CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

britthanul234

Pink = acidic
Blue = basic

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The Ka value a constant that determines a strong or weak acid. Higher Ka means stronger acid as a result.

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We basically went over salts as acids and bases.

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Weak acid = HBrO
Conjugate base = BrO-
Morphine is basic because the nitrogen has a lone pair, so the compounds will be weak.

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An acid losing a proton could be made stable through electronegativity. When the resulting anion is made stable, the following reactions will be stable as well. That means that more of the acid will dissociate, release H+ ions. Hence, it would be a stronger acid.

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The question is asking which ligands can attach to multiple bonding sites (polydentate).
Poly- means multiple.

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The abbreviations are just for the ligands.

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The oxidation number is the effective charge on an atom in a compound. A larger oxidation number means more oxidation while a lower oxidation number means the opposite, which is reduction.

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The prefixes bis-, tris-, and tetrakis- are used when a ligand already has a Greek prefix. It's either that or you use it when the ligand is polydentate.

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Use the suffix -ate if the complex has a negative charge.

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It would be trigonal planar.

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These all look correct.

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AX3E2 and AX3E3 are t-shaped

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It's because it is in the 3D form not 2D.

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If there are 2 lone pairs, then it would be less than 109.5 degrees. If there is 1 lone pair, then it would be less than 120 degrees. Bent shape simply means that there are lone pairs that create a repulsion that allows the bonds to come closer together, allowing for the angles to decrease.

britthanul234

There are 6.022 x 10^23 electrons in a mol. If you divide by Avagadro's number you get energy per mol.

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Wave function = quantum state of a system
Wave function squared = probability

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When length increases, the energy gap decreases.

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It relates to the Schrodiner equation. It's simply a model that explain energy quantization and the mathematical calculations that are involved. It is one of the many models used to explain and solve for values of energy.

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Test 2 is Week 8 during your discussion class.

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Atomic and ionic radius (increases as you go down and left)
Ionization energy and electron affinity (increases as you go up and right).

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Yes, Ca would have the stronger 3rd ionization energy.

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You should know the period trend for atomic radii. It increases as it goes down and left of the periodic table.

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You just need to know the general concept and idea behind it. Know the trends as well.

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You should know the general periodic trends, which will come in handy in multiple choice questions, as well as drawing Lewis structure questions.

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Electron affinity is the ability for an atom to accept electron. Greater nuclear charge means greater electron affinity.

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l must equal 0 or 1 because n=2 in this case. If l=0 then ml=0, then ml=-1,0,1. Therefore, there are 4 possible orbitals.

britthanul234

I do not think you are expected to know how to use the radical distribution function.

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You basically count the number of elements in one row of the period table, then divide that by 2 electrons in order because one orbital can only hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

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Yes, you should be using the periodic table when finding configurations because the way that the periodic table is structured is related to these orbitals and configurations (electrons and whatnot).

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N is the size and energy of the orbital. As n increases, the distance from nucleus increases, so the size (radius) increases as well.

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There's no equation for finding the quantum number.

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Basically he was referring to the shape of the wave function graph.

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Yup, we're still learning about quantum numbers, so just do the homework problems that we've covered in the lectures.

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You can only know whether the electron spins up or down. It is the direction the electron is moving around the nucleus. They spin in opposite directions for the purpose of stability.

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Planck's constant has to do with the electromagnetic radiation and the photon's energy. Rydberg's constant has to do with the electromagnetic spectra of an atom.

britthanul234

I don't think midterms take place in discussion sections because the midterms are longer than 50 minutes. Only the tests are administered in the discussion sections.

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The answer is (D) photoelectric effect. This best supports the idea that the electromagnetic radiation has properties of particles of energy (photons). Each photon has a fixed energy of E=hv.

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Planck's constant is basically used whenever the variable "h" appears in a formula. As of now, I feel like it appears when talking about energy emitted or absorbed at n=some energy level or when determining the energy of a photon (E=hv).

britthanul234

Most of the time, people tend to use meters. However, I feel like on tests/exams, the question would specify what unit the final answer should be in. I don't think you need to worry about units too much for these types of problems.

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This has to do with the frequency, which you can assume is an oscillation or wave. There are not as much oscillations, so the electrical field will not change as quickly. That is why the answer is what it is.

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You simply divide the molar mass by the empirical mass.

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You just have to use Avogadro's number since the question gives you the weight of the single molecule. Molecule should be a key word that allows you to realize that you should be using Avogadro's number and doing a bunch of various conversions.

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I think it would be safe for you to know how to solve all of the homework problems assigned.

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Combustion is simply a compound reacting with O2, creating the products, H20 and CO2. Combustion occurs through burning. Usually the question will specify whether the reaction is a combustion or not.

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I feel like the test will give you the formula for most of the problems, but basic compounds, like nitrate, you should know just to be safe.

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Balancing equations is super important because of the Law of Conservation of Mass (Lavoisier). The total mass before equals the total mass after the reaction. This is because atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Therefore, chemical equations (reactants --> products) must always be balanced.

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Where the decimal point is placed is super important when it comes to significant figures. 100 would be 1 sig fig because you don't count the zeroes after the 1. However, 100. would be 3 sig figs because you must count all digits that come before the period as long as the digits coming before the de...

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Here, the metal does not refer to a specific metal. The question purposefully leaves the metal unknown in order for us to not know the molar mass of it. Therefore, we need to subtract the molar mass of the (OH)2 from the total molar mass in order to figure out the molar mass of the metal. Then, we a...

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I think the best way to think of the difference between accuracy and precision is to visualize the different examples of the target that Professor Lavelle gave during class. Precision is how close the measurement are to one another, so something can be very precise without having to be close to the ...

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Whenever a question asks you to find the formula units, it's simply asking you to find the number of atoms. So, if the question gives you the number of grams, divide it by the molar mass in order to figure out the number of moles. Then use Avogadro's number to find the number of atoms, which is the ...

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