CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

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Is the coordination number for hemoglobin 6 or 4? Or can it have either depending on what the Fe is bonded to?

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Another way of finding out if it is a polyphonic species is to look at the charge of the anion of the species. For instance, in H2SO4, Sulfate has a -2 charge, meaning it is capable of accepting two protons whereas Br- is very unlikely to accept two protons. You can apply the same idea to H3PO4 and ...

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Will we be expected to calculate Ka values on the final? If so, can someone please explain the process for doing so?

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Can someone please provide some general tips for drawing the structures of coordination compounds? Thank you!

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Would a molecule that is square planar with two different types of atoms oriented oppositely of each other be polar or nonpolar?

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For question 6.21, can someone please explain why the oxygen atoms cannot accept a proton? Thank you!

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That makes sense, thank you!

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For question 6B.9, the solution manual says that the OH concentration for (I) is 1.5x10^-14. I thought that we are supposed to divide I.0x10^-14 by the given H3O+ concentration to find the OH concentration, but this would give an answer different than the one in the solution manual. Could someone pl...

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When writing net ionic equations, why are the elements of an acid sometimes separated while other times they are left together?

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I wasn't sure which section to put this under, but will the final exam include all the content we have covered including the fundamentals? Thank you.

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In figure 9C.1, it is stated that "ligand atoms that bond to the metal atom are underlined in ambiguous cases". How would we know which ligand is the one bound to the metal atom in these ambiguous cases if we were not told in the question? Thank you!

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For understanding the shape of a coordination compound/complex, is this based off of the coordination number? Do polydentate ligands contribute to the shape differently than a monodentate ligand, and if so, how? Thank you!

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Could someone please explain how to solve question 9 C.7? Thank you.

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Can someone please explain why only the 2pz orbital can form sigma bonds whereas the 2px and 2py orbital cannot? Does this just have to do with the orientation of the orbitals? Thank you!

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Because SiF4 is a nonpolar molecule, it is only capable of having induced dipole-induced dipole bonds (London Forces). Si2F2, on the other hand, is a polar molecule--which you can determine from drawing the lewis structure and examining its molecular geometry/shape--which means it is capable of havi...

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Can someone please explain why vapor pressure has a positive correlation with melting point but a negative correlation with boiling point? Do boiling point and melting point have a positive correlation. Thank you!

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I have heard conflicting answers to this question, so does anyone know whether or not Carbon Monoxide is capable of dipole-dipole bonding? Could you also please explain why or why not? Thank you!

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Is it possible for a nonpolar molecular to experience hydrogen bonding?

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The textbook does not really discuss any shapes past AX6 and doesn't list any AX6E shapes, is it safe to assume that for the upcoming test we only need to know the shapes listed in chapter 2E?

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I also read in the textbook that most of the time, it is more stable to have equatorial lone pairs rather than axial pairs, which would explain how you get a T-shape from the trigonal bipyramidal electron arrangement of an AX3E2 molecule.

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Could someone please explain how they solved problem 2F13? Are there any resonance structures for this molecule? I thought I made a plausible lewis structure for the molecule, but it differs from the answer in the solution manual.

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Based on the solution manual they are asking for a description of the shape of the hybrid orbitals. For example, the answer for a includes the type of shape that corresponds to the hybrid orbital as well as the bond angles corresponding to the shape. Also, the answer states the orientation of each o...

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Why wouldn't this be a trigonal planar shape with the electron clouds in the axial positions? Didn't we talk about the electron clouds wanting to be as far apart as possible to minimize repulsion and make the molecule more stable? I do not have a definite answer for this, but I like to look at it b...

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You can also think of it in the sense that anytime you have the VESPR formula of AX3E2, you will have a T-shaped structure.

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Since there are no lone pairs on the central atom (P) of this molecule, the bond angles are not distorted and are the expected 109.5 degree angles of a tetrahedral shape. If the P happened to have lone pairs, the bonds would likely be slightly smaller than the expected angle, so in this case, slight...

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Could someone please explain what the term electrostatic means and how it relates to what we are currently learning?

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Is the following statement correct: The more ionic a bond is, the more polar it is? If not could someone please explain why? Thank you!

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Could someone please explain what contributes to induced-dipole induced-dipole interactions?

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I am not entirely sure we covered this topic yet, but Professor mentioned that polarity vs. non polarity will become important in our class. Can someone please explain why some molecules, like H2O, which seem like they would be non polar, are actually polar? Could a few more important examples of th...

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Can someone please explain how to solve question 2 from Dino Nuggets? Conceptually, I understand how to solve this type of problem but my numbers keep coming out different so I must be doing something wrong. Thank you! I'm having the same problem, if you found the answer could you please let me kno...

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Can someone please explain how to solve question 2 from Dino Nuggets? Conceptually, I understand how to solve this type of problem but my numbers keep coming out different so I must be doing something wrong. Thank you!

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I know it says answers will be posted after the review session but does anyone know when exactly they might be posted?

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In class, it was said that as a general guideline for determining whether a bond is covalent or ionic, you can subtract the electronegativity of the involved atoms and if the difference is greater than 2, then it is ionic, while if the difference is less than 1.5 it is covalent. My question is, is i...

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A UA also said that elements row three and beyond can have expanded octets because they have empty spots in the d shell to fill.

