Kw temperature
- Replies: 8
- Views: 188
Re: Kw temperature
this is related to K, but does the only way the equilibrium constant changes is with a change in temperature?
- Mon Jan 20, 2020 4:24 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 6.B.9
- Replies: 1
- Views: 76
Re: 6.B.9
yes pH can be negative and greater than 14, that just means it is super acidic or super basic.
- Mon Jan 20, 2020 4:24 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: Buffers
- Replies: 1
- Views: 146
Re: Buffers
a buffer consists of a weak acid or base and its conjugate acid/base. The purpose of a buffer is that its pH doesn't change when a strong acid or base is added to it. Essentially, a buffer resists changes.
- Mon Jan 20, 2020 4:22 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: Difference in PH between strong and weak acids
- Replies: 11
- Views: 577
Re: Difference in PH between strong and weak acids
remember that pH and H concentration are inverses, so something with a very high hydronium (h+) ion concentration, would be very acidic meaning that that its very low on the pH scale (lower is more acidic and basic is higher). So because of this logic, we know that a weak acid who has a low hydroniu...
- Fri Jan 17, 2020 4:08 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: Inert Gas does not change pressure?
- Replies: 7
- Views: 290
Re: Inert Gas does not change pressure?
I believe adding an inert gas does not alter the pressure in a rxn system, because the inert gas is not really reactive and does not participate in the reaction that is happening. But, what would happen if you added a reactant that did participate in the reaction, such as a non-inert gas?
- Fri Jan 17, 2020 4:06 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: Endothermic and exothermic reactions
- Replies: 11
- Views: 1122
Re: Endothermic and exothermic reactions
Because as you can see in the graph the energy of the products is higher than that of the reactants in an endothermic reaction than you know that you require heat to go to this higher energy state. On the other hand, in an exothermic reaction, you are going from a higher energy state to a lower ener...
- Fri Jan 17, 2020 4:03 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Kc & Kp
- Replies: 12
- Views: 362
Re: Kc & Kp
You can tell which one to use by what's given in the question; if the values are given in brackets, then you know the values are concentrations rather than partial pressures and you should use Kc.
- Fri Jan 17, 2020 4:01 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: ICE table
- Replies: 11
- Views: 408
Re: ICE table
The strong acids are:
HClO4
HCL
HBR
HI
HNO3
H2SO4
The strong bases are:
LiOH
NaOH
KOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
Ba(OH)2
---------
Everything else does not dissociate/ionize completely and is therefore a weak acid and/or a base.
HClO4
HCL
HBR
HI
HNO3
H2SO4
The strong bases are:
LiOH
NaOH
KOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
Ba(OH)2
---------
Everything else does not dissociate/ionize completely and is therefore a weak acid and/or a base.
- Mon Jan 13, 2020 10:54 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: volume and K value
- Replies: 3
- Views: 479
volume and K value
how does changing the volume affect the equilibrium constant? Say, for example the volume of the container in which the rxn is taking place is halved.
- Mon Jan 13, 2020 2:03 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Q=K
- Replies: 14
- Views: 693
Re: Q=K
Q is calculated the same way as k. If Q is less than K than the reaction proceeds forwards and vice versa if its the opposite.
- Mon Jan 13, 2020 2:02 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Equilibrium constant for water
- Replies: 3
- Views: 142
Re: Equilibrium constant for water
you omit the h20 from the expression because its liquid and also the concentration unchanged.
- Sun Jan 12, 2020 11:01 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Hw for next week
- Replies: 19
- Views: 858
Re: Hw for next week
As long as you do 5 per week, but make sure to do problems from different sections from the outline so that you get exposed to different types of questions and show that you have done the hw.
- Sun Jan 12, 2020 11:00 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Concentration
- Replies: 6
- Views: 257
Re: Concentration
concentration does have units, moles per liter, but equilibrium constant does not.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 2:10 pm
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: Understanding Q
- Replies: 13
- Views: 565
Re: Understanding Q
Yes you would also leave out solids and liquids because their concentrations do not change. Also just to refresh, Q is the reaction quotient when the reaction is NOT at equilibrium and if Q <K, reaction favors the forward direction, and if Q>K, then reaction favors the backwards direction, and if Q=...
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 2:08 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Module: Chemical Equilibrium Part 3
- Replies: 2
- Views: 72
Re: Module: Chemical Equilibrium Part 3
Typically a good rule of thumb is to always assume "x" is negligible when you have a cubic equation so that you can just solve a quadratic equation as normal.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 2:07 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Small K value and Large K value
- Replies: 10
- Views: 750
Re: Small K value and Large K value
Additionally, it's very rare that k=1 because that would mean that the two compounds which are different have the same stability.
