https://chem.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/128300/clipboard_e26a57bebc918920030b137efb13b763a.png?revision=1
That link leads to an image which explains the differences of both cells on a diagram. Hope it helps :)
Search found 115 matches
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 8:30 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Galvanic vs Electrolytic cells
- Replies: 6
- Views: 560
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 8:25 pm
- Forum: Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
- Topic: Steady State
- Replies: 2
- Views: 218
Re: Steady State
I believe that we will be predominantly using the pre-equilibrium method judging by the homework problems.
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 8:23 pm
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Bond Forming
- Replies: 8
- Views: 589
Re: Bond Forming
When they touch together, they technically are binding together with weak, longer bonds, but these can sometimes be broken up. When colliding with a higher activation energy, the bonds become stronger, and fusion can occur.
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 8:21 pm
- Forum: Arrhenius Equation, Activation Energies, Catalysts
- Topic: Kinetic Control
- Replies: 1
- Views: 186
Kinetic Control
Why is it that kinetic control predominates at low temperatures and that the reaction pathway with the lower activation energy will predominate at low temperature?
- Fri Mar 13, 2020 8:17 pm
- Forum: *Organic Reaction Mechanisms in General
- Topic: 7B.17
- Replies: 1
- Views: 789
7B.17
How is the reaction in part B second order? The answer key says it is. 7B.17 Calculate the time required for each of the following second-order reactions to take place: (a) 2 A -> B + C, for the concentration of A to decrease from 0.10 mol*L21 to 0.080 mol*L21, given that kr 5 0.015 L*mol^-1* min^2 ...
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 5:53 pm
- Forum: First Order Reactions
- Topic: first order reactions
- Replies: 2
- Views: 256
Re: first order reactions
The rate of formation requires one molecule of the atom versus the rate of formation requiring two molecules of the atom colliding at the same instant for a second order. The exponents of the rate laws will tell you if it is first, second, or zero order.
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 5:52 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Inert electrode
- Replies: 9
- Views: 598
Re: Inert electrode
When there is not a solid substance in the cell diagram.
- Fri Mar 06, 2020 5:49 pm
- Forum: Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
- Topic: Rate of reaction
- Replies: 3
- Views: 343
Rate of reaction
When do you place the products in the rate of reaction as the denominator versus when you only place the reactants for the rate of reaction. In the homework problems for 7A, you see the reactants only written in the rate laws, but in the textbook, the rate laws also include products as denominators....
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 10:40 pm
- Forum: Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
- Topic: pH and Oxidizing Strength
- Replies: 3
- Views: 303
pH and Oxidizing Strength
How would the pH affect the oxidizing strength of a compound? Like in the problem below: 6.44 State how the oxidizing strength of each of the following oxidizing agents would be affected by raising the pH (stronger, weaker, or no change): (a) Br2; (b) MnO42; (c) NO32; (d) ClO42; (e) Cu21. Justify yo...
- Mon Mar 02, 2020 8:49 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: EMF
- Replies: 1
- Views: 177
EMF
What is emf and why does it represent the maximum potential difference?
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 5:13 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: Calculating Q
- Replies: 3
- Views: 329
Calculating Q
What is the formula for calculating Q for these problems?
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 5:12 pm
- Forum: Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
- Topic: Corrosion
- Replies: 5
- Views: 425
Corrosion
Is corrosion going to be on the test? I do not recall going over it in class.
Also, if it is, can someone explain what occurs in this process?
Also, if it is, can someone explain what occurs in this process?
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 5:11 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Galvanic and Voltaic Cells
- Replies: 1
- Views: 244
Galvanic and Voltaic Cells
Can someone explain what occurs in galvanic and voltaic cells?
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 5:11 pm
- Forum: Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
- Topic: Cell Diagrams
- Replies: 6
- Views: 451
Cell Diagrams
Do we have to be able to draw out cell diagrams on the test?
- Sun Mar 01, 2020 5:10 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Anode and Cathode
- Replies: 8
- Views: 563
Re: Anode and Cathode
If not given which is which, we can tell through whether half-reaction is reduced or oxidized. This can be told through the greater electric standard potential of the reaction, the greater or more positive standard electric potential is the reduction reaction and the other is the oxidation reaction....
- Thu Feb 20, 2020 4:33 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: oxidation numbers
- Replies: 8
- Views: 587
Re: oxidation numbers
The net charge is the oxidation number of the element multiplied by the amount of that element available. Therefore the oxidation number is not necessarily the charge, but it can be utilized to find the charge.
