CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

I thought I would share my notes for Chemical Kinetics!

Chemical Kinetics .pdf: (15.2 MiB) Downloaded 80 times

I hope this helps!

Good luck studying!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi Everyone!

A few of my friends were telling me that they really liked my notes so I am uploading a pdf of my notes onto chemistry community for everyone to look at! Unfortunately, some of the file sizes were too large to upload :/

I hope this helps!

Electrochemistry.pdf: (12.47 MiB) Downloaded 60 times

Good luck studying :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello! I found a few helpful videos about Electrochem by the organic chemistry tutor on youtube. Here they are: https://youtu.be/jousNNceCXs - Nernst Equation Explained, Electrochemistry, Example Problems, pH, Chemistry, Galvanic Cell https://youtu.be/ImV8LyujjqY - Cell Potential & Notation, Red...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello! I have a suggestion for next quarter 14a and b. I think the UA sessions are super helpful, especially toward the end of the quarter because Dr. Lavelle categorizes them by units/topics. I was thinking that it would be really helpful if that was the case for the entire quarter. So each week th...

Mrudula Akkinepally

I completely agree with the previous reply. The organic chemistry tutor walks you through specific problems so you can see how to solve them. They help a lot with exams! Hope it helps! :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

My favorite vibe songs at the moment are connexion and outside by Zayn Malik. Definitely give them a try!!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

The acid and base equilibria unit feels like such a long time ago!! I completely forgot how to convert between pKa and pH and pKb and pOH.

I was wondering if someone can do a quick summary for me?

Thank you so much! :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

If the system is doing the work, then the sign is negative. If work is being done on the system, then the sign is positive.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone! I just realized how insanely close we are to being done with the first half of the 14 series! I just want to say good job to everyone for sticking through it!! As proud and relieved as I am, I have come to the realization that we are going to be starting organic chemistry! I have hea...

Mrudula Akkinepally

This sounds so fun! Thank you for organizing this! I hope I can make it!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello! When I was doing Sapling earlier, I had an issue with question #7. I was able to come up with the anode and cathode reactions but the overall short hand reaction was wrong because of the order I was putting things. Can someone explain to me why they need to be in a certain order? Or is that j...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Can someone tell me whats wrong with my overall reaction for this problem?

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Can someone tell me what I'm doing wrong?

It keeps telling me that the cathode is supposed to be on the right side but mine is?

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Can someone tell me how to solve this?

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

I'm not sure how to balance this equation and I was wondering if someone could help me?

screenshot:

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Under the equilibrium header, it's supposed to be ln K2/K1! I messed up while writing it ahaha

Mrudula Akkinepally

Yall! I was confused as to which equations we needed to know for the midterm until this morning. I went to Justin's Step Up session and it helped SOOOOO much! I'm attaching a picture here! I hope it helps! IMG_50FE0DEDB986-1.jpeg I added the extras subheader because I did a few problems using those ...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

I went to a step-up session this morning and I was a little bit confused as to whether Internal energy equals 0 for both irreversible and reversible isothermal reactions or if it was just for reversible?

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Thank you so much!

We can't use that on the midterm right? Like we have to use the one we use every time?

Please let me know! Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

I just want to clarify whether delta S= nRT*ln(V2/V1) or S= nR*ln(V2/V1) in an isothermal expansion.

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Do we have to memorize deltaH of vaporization for water for midterm 2?

Please let me know!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Does anyone have a list of all the equations we need to know for the midterm this Friday?

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello Everyone! I just finished my sapling for this week and I wanted to remind everyone to try to take a quick break this weekend and relax for a little before we go full throttle next week for our midterm. I hope all of you have a great Valentine's Day! If you haven't heard it from anyone yet, let...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Thank you so much Alexandra! That helped a lot :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Can someone walk me through how to do this problem?

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Can someone walk me through how to do this problem?

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Can someone walk me through how to do this problem?

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello Everyone! I realized that I'm having a hard time with thermodynamics because there are many variations of equations we need to memorize in this section. I was wondering if someone has a compiled list of the different work, heat, internal energy, and heat capacity equations there are. If so, pl...