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 2:06 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: Le Chatelier's Principle
- Replies: 3
- Views: 158
Re: Le Chatelier's Principle
For example, if you have a reaction and you want there to be more product to be made you can cause this to happen by removing some of the product, the reactions wants to be as stable as possible and it does so by creating more product to reach this sort of equilibrium state. As mentioned in lecture,...
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 2:05 pm
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: Solids and Liquids
- Replies: 7
- Views: 463
Re: Solids and Liquids
Solids and Liquids are left out when writing the equilibrium expressions because essentially their concentrations stay the same during the reaction. Also, pure substances such as pure liquids and pure solids are left out when writing equilibrium expressions because their concentrations can't change....
- Wed Jan 08, 2020 1:59 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Concentrations at Equilibrium
- Replies: 6
- Views: 253
Re: Concentrations at Equilibrium
Essentially equilibrium concentrations are the concentrations that you determine using the ice table.
- Tue Jan 07, 2020 10:42 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Q vs K
- Replies: 13
- Views: 515
Re: Q vs K
Yes, as mentioned above Q is not the same as K. Q is the reaction quotient and K is when the chemical reaction is at equilibrium ONLY. If q is less than K, then the reaction will proceed to the right and if q is greater than K then the reaction will proceed to the left.
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 3:41 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Polarity for a trigonal planar molecule
- Replies: 2
- Views: 188
Re: Polarity for a trigonal planar molecule
I am wondering if it is because the H that is attached to one of the O, so then the dipoles wouldn't cancel?
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 3:40 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Polarity for a trigonal planar molecule
- Replies: 2
- Views: 188
Polarity for a trigonal planar molecule
I had a question regarding a question about HNO3, When I drew the lewis structure I got that it is a trigonal planar structure, and the N is sp2 hybridized. Because all the atoms attached to the N are the same (they are all O), and the structure is trigonal planar, I thought that that the molecule o...
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 12:58 am
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Pi bonds
- Replies: 1
- Views: 115
Re: Pi bonds
pi orbitals are also involved in the mixing of orbitals that occurs when the creation of hybridized orbitals happen. It is important to note that a pi bond occurs between two overlapping p-bonds, and no s-bonds, to my knowledge, are involved in pi bonds. So, for example a pi bond between two carbons...
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 12:55 am
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: monodentate vs bidentate
- Replies: 1
- Views: 168
Re: monodentate vs bidentate
I think a good way to go about these problems when you are trying to see what kind of polydentate a particular ligand is, is to first draw the lewis structure. If you see that the two attachments are on roughly the same side, then it can be bidentate, etc.. If you can visualize the ligand acting as ...
- Thu Dec 05, 2019 12:51 am
- Forum: Bronsted Acids & Bases
- Topic: Relative strength of base?
- Replies: 3
- Views: 251
Re: Relative strength of base?
Yes you would look at the same characteristics to determine the strength of a base. Essentially a stronger base, wants to accept a proton easier, and will give off more hydroxide ion.
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 11:31 pm
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: hemoglobin and myoglobin
- Replies: 3
- Views: 448
hemoglobin and myoglobin
what is the difference in the chemical structures of hemoglobin and myoglobin? Both consist of the same heme complex and a binded protein correct?
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:57 pm
- Forum: Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
- Topic: Classifying Salts
- Replies: 5
- Views: 350
Re: Classifying Salts
Seeing if OH- or H+ ion is produced is a way to see if the salt given will act as an acid or a base in water. You must write out the reaction in order to see this.
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:55 pm
- Forum: Polyprotic Acids & Bases
- Topic: How can you tell
- Replies: 18
- Views: 1068
Re: How can you tell
Are polyprotic acids stronger or weaker with the more hydrogens that they have? I thought that if something has multiple hydrogens it is more likely to give off a proton, therefore dissociates more, and is therefore stronger of an acid.
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:54 pm
- Forum: Air Pollution & Acid Rain
- Topic: Final
- Replies: 8
- Views: 1189
Re: Final
Where can I find the acid rain problems in the textbook?
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:53 pm
- Forum: Air Pollution & Acid Rain
- Topic: Options to Reduce Acid Rain
- Replies: 2
- Views: 484
Re: Options to Reduce Acid Rain
Potential options to reduce acid rain are the following--> reducing the use of fossil fuels (i.e. burning of coal), using renewable energy sources, coal burning plants, etc. Keep in mind that acid rain can be neutralized if it reacts with something that is more alkaline (closer to the very basic sid...