- Thu Feb 20, 2020 4:31 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: Test 2 [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 12
- Views: 733
Re: Test 2 [ENDORSED]
Maya Beal Dis 1D wrote:Does this mean that material covered before the midterm will not be on test 2 at all?
Test 2 mainly focuses on the material after the midterm, so I doubt that there will be any prior material added to it.
- Thu Feb 20, 2020 4:31 pm
- Forum: Balancing Redox Reactions
- Topic: oxidation numbers
- Replies: 3
- Views: 253
Re: oxidation numbers
Yes, an increase in the oxidation number of an element can be more commonly defined as reduction.
- Wed Feb 19, 2020 6:12 pm
- Forum: Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
- Topic: 5J.15
- Replies: 1
- Views: 338
5J.15
5J.15 Calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 8C and at 150 8C for each of the following reactions, using data available in Appendix 2A: (a) NH4Cl(s) ∆ NH3(g) 1 HCl(g) (b) H2(g) 1 D2O(l) ∆ D2(g) 1 H2O(l) In the question above, how would you use the method described in the textbook of with the equat...
- Wed Feb 19, 2020 6:09 pm
- Forum: Entropy Changes Due to Changes in Volume and Temperature
- Topic: converting T to kelvin
- Replies: 46
- Views: 3531
Re: converting T to kelvin
It usually depends on the units of Rydberg's constant as well. If you want to use an equation where Rydberg's constant is in K, which in most equations it is, make sure to convert, if not, then there is no need to convert. Therefore, always look at the units of Rydberg's constant, this is why is is ...
- Wed Feb 12, 2020 3:29 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Entropy of the System for irreversible expansions
- Replies: 8
- Views: 559
Re: Entropy of the System for irreversible expansions
Also,
When is the change in internal energy zero for an irreversible expansion?
When is the change in internal energy zero for an irreversible expansion?
- Tue Feb 11, 2020 9:23 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Systems (Open, Closed, Isolated)
- Topic: Intensive and Extensive Properties
- Replies: 8
- Views: 1885
Intensive and Extensive Properties
What are intensive and extensive properties? I know we touched on them during class and in Lyndon's review session, but can someone please state examples of them?
- Tue Feb 11, 2020 9:21 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: Fusion = Melting?
- Replies: 7
- Views: 1027
Fusion = Melting?
Is fusion the same as melting? I am confused, are they synonyms of one another or antonyms?
- Tue Feb 11, 2020 9:19 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Entropy of the System for irreversible expansions
- Replies: 8
- Views: 559
Entropy of the System for irreversible expansions
What is the difference between the change in entropy for a reversible isothermal expansion vs an irreversible expansion? Are they exactly the same?
- Tue Feb 11, 2020 9:17 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: q to delta H
- Replies: 1
- Views: 176
q to delta H
How does q(rev) become enthalpy in Lavelle's lecture? I recall the notes and have them written down, but does it not state that heat must be at constant pressure to be the same as the change in enthalpy of the system? A reversible isothermal expansion has a changing pressure.
- Tue Feb 11, 2020 9:15 pm
- Forum: Environment, Fossil Fuels, Alternative Fuels
- Topic: Environment and Fossil Fuels [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 2
- Views: 1098
Environment and Fossil Fuels [ENDORSED]
What are the effects of fossil fuels on the environment in terms of the laws of thermodynamics?
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 5:22 pm
- Forum: Entropy Changes Due to Changes in Volume and Temperature
- Topic: Entropy Changes
- Replies: 2
- Views: 64
Re: Entropy Changes
The temperature, state of matter, and volume all can shift the chemical anatomy of a molecule. This shift in positionally allows for the molecule to have a higher or lower chance of disorganization and thus increasing or decreasing the entropy of the system.
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 1:02 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Fall Quarter Final?
- Replies: 12
- Views: 836
Re: Fall Quarter Final?
Are the final exams still there in Young Hall? And if they are not there, where would they be now?
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 1:00 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Definitions (isochoric/isometric, isothermal, isobaric)
- Topic: ∆U When ∆T = 0
- Replies: 5
- Views: 379
Re: ∆U When ∆T = 0
Since there is no change in the temperature of the system, there is essentially no change in the internal energy of the system as well.