Mrudula Akkinepally

That makes so much sense! Thank you so much!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

Can someone explain how to calculate work for pathways A and B in this problem?

Here is a screenshot:

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

I'm not sure how to approach this problem on sapling and I was wondering if someone could explain how to do it? I read the hint, but I'm still a little lost.

Here's a screenshot of the problem:

Please let me know! Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hey everyone! I know midterm one just happened haha, but I was wondering if any of you know which outlines are going to be tested on for midterm two? We got through 2 and a quarter-ish for this first midterm so do you all think it's going to be the same for the upcoming midterm? Idk, it feels like w...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hey everyone! Idk if it's just me but I've been feeling a little overwhelmed with all this thermodynamics content. I'm also not absorbing it that well. I was wondering if you guys had any external resources you're using to understand this material. Ideally, something to watch, I don't absorb informa...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

In Wednesday's lecture, Dr. Lavelle said that entropy approaches 0 for an O2 molecule and I was wondering if that applies to all diatomic molecules or if O2 is just a special case?

Please let me know! Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone! So I want to take labs for chemistry in person because the only lab experience I have right now is from AP Bio and I need that to change lol. But I wanted to know about people's experiences taking labs virtually. Please let me know how you guys feel about it and how you do the experi...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone! I'm planning my courses for the spring and I was wondering if getting into 14C is hard. Because if the class doesn't fill up that fast, then I was thinking about holding off and taking it in the fall so I can do 14 C, 14 CL, and 14 D continuously. But I was on reddit (because I can f...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone! I made a post about what study habits to leave in 2020 and pick up in 2021. There were a lot of responses, so I tried a couple of them and I felt so much more prepared for this midterm than I did in 14 a. So if you're looking for a change here's what I did. I would 300% recommend doi...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hey guys!

I just wanted to say good job to everyone for successfully finishing our first midterm! No matter what we end up getting, a grade doesn't define us. Super proud of us!!

If you haven't taken it yet, good luck! You got this!

Mrudula Akkinepally

I literally forgot the negative sign omg. Thank you so much !!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi guys! I'm doing Sapling problems to prepare for the midterm and I was wondering if someone can tell me what I did/am doing wrong.

I'm attaching screenshots of the question and my work below. Please let me know! Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone!

Which textbook problems are we supposed to practice on outline 3 for the midterm next Friday?

Please let me know!

Thank you! :)

P.S Good luck !!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone!

For textbook Problem 6D.13, would I just use the Ka/Kb to solve for the pH and then use that to rank them?

This is a screenshot of the problem:

please let me know!

Thank you! :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone! How do you determine if certain molecules act as acids or bases in the presence of water? For example, while doing problem 6D.5 I wrote that NH2OH + H2O ⇌ NH2O + H3O instead of NH2OH + H2O ⇌ NH2OH2 + OH (which is the right reaction) because I wasn't sure whether NH2OH was an acid or ...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello! I noticed that in some of the textbook problems, they will ask us to find the pH/pOH without giving us the ka/kb. I was wondering if we are expected to memorize ka/kb values of certain acids or bases or if they will always be given to us if we are calculating pH/pOH? Please let me know! Thank...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone!

I am doing practice problems from outline 2 and question 6E.3 says to only ignore second deprotonations when the approximation is justified.

I was wondering what that meant and how we know when the approximation is justified?

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone!

During Justin's step-up section this morning, he said that we need additional information to be able to solve for pKa given the pH and pH given pKa.

I was wondering what that additional information is.

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone!

I know this might sound stupid but what's the point of conjugate acids and bases? Like I know it's just the terminology, but why does it have a name? Do they serve a purpose aside from being a base's/acid's counterpart in a reaction?

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi!

Do you guys think its important to know the difference between the Lewis and Bronsted definitions for acids and bases for this class?

Let me know! Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello!

What pka values are indicative of a strong acid? What pkb values are indicative of a strong base?

Please let me know! Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone!

I know that pka is the negative log of ka, but how do we go from pka to ka?

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

omg thank you so much!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone!

After taking chem 14a, I realized that I need to do better with studying.

I was wondering if any of you had any suggestions on new study habits or study habits to leave in 2020.

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone!