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:50 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: polarity of shapes
- Replies: 3
- Views: 429
Re: polarity of shapes
Also, remember that typically shapes that have lone pairs are usually always polar even if all the attached atoms are the same; however AX4E2, square planar, is an exception to that rule because it becomes nonpolar because the dipole moments cancel. You can see this if you draw the 3-D shape.
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:49 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Rotation and Ligands
- Replies: 1
- Views: 128
Rotation and Ligands
I remember in lecture that the most stable configuration for a ligand was LP-SPACER-SPACER-LP. But i was wondering if it's more stable/better for a ligand to have only sigma bonds (to allow for rotation?) or is pi bonds just as stable?
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:47 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Ligands and lone pairs?
- Replies: 2
- Views: 130
Re: Ligands and lone pairs?
how do you determine if a ligand is polydentate? i.e. if it is monodentate, bidentate, polydentate? Do you look at how many lone pairs it has (i.e. that function as bonding sites?). Also, when a ligand bonds to an atom, if it has multiple attachments (i.e. its polydentate), can it only bind on the s...
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:45 pm
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Bis, Tris, Tetrakis, Pentakis
- Replies: 3
- Views: 464
Re: Bis, Tris, Tetrakis, Pentakis
would someone be able to provide examples of when you would use these examples? I understand the concept but I actually haven't seen any problems in the HW or have come across any problems that deal with this...
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:43 pm
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: photons
- Replies: 3
- Views: 270
Re: photons
Yes, as mentioned above intensity is NOT the determining factor as to whether or not electrons will be ejected from a given material, but it is rather the frequency as the frequency is the determinant of whether or not the threshold energy, or the work function will be met which is needed to eject e...
- Tue Dec 03, 2019 10:41 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: hybridization of lone pairs
- Replies: 2
- Views: 173
hybridization of lone pairs
I am a bit unclear on how to determine the hybridization of lone pairs in a given structure. For instance, in formic acid, I understand the hybridization of all the bonds, such as the C-H bond is sigma and is (H1S, C2SP2), but why is the lone pair on the oxygen that is in between the C and the H hav...
- Sat Nov 30, 2019 8:57 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Why is CBr2Cl2 polar?
- Replies: 7
- Views: 896
Re: Why is CBr2Cl2 polar?
if all the atoms attached to the central are not the same, then the molecule is polar. As you can see in the tetrahedral diagram, the differing attaching atoms creates dipole moments, resulting in the atom being polar as a whole.
- Sat Nov 30, 2019 8:53 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: en and edta
- Replies: 2
- Views: 147
Re: en and edta
en = Ethylenediamine (abbreviated as en when a ligand) is C2H4(NH2)2. (first photo shown)
edta= Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; C10H16N2O8
edta= Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; C10H16N2O8
- Sat Nov 30, 2019 8:50 pm
- Forum: Calculating pH or pOH for Strong & Weak Acids & Bases
- Topic: strong or weak base?
- Replies: 13
- Views: 922
Re: strong or weak base?
the weaker the bond between the atoms in the acid, the stronger of an acid it is because that means it dissociates easier. If you have a stronger bond between the atoms, you would then have a weaker acid because that acidic compound is less likely to dissociate completely. When looking at the relati...
- Sat Nov 30, 2019 8:46 pm
- Forum: Calculating pH or pOH for Strong & Weak Acids & Bases
- Topic: pH and a calculator
- Replies: 3
- Views: 350
Re: pH and a calculator
make sure you are putting adequate parenthesis.
- Sat Nov 30, 2019 8:44 pm
- Forum: Amphoteric Compounds
- Topic: determining if compounds are acids, bases, or amphoteric
- Replies: 3
- Views: 307
determining if compounds are acids, bases, or amphoteric
is the only way to determine if compounds are acids, bases, or amphoteric is if you draw the lewis structure for them and see if they give off or accept a lone pair? or is there another way to do so?
- Sun Nov 24, 2019 11:23 pm
- Forum: Naming
- Topic: Roman numerals
- Replies: 6
- Views: 400
Re: Roman numerals
When it is a transition metal, because the oxidation number can change. So, denoting the oxidation number through roman numerals and parentheses is necessary to denote exactly what compound you are talking about.