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 12:58 pm
- Forum: Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
- Topic: Isothermal Process Slow Expansion
- Replies: 2
- Views: 270
Re: Isothermal Process Slow Expansion
Isothermal processes are at constant temperature so there is no heat being added or removed from the system. Therefore, the internal energy of the system does not change and then q = -w
- Thu Feb 06, 2020 12:56 pm
- Forum: Phase Changes & Related Calculations
- Topic: about system and surroundings
- Replies: 8
- Views: 375
Re: about system and surroundings
805097738 wrote:so the surrounding is the universe?
Essentially yes, the surrounding can be the universe. However the system is what we are specifically observing in the universe.
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 2:58 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Systems (Open, Closed, Isolated)
- Topic: State Property
- Replies: 6
- Views: 260
Re: State Property
State property as there can be a change in U with Ufinal-Uinitial
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 2:56 pm
- Forum: Calculating Work of Expansion
- Topic: expansion vs nonexpansion
- Replies: 5
- Views: 229
Re: expansion vs nonexpansion
Expansion work is when pressure is applied to the object
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 2:55 pm
- Forum: Thermodynamic Systems (Open, Closed, Isolated)
- Topic: 4A.1
- Replies: 12
- Views: 517
Re: 4A.1
A closed system can exchange energy with its surroundings, however, an isolated is unable to exchange energy (nor matter) with its surroundings.
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 2:54 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Lewis acid and bases
- Replies: 5
- Views: 412
Re: Lewis acid and bases
A Lewis acid is a proton donor while a Lewis base is a proton acceptor.
- Wed Jan 29, 2020 2:52 pm
- Forum: Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
- Topic: Work
- Replies: 2
- Views: 138
Re: Work
irreversible work has a constant pressure so you can simply take it out of the integral However, reversible work can have a changing pressure, thus the equation changes as both work and the volume change. We must then define pressure in the changing factors it has of nRT, where temperature or the mo...
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:26 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: ice box
- Replies: 4
- Views: 122
Re: ice box
If the stoichiometric coefficients differ from one or there is a pure substance (you would do nothing)
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:25 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: ICE table
- Replies: 5
- Views: 234
Re: ICE table
You look at the number of moles in addition to the concentrations. If there are 2 moles of a substance, then you need to multiply the "X" value by that number of moles - which is 2 in this case.
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:22 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Gases (units based on K)
- Replies: 2
- Views: 74
Re: Gases (units based on K)
Use whichever is more convenient to you, if the question does not ask for an explicit type of equilibrium constant.
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:20 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5% approximation rule
- Replies: 5
- Views: 192
Re: 5% approximation rule
Anything less than 10^-3 is a valid use of approximation if the percent ionization/protonization/deprotonization is less than 5%.
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:19 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: H2O in K Expressions
- Replies: 6
- Views: 326
Re: H2O in K Expressions
Yes, pure substances are the only forms of a substance which are not included in the equilibrium constant. Gases and aqueous solutions are not pure substances.
- Tue Jan 21, 2020 4:16 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Gas Constant (R)
- Replies: 3
- Views: 117
Re: Gas Constant (R)
The gas constants are different because they are in different units. When given gas constants, typically utilize the one in which you have the units for.
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 11:47 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Combing kA and kB
- Replies: 2
- Views: 164
Re: Combing kA and kB
Kw is essentially the Hydronium Ion Concentration times the Hydroxide Ion Concentration. The Ka and Kb values determine involve these concentrations in their products for weak acids and weak bases. Therefore, when the conjugate base or acid pair's K values are multiplied, they cancel out everything ...
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 11:45 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Stability and K
- Replies: 2
- Views: 125
Re: Stability and K
A smaller K value generally means that the reactants are in favor with the products. If a K value is too large, that means the products are too favored and the reaction needs to keep on going forward to reach an equilibrium state and this makes it harder for it to shift back and forth.
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 11:43 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: acidity and basicity constant
- Replies: 4
- Views: 206
Re: acidity and basicity constant
They are all equilibrium constants. The only reason that they have different names is to specify what they are determining. Kp is the partial pressure, Kw is the neutral water, Kc is the concentration, Ka is the weak acid, etc.
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 10:07 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5 percent rule
- Replies: 10
- Views: 538
Re: 5 percent rule
If the percent deprotonization or percent protonization is less than 5%, then the x value is valid. If it is not, then the quadratic formula is required and an estimate is not a safe approximation for the reaction.