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Since, for this class, we are only responsible for the first row of transition metals, they all have n=4 as their outermost shell. By finding the electron configuration of these elements you would find that they only fill the 4s orbital of the n=4 shell, and for that reason they would have 2 valence...

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Yers, it would depend on the exact situation. In some cases, where an expanded octet is possible ( most elements in period three and beyond), formal charge would be favored. A similar trend occurs in group 3 elements, which rarely form octets. In other cases where elements should always form an octe...

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Thank you so much!

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6 represents the quantum number "n", so in this case n=6. For the exact question this information is only relevant because it tells you that a 6d sub-shell is possible since like you said d corresponds to l=2. For instance, if they asked you to find the number of orbitals of 2d that would ...

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Could someone please explain why E=hv can only be used for photons? Thank you!

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In discussion section last week, my TA said to add them up so yes it would be 6!

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Could anyone explain how to find valence shell electron configurations? More specifically how do you know what portion of the full configuration is included in the valence shell electron configuration? Thank you!

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Are the trends for atomic radii the same for that of ionic radii and covalent radii?

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Yes, I also think there is no specific reason. Theoretically if you were to remember the value of h/4pi and just use that when solving problems you would still get the correct answer, but it is probably safest to notate the equation as Professor did in class.

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Thank you for the responses!

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Is the unit of measurement E in the equation E=hv, J per photon? I noticed that for question B9, the solution manual says that E=hv gives us the energy per photons so I just wanted to confirm that J per photon is the unit for E. Thank you!

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What is an electron shell, and why did Professor say that areas of the wave function with a high probability of finding electrons represent shells?

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Yes, delta v would be 10. Indeterminacy means that, when dealing with small objects like atoms, the process of measurement can influence the data results. Like the example Professor gave in class, if a human walks through two beams of photons that are a specific distance apart, we could find data su...

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The particle-like properties of electromagnetic radiation (ER) refers to the findings of the photoelectric effect experiment, in which it was found that the ejection of electrons from a metal depended upon the frequency of the incoming ER source, and if the frequency did not result in electron eject...

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Would someone please explain what a nodal plane is as well as its relevance to recognizing orbitals? Thank you!

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Diffraction is when a wave passes through a narrow passage, causing the wave to bend in order to fit through the passage. As the wave passes through the passage, it splits into different directions which in diagrams, results in a cone-like shape for the wave. Diffraction is an important property use...

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Yes, I forgot that "V" and "v" represent different variables! Thank you for the clarification, it makes sense now!

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Thank you so much for the help, I appreciate it!!

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For Test 1, should we know how to do a majority if not all of the problems for each of the assigned fundamental chapters, or will we be prepared enough by knowing how to do only the assigned questions listed in Outline 1?

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When trying to find the velocity of an object, how do you know whether to use the equation v=c/(wavelength) or v=h/(mass x wavelength)?

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Yes, the DeBroglie equation uses all SI units. Another way to look at the units involved, is to understand what units are appropriate for each variable involved (this can be found in the textbook or modules). For example, the units for Planck's constant are kg.m^2.s^-1 while the units for velocity i...

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Yes the uncertainty reflects the idea that at the atomic level, the procedure in which experimental data is obtained can cause some uncertainty for the data itself. Even though we might have a good approximation for the real data value, the uncertainty acknowledges that the approximation might be sl...

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On our module regarding the Heisenberg Indeterminacy Equation, there is a question asking about the relationship between the precision of momentum and position. Does anyone have the correct answer to that question, and if so, would you mind explaining how you got that answer? Thank you!

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Could anyone please explain how to find the wavelength of a light associated with a change in an electron's every level? I will paste an example below, thank you!

"In the hydrogen atomic spectrum, what is the wavelength of light associated with the n = 2 to n = 1 electron transition?"

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Yes, the DeBroglie equations uses SI units for all of the units involved in the equation. It is important to also remember that velocity is meters per seconds. So if you are given anything other than these units, for example kilometers per hour, you would have to convert this to meters per second.

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Yes, when we are provided with the percentage mass compositions it is best to assume a sample mass of 100g so that the percentages can be directly converted into grams. For instance, if you had a compound that was 35.7%Al and 64.3%Cl, assuming a sample mass of 100g, we could convert those percentage...

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Question 23 of the molarity is as follows: audio-visual focus-topics 5.00 g of KMnO4 is dissolved in a 150.00 mL flask of water. If 20.00 mL of this solution is removed and placed in a new 2nd 250.00 mL flask and filled with water, what is the concentration of the solution in the 2nd flask? Molar Ma...

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This is great to know, thank you so much!

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I also personally convert the masses of the reactants to moles and to determine which is limiting I multiply the the amount of moles of one reactant by the molar ratio of the reactants to determine how much of that reactant will be used in the reaction, thus revealing whether it is limiting or not. ...

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Yes, I believe professor also said that it doesn't have to be 100g. That number is chosen to make the process of calculating the empirical formula easier. It would still work if you assumed a sample mass of 50g, you would just have masses that are half as large as if you assumed a sample mass of 100...

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I noticed that in some cases the mass of Hydrogen is referred to 1.0079g/mol while in other cases, it is referred to as 1.008g/mol or even 1.01g/mol. A similar trend applies to Carbon (12.01g/mol and 12.011g/mol). How do we know which amount of significant figures to choose, and if our answer is sli...

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