- Sun Nov 24, 2019 11:22 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Cisplatin and Transplatin
- Replies: 2
- Views: 173
Re: Cisplatin and Transplatin
Cisplatin has the Cl atoms on the same side while trans-diamine dichloro-platinum (ii) has them located on opposite, or diagonal sides from one another. Cisplatin is a well-known chemotherapy drug that works by forming a coordinate compound with DNA. Cisplatin binds to the exposed N in guananine and...
- Sun Nov 24, 2019 11:20 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Difference Between TM complex and organometallic complex
- Replies: 1
- Views: 94
Re: Difference Between TM complex and organometallic complex
TM complex --> transition metal --bond with ions or molecules linked
organometallic complex--> compounds with carbon-metal bond
organometallic complex--> compounds with carbon-metal bond
- Sun Nov 24, 2019 11:18 pm
- Forum: Biological Examples
- Topic: biological functions
- Replies: 1
- Views: 140
Re: biological functions
I think so yes,
Cr--> assists insulin in control of blood sugar
Fe--> myoglobin, hemoglobin, electron transfer in the oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins, fats (respiratory chain)
Co--> vitamin B12
Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn--> critical for enzyme function
Cr--> assists insulin in control of blood sugar
Fe--> myoglobin, hemoglobin, electron transfer in the oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins, fats (respiratory chain)
Co--> vitamin B12
Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn--> critical for enzyme function
- Sun Nov 24, 2019 11:17 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: chelating compounds
- Replies: 1
- Views: 72
chelating compounds
when determining what can form a chelating complex, should the lone pairs be as close to one another as possible so that way it can attach to the atom on the same side? do the attachments have to happen on the same side of the atom always?
- Sun Nov 24, 2019 11:15 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Ligands
- Replies: 4
- Views: 262
Re: Ligands
how do you determine the number of dentate sites on a ligand?
- Thu Nov 21, 2019 11:59 am
- Forum: Electronegativity
- Topic: Determining Polarity
- Replies: 4
- Views: 2243
Determining Polarity
Is CH2I2 polar or nonpolar?
- Thu Nov 21, 2019 10:23 am
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Polar or nonpolar
- Replies: 8
- Views: 586
Re: Polar or nonpolar
Is CH2I2 polar or nonpolar? the lewis structure has the I atoms opposite from each other and the H atoms opposite from each other.
- Thu Nov 21, 2019 9:57 am
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Homework 3F3
- Replies: 5
- Views: 356
Re: Homework 3F3
Would CH2I2 be polar or nonpolar? if the picture in the problem has the I opposite from one another.
- Thu Nov 21, 2019 9:55 am
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Polarity and Number of Bonds
- Replies: 3
- Views: 224
Re: Polarity and Number of Bonds
this is a question about polarity: but just wondering would CH2I2 be a polar or nonpolar molecule?
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 5:01 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Bond Angles in Square Pyramidal and T-Shaped
- Replies: 4
- Views: 308
Re: Bond Angles in Square Pyramidal and T-Shaped
I thought T-shaped had more than one bond angle does it not?
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 5:00 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Molecular Shape vs. Geometry
- Replies: 5
- Views: 352
Re: Molecular Shape vs. Geometry
you can think of molecular geometry as the actual (bonded vs lone pairs) and the electron geometry as the "parent" structure, so if its AX4E2, it would be octahedral, and the molecular geometry would be square planar.
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 4:57 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Boiling Point
- Replies: 7
- Views: 598
Re: Boiling Point
what is an acceptable justification to the question--why does X compound have a higher boiling point?
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 4:56 pm
- Forum: Polarisability of Anions, The Polarizing Power of Cations
- Topic: polarizability
- Replies: 9
- Views: 838
Re: polarizability
does the bigger the atom mean the stronger the ldf and dipole-dipole forces?
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 4:53 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: 3F.19
- Replies: 5
- Views: 474
Re: 3F.19
doesn't the strength of london disperson forces take priority over dipole-dipole forces when determining which compound has a higher boiling point?
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 4:52 pm
- Forum: Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
- Topic: Boiling Point
- Replies: 7
- Views: 598
Re: Boiling Point
if something had hydrogen bonding, it would have a high boiling point correct?
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 4:50 pm
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: 3F.5
- Replies: 2
- Views: 124
Re: 3F.5
CHI3 has a higher boiling point because it has stronger/more london dispersion forces. Although F is more electronegative than I, the strength of london disperson forces takes precedence when comparing boiling, melting, freezing points, and etc. Because I is a bigger atom than F, it has more surface...
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 4:46 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: T-Shaped ??
- Replies: 9
- Views: 802
Re: T-Shaped ??
What are the bond angles for T-shaped?