- Thu Jan 16, 2020 9:17 pm
- Forum: General Science Questions
- Topic: Test 1 [ENDORSED]
- Replies: 13
- Views: 500
Re: Test 1 [ENDORSED]
Test 1 begins January 21st.
The topics that are going to be covered are Acids and Bases and Chemical Equilibrium.
The topics that are going to be covered are Acids and Bases and Chemical Equilibrium.
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:21 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: solids and liquids
- Replies: 6
- Views: 221
Re: solids and liquids
Solids and liquids are pure substances and therefore do not have concentrations or pressures.
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:20 pm
- Forum: Ideal Gases
- Topic: Solving for K (coefficients)
- Replies: 11
- Views: 581
Re: Solving for K (coefficients)
The stoichiometric coefficients are the powers that the concentration or pressure of the product or reactant are raised to.
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:19 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: Values of K
- Replies: 3
- Views: 213
Re: Values of K
If K is small (K < 10^-3), then there are more reactants at equilibrium and it sits to the left.
If K is large (K>10^3), then there are more products at equilibrium and it sits to the right.
If K is 1 (which is rare), then neither side is favored.
If K is large (K>10^3), then there are more products at equilibrium and it sits to the right.
If K is 1 (which is rare), then neither side is favored.
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:15 pm
- Forum: Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
- Topic: 5G.11
- Replies: 4
- Views: 198
Re: 5G.11
Solids and liquids are not included in the reaction quotient since they are pure substances and do not have pressures/concentrations.
- Thu Jan 09, 2020 6:14 pm
- Forum: Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
- Topic: Chemical Activity of a Compound
- Replies: 5
- Views: 151
Re: Chemical Activity of a Compound
Angela Patel 2J wrote:What is chemical activity?
Chemical activity is a unit of measurement. It measures the effective concentration of an element in a mixture. It determines the real chemical potential for a real solution rather than an ideal solution.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 1:01 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Donating Proton vs Accepting Electron
- Replies: 4
- Views: 293
Donating Proton vs Accepting Electron
What is the difference between donating a proton vs accepting an electron?
I know this defines the difference between Lewis acids and bases and Bronsted acids and bases, but what is the difference conceptually?
I know this defines the difference between Lewis acids and bases and Bronsted acids and bases, but what is the difference conceptually?
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:42 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: acid v. base?
- Replies: 16
- Views: 962
Re: acid v. base?
Lewis acids also typically have a hydrogen ion in front of the name of the molecule. For instance, HCl or HBr.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:40 pm
- Forum: Properties & Structures of Inorganic & Organic Acids
- Topic: Strong vs Weak Acids
- Replies: 7
- Views: 539
Re: Strong vs Weak Acids
Strong acid: almost all the molecules are deprotonated in the solution
Weak acid: only a small fraction of the molecules or ions are deprotonated in the solution.
Weak acid: only a small fraction of the molecules or ions are deprotonated in the solution.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:36 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: Midterm Problem
- Replies: 4
- Views: 516
Re: Midterm Problem
The ground state generally refers to the ion that is named. Therefore, when calcium ion is given, we write the electron configuration of Ca 2+. For future problems, typically refer to the ion or atom stated in the question.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:33 pm
- Forum: Lewis Acids & Bases
- Topic: Neutralization Reactions
- Replies: 2
- Views: 511
Re: Neutralization Reactions
To balance the equations we look at the charges of each ion and use multiples of those ions to make their charges cancel each other out.
For example, since calcium has a (+2) charge and the anion has a (-3) charge, we have 3 Ca and 2 of the anion.
For example, since calcium has a (+2) charge and the anion has a (-3) charge, we have 3 Ca and 2 of the anion.
- Sun Dec 01, 2019 12:30 pm
- Forum: Amphoteric Compounds
- Topic: Amphiprotic
- Replies: 11
- Views: 614
Re: Amphiprotic
Jade Hinds 3G wrote:Amphiprotic= a substance that can both accept and donate a proton (has characteristics of both an acid and a base)
amphiprotic vs. amphoteric:
-a substance is amphoteric when its reaction acts as an acid and as a base
-amphiprotic only applies to protic compounds
What are protic compounds?
- Fri Nov 22, 2019 5:10 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: transition metals
- Replies: 3
- Views: 257
Re: transition metals
The many oxidation states allow them to transfer electrons more easily as the difference in energy between the oxidation states is not too high.
