CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Yes, this is because of equilibrium.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Yes, the rate constant can be changed by temperature.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Both ways are correct. It's whatever you prefer.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Oxygen atoms can recombine to form oxygen molecules and if a free oxygen atom collides with an oxygen molecule, it forms the ozone. In these reactions, the atoms act as catalysts.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Transition state is the highest energy structure along the reaction coordinate between reactants and products for every step of a reaction mechanism.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Transition state is the highest energy structure along the reaction coordinate between reactants and products for every step of a reaction mechanism.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

I think halogens can be considered as either nucleophiles or electrophiles.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

No, it is not possible for functional groups to overlap.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

K is the Boltzmann constant which is approximately 1.380649×10^−23 J/K.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

An increase in temperature (T) causes more collisions. This increases the reaction rate which is why k increases when the temperature does.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

A pH meter is used to calculate the concentration of H+ ions in a solution to determine if it is alkaline or acidic. You can find Q to calculate the concentration of H+ ions.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

A pH meter is used to calculate the concentration of H+ ions in a solution to determine if it is alkaline or acidic.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

The cell potential for cathodes and anodes can be referred to as the reduction potential because it relates to their ability to gain electrodes. When the cathode has more potential than the anode, it means that they gain more electrons. The potential for anodes is less because they become oxidized a...

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

The anode is where oxidation reaction happens and therefore is negatively charged. The cathode is where reduction reaction happens so it becomes more positively charged. I think the anode can be positive in different types of cells.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

The reactant being reduced is the oxidizing agent and the reactant being oxidized is the reducing agent.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

A system is a perfect system if no heat is lost.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

A bomb calorimeter is a closed system because it allows heat to be exchanged. Therefore, it is a perfect system since no heat is being lost.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

We add reactants and products when obtaining bond enthalpies.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Cp=Cv+R
Cv=Cp-R
R=8.314 J/kgK

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Steam holds and releases more heat energy than the liquid form of water and therefore, causes more severe burns.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

I'm pretty sure Kekule structures are Lewis structures. They show an inaccurate representation because they suggest both carbon-carbon double bonds and carbon-carbon single bonds (aka two different types of carbon-carbon bonds in benzene).

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Inert gases do not affect the volume because they are not reactive.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

The value of K must be 1.0x10^-4 or less in order for x to be negligible.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Memorizing would be the best option.

Strong Acids:
HCl
HBr
HI
H2SO4
HNO3
HClO4
HClO3

(Tip: all strong acids start with letter "H")

Strong Bases:
LiOH
NaOH
KOH
RbOH
CsOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
Ba(OH)2

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Knowing the strong acids and bases will help you find out which ones are weak.

Strong Acids:
HCl
HBr
HI
H2SO4
HNO3
HClO4
HClO3

Strong Bases:
LiOH
NaOH
KOH
RbOH
CsOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
Ba(OH)2

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Yes, we assume it is 25 degrees.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

It is the general gas equation which is:
PV = nRT
They don’t attract or repel each other, but their interaction would be an elastic collision.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

There are no units for K because it cancels out. K is a ratio, so you are just left with a value.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Raise it to the power of e like you would do for logs.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Unlike soft water, hard water contains more mineral such as Ca+ and Mg2.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

It doesn't matter, -OH and OH- are the same thing in his lectures.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Yes, calorimeter constants are always positive.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Yes and Yes. The concentration of a cell can have a positive Ecell and a cell be both galvanic and a concentration cell.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Yes, water will affect the voltage of a cell because water concentration will change.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Degeneracy does not have any units assigned to it.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

8.314 because your answer should be in Joules.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Delta H = the change in enthalpy
Delta U = the change in internal energy.
Delta Hvap =Delta Uvap + pDelta V
The moles of gas do not change so ΔH≈ΔE if Δngas=0.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

ΔU = q + w
q is equal to w when it is negative (-w)
This is when ΔU = 0

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

E^o cell is cell potential at standard state and it doesn't change based on concentration. E cell is not at standard conditions and changes.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Cp is the heat capacity when pressure is constant and Cv is the heat capacity when volume is constant. They are used in the equation Cp=Cv+R.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Heat flows naturally from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature. Adding ice will continue to lower the temperature of the liquid that's not surrounding the ice. Ice will lower the overall temperature of the coffee.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

You should be fine without doing any calculations to show this.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

q= delta H when pressure is constant.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

The stronger the bond, the greater the amount of energy is takes to break the bond. The strength of the correlates with how stable it is.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Only gases would apply to this.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

You should memorize that H2SO4, HI, HBr, HNO3, HCl, HClO3, HClO4 are the seven strong acids.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

qrev is for a reversible process (heat transferred reversibly). q is the transfer of energy

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

I don’t think there’s an error in the manual. w=-nRTln(V2/V1) is the formula you should be using.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

The amount that was vaporized is represented by a positive number not a negative number.

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

HClO3 is a strong acid

Katelynn Shaheen 2C

Find the moles of Na2 by using moles of NaN3.

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