- Fri Nov 22, 2019 5:09 pm
- Forum: Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
- Topic: Naming
- Replies: 1
- Views: 174
Re: Naming
To name a coordination compound you follow the following format: Cation first so ... Greek Prefix - Ligands (the names in alphabetical order) - TM Cation Name - Roman Numeral The prefixes to indicate the ligand names are mono-, di-, tri-, penta-, hexa-, etc Anion second ... The anion has an -o at th...
- Wed Nov 20, 2019 9:22 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Polarity and Number of Bonds
- Replies: 3
- Views: 223
Polarity and Number of Bonds
If one atom of a molecule that has the same number of atoms all around has a double bond or more, does it have a larger dipole moment, making the molecule polar? For instance, NO3-? I understand NO3 is an atom, but generally speaking, does the double bond on one of the oxygen atoms make the whole mo...
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 10:18 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
- Replies: 53
- Views: 5963
Re: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
For question 2(b) we are asked to determine the hybridization for the carbon atom in HCOOH. How would one solve this?
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 10:09 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
- Replies: 53
- Views: 5963
Re: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
Could someone please explain how to solve the first problem in Worksheet 6? The problem asks... For the following nitrogen oxide compounds: a. Draw the most stable lewis structure. b. Determine the shape. c. Determine whether the compound is polar or nonpolar. Nitric Oxide (NO) Nitrogen Dioxide ( NO...
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:35 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Trigonal Bipyramidal
- Replies: 5
- Views: 175
Re: Trigonal Bipyramidal
Yep, electron arrangement is only determined using the # of regions of electron density, while the molecule's shape is determined using the actual number of lone pairs and bond pairs. This means that molecules with different shapes (and different formulas, ex: AX4E for SF4) can have the same electr...
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:33 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: AXE formula
- Replies: 9
- Views: 568
Re: AXE formula
Being the central atom, A, does not have subscripts. We look at the shapes of molecules using the central atom and the atoms that it is bonded to. No shape will have an A with a subscript.
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:31 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Stability of bonds
- Replies: 3
- Views: 132
Stability of bonds
Why is a sigma bond more stable than a pi bond?
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:28 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Hybridization, Shape, and Electron Density
- Replies: 2
- Views: 210
Re: Hybridization, Shape, and Electron Density
Or more specifically, the regions of electron density can help determine the number of hybrid orbitals.
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:22 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Hybridization, Shape, and Electron Density
- Replies: 2
- Views: 210
Re: Hybridization, Shape, and Electron Density
Correct, the atoms in the molecule determine the shape of it. The regions of electron density help us identify its hybridization.
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:21 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Energy in Hybridization
- Replies: 3
- Views: 224
Energy in Hybridization
In the lecture today, Doctor Lavelle mentioned energy increasing in hybridization. Does the energy of the molecule increase when we hybridize it or is there a required energy input into the molecule required for hybridization to occur?
- Mon Nov 18, 2019 9:19 pm
- Forum: Hybridization
- Topic: Hybridization
- Replies: 4
- Views: 165
Hybridization
When do we hybridize a molecule? Are all molecules from now on going to contain hybridized bonds?
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:53 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: arrangment and strength of IMFS
- Replies: 4
- Views: 235
Re: arrangment and strength of IMFS
Additionally, molecules with greater surface area allow for stronger intermolecular forces.
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:51 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: arrangment and strength of IMFS
- Replies: 4
- Views: 235
Re: arrangment and strength of IMFS
The arrangement influences how close one atom can get to another atom. The amount of bonds the central atom has also affects how likely it is to interact with other atoms or molecules.
- Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:46 pm
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Question 2.E.7
- Replies: 3
- Views: 221
Question 2.E.7
How can you calculate the bond angle values for part (c) of the question? The question is stated below. (a) What is the shape of a thionyl chloride molecule, SOCl2? Sulfur is the central atom. (b) How many different OSCl bond angles are there in this molecule? (c) What values are expected for the OS...
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 9:04 am
- Forum: Lewis Structures
- Topic: Midterm grades
- Replies: 26
- Views: 1447
Re: Midterm grades
Doctor Lavelle said that it would take at least a week to grade the midterms due to the vast amount of students in the class and partial credit grading system.
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 9:03 am
- Forum: Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
- Topic: Polar v. Nonpolar
- Replies: 11
- Views: 2127
Re: Polar v. Nonpolar
A trick for finding nonpolar bonds are diatomic molecules. Since the electronegativity difference is zero between two of the same atom, the bonds are nonpolar and the electrons are equally shared between the two atoms.
- Fri Nov 08, 2019 9:01 am
- Forum: Dipole Moments
- Topic: Drawing Unpaired Electrons
- Replies: 7
- Views: 353
Re: Drawing Unpaired Electrons
Always draw lone pair electrons. Question 2a) did not draw them because all the electrons were properly bonded.
- Tue Nov 05, 2019 6:25 pm
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: de Broglie threshold
- Replies: 4
- Views: 365
de Broglie threshold
At what threshold or maximum value can wavelike properties not be detected anymore?
- Tue Nov 05, 2019 6:23 pm
- Forum: DeBroglie Equation
- Topic: De Broglie Wavelength
- Replies: 23
- Views: 3441
Re: De Broglie Wavelength
At what de Broglie wavelength can the wavelike properties be detected?
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 9:01 pm
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
- Replies: 53
- Views: 5963
Re: KAREN SUN 5-7PM WORKSHOP - DOWNLAOD WORKSHEETS HERE
If a certain frequency of radiation is not ejecting electrons from the surface of a metal, is it possible to eject electrons by increasing the intensity of the incident radiation? How would we solve a question such as the question stated above? Does the intensity refer to the wavelength of the radia...
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 11:57 am
- Forum: Electronegativity
- Topic: Electronegativity Correlations
- Replies: 3
- Views: 188
Re: Electronegativity Correlations
Correct, the electronegativity increases to the right and up on the Periodic Table - so do ionization energy and electron affinity.
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 11:55 am
- Forum: Ionic & Covalent Bonds
- Topic: Drawing Ionic Compunds
- Replies: 7
- Views: 585
Re: Drawing Ionic Compunds
Ionic compounds are drawn through their Lewis Structures with a bracket around the entire structure and the charge on the top right corner.
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 11:53 am
- Forum: Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
- Topic: Homework before midterm
- Replies: 3
- Views: 182
Re: Homework before midterm
Karyn How 1J wrote:For this week’s homework, I would just do it on chemical bonds outline just to be safe since that’s what we are currently learning.
I agree, it would be safer to do some problems from the Chemical Bonds section to turn in.
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 11:52 am
- Forum: Sigma & Pi Bonds
- Topic: Sigma and Pi Bonds
- Replies: 3
- Views: 245
Re: Sigma and Pi Bonds
The Sigma and Pi bonds will not be on the exam. They are chemistry topics that we will learn later on.
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 9:49 am
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: Ions for the Midterm
- Replies: 3
- Views: 216
Ions for the Midterm
Do we need to know ions like those in question 2C for the midterm on Wednesday? The question 2C states: Draw the Lewis structure, including typical contributions to the resonance structure (where appropriate, allow for the possibility of octet expansion, including double bonds in different positions...
- Sun Nov 03, 2019 9:47 am
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: Question 2.C.3.c
- Replies: 2
- Views: 110
Re: Question 2.C.3.c
Thank you
- Fri Nov 01, 2019 11:05 pm
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: Question 2.C.3.c
- Replies: 2
- Views: 110
Question 2.C.3.c
The question 2C states: Draw the Lewis structure, including typical contributions to the resonance structure (where appropriate, allow for the possibility of octet expansion, including double bonds in different positions), for (a) periodate ion; (b) hydrogen phosphate ion; (c) chloric acid; (d) arse...
- Fri Nov 01, 2019 10:52 pm
- Forum: Bond Lengths & Energies
- Topic: Question 2.C.3.b
- Replies: 2
- Views: 122
Question 2.C.3.b
The question 2C states: Draw the Lewis structure, including typical contributions to the resonance structure (where appropriate, allow for the possibility of octet expansion, including double bonds in different positions), for (a) periodate ion; (b) hydrogen phosphate ion; (c) chloric acid; (d) arse...
- Mon Oct 28, 2019 3:20 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Question 2B.9
- Replies: 3
- Views: 285
Question 2B.9
For part (b), how do you arrange the potassium atoms around the phosphorous atom for the Lewis Structure Diagram? Do they revolve around the phosphorous atom, or can we arrange them separate from the potassium atom?
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 11:43 pm
- Forum: Sigma & Pi Bonds
- Topic: Pi bonds
- Replies: 3
- Views: 184
Re: Pi bonds
Doctor Lavelle claimed in class that they were electrons that move around, while the atoms do not change position in the Lewis Dot Structure. He also mentioned that we will be going over them later on and they do not pertain right now They are also defined as covalent bonds where two lobes of an orb...
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 3:38 pm
- Forum: Trends in The Periodic Table
- Topic: Stable Structures
- Replies: 5
- Views: 376
Stable Structures
In class today, Doctor Lavelle talked about how there are different methods in drawing the Lewis Dot Structures for different molecules like sulfate. How do we know, again, which structure is more stable? Is it when the central atom has a formal charge of 0?
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 3:32 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: 1E25
- Replies: 1
- Views: 140
1E25
For this question and all questions alike, is the notation for the valence-shell configuration the notation that Doctor Lavelle showed in class with the up arrows and down arrows as well, or is it just the orbitals, group numbers, and more like for example 3p^6?
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 3:29 pm
- Forum: Properties of Electrons
- Topic: 1E1
- Replies: 2
- Views: 155
1E1
Could someone please explain part (a) of this question? Does n increasing pertain to the energy of the atom or the energy of the electron as well?
- Fri Oct 25, 2019 3:27 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: 1.D 25
- Replies: 1
- Views: 82
Re: 1.D 25
(c) cannot exist in an atom as the g-orbital is not possible with n = 4 as l can only reach up to a maximum of 3. 3 does not pertain to the g-orbital.
(d) is possible as n=6, and thus l = 5. At l = 5, there exists the f - orbital.
(d) is possible as n=6, and thus l = 5. At l = 5, there exists the f - orbital.
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 1:06 pm
- Forum: Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
- Topic: 1D. Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
- Replies: 2
- Views: 143
Re: 1D. Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
Since there are two electrons in an orbital, we multiply the orbital by 2 get the total number of electrons in a subshell. a) A p-orbital claims that there are three orbitals, so 2 * 3 = 6 electrons. b) d has 5 orbitals, so 2 *5 = 10 electrons. c) s has 1 orbital, so 2 * 1 = 2 electrons. d) f has 7 ...
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 1:03 pm
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: Black Body Radiation
- Replies: 2
- Views: 132
Re: Black Body Radiation
Black body radiation claims that as the temperature increases, the wavelength of light decreases.
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 1:02 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: Cr and Cu Exceptions
- Replies: 2
- Views: 171
Re: Cr and Cu Exceptions
The Cr and Cu are exceptions as they are not stable with the Cr: [Ar] 3d^4 4s^2 and Cu: [Ar] 3d^9 4s^2 orbital equations.
They only need part of the d-suborbital filled to remain stable.
They only need part of the d-suborbital filled to remain stable.
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 1:00 pm
- Forum: Bohr Frequency Condition, H-Atom , Atomic Spectroscopy
- Topic: Rydberg Equation
- Replies: 4
- Views: 201
Re: Rydberg Equation
The Rydberg equation can also be seen in the change in energy formula, where energy initial is subtracted from the energy initial.
The Rydberg equation's purpose is to find the change in energy (noted by Doctor Lavelle to be for an H-atom).
The Rydberg equation's purpose is to find the change in energy (noted by Doctor Lavelle to be for an H-atom).
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 12:56 pm
- Forum: Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
- Topic: p- and d- orbitals and zero e- density
- Replies: 5
- Views: 242
Re: p- and d- orbitals and zero e- density
This statement is accurate, the images online can help clarify this confusion. The symmetry of the orbitals can be seen on the graphs, and it is observed that the s orbital is purely symmetrical while the other orbitals are not. To explain the symmetry aspect (I am confused about the density part as...
- Fri Oct 18, 2019 12:49 pm
- Forum: Einstein Equation
- Topic: HW 1.B.7 (b and c)
- Replies: 3
- Views: 274
Re: HW 1.B.7 (b and c)
For part (b) we convert the mg of Na to moles of Na and then multiply by Avogadro's number to get the number of atoms of Na. We then multiply by the energy in part (a) to get how much energy is emitted by 5 mg of Na. For part (c) we multiply the energy from part (a) by Avogadro's number to get the l...
- Sun Oct 13, 2019 12:44 am
- Forum: Properties of Light
- Topic: Question 1.A.11
- Replies: 1
- Views: 125
Question 1.A.11
The question says: In the spectrum of atomic hydrogen, several lines are generally classified together as belonging to a series (for example, Balmer series or Lyman series, as shown in Fig. 1A.10). What is common to the lines within a series that makes grouping them together logical? How do you go a...