I just wanted to confirm that we haven't gone over ice tables in lecture yet, right?

We talked about them during my discussion section and they showed up on sapling but I don't remember them from lecture.

Please let me know!

Thank you

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello everyone!

I hope everyone had a fun holiday season and a happy new year!

I was wondering what topics we need to have memorized from chem 14a for chem 14b.

Please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

What happens to a system at equilibrium when there is an increase in temperature? Will it favor products or reactants? Will Q be greater than, less than, or equal to K?

I don't remember this from lecture. I don't think we covered it yet lol.

But if you know, please let me know!

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone!

I'm having trouble solving a sapling problem and I was wondering if someone can help me figure it out!

The problem:

My work:

Thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Darren1e wrote:This is a great tip! Has anyone come up with one for strong bases?

I just saw this!! But I think if it has an OH in there its a strong base. And if it has an N with a lone pair then its weak.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Faaizah Arshad 1E wrote:That's a great mneumonic,. Heads up that HClO3 is also a strong acid; you left that out in the list.

I just added it!! Thank you for telling me :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

I went to A UA session yesterday where we were given a really useful mneumonic to remember the names of the strong acids.

SO I Brought NO CLean ClOthes.

SO: H2SO4
I: HI
Br: HBr
NO: HNO3
Cl: HCL
ClO: HClO4 and HClO3

I hope it helps!! :))

Mrudula Akkinepally

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone!! I know that finals are really stressful, and if you're like me then you need to get a really good score on the final to get an A in the class. But I think it's really important to forget about the grade for a minute and try your best to understand the material because your grade in the...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hello! I was wondering if someone had a way to memorize the difference between a Lewis Acid/Base vs a Bronsted Acid/Base. I know that if a molecule is a Lewis Acid, it's also a Bronsted Acid, and that the lewis definition has to do with electrons while the bronsted definition has to do with protons....

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone!

I'm having trouble watching our lectures and I was wondering if everyone is also getting an error code? If you were able to overcome the error, do you mind sharing what you did ??

Please and thank you :)

Mrudula Akkinepally

Why is the charge of Cobalt +3 and not +2 in [Co(NH3) 3Cl3]?

Mrudula Akkinepally

Lol, I just watched the lecture again. It's because the bond length between hydrogen and bromine is shorter than the one between hydrogen and chlorine. A larger bond length means a weaker bond. So in the presence of water, it's easier to break the bond between hydrogen and bromine in comparison to h...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Can someone explain to me how we can determine which one of these is a stronger acid based on periodic trends? Lecture 26 mentions bond lengths but I'm still not too sure.

Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

In lecture 26, Dr. Lavelle drew a Lewis structure and identified that it was in the gas state. I just want to clarify that we don't know how to determine the state of a molecule solely based on its Lewis Structure, right? Follow up question: how would we determine what state a molecule is in? Like w...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Do we need to know the mechanisms of myoglobin, hemoglobin, and the heme complex? Or do we just need to recognize them as a biological application of coordination compounds?

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi guys! I was wondering what the difference between UA and Step Up sessions is. Please let me know ! Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

How do we determine where the negative pole of a molecule is based on its structure?

Mrudula Akkinepally

After taking the two midterms, I realized that whatever I'm doing to study needs a little but more help. I heard a lot of people saying that the step up/UA sessions are worth trying out. However I'm a little unsure of what to expect. What do you guys do in them? Do you personally find them helpful? ...

Mrudula Akkinepally

In lecture 23, Dr. Lavelle says that the electron configuration of Nitrogen would not give the proper structure of NH3 so we invoke hypridization and create the 2sp3 state. I was wondering if someone could explain how we know when to invoke hybridization if we don't know what the proper structure of...

Mrudula Akkinepally

In lecture 22, Dr. Lavelle says that sigma bonds are characterized by electron density with cylindrical symmetry and I was wondering if someone could illustrate what that means. Thank you!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone! In lecture 21, I noticed that the lone pairs for an H2O molecule are right next to each other on the O atom, while two lone pairs are on opposite ends of a xenon atom in a XeF4 molecule. I was wondering why that is. Does it have to do with the fact that Xe is a noble gas?

Mrudula Akkinepally

I was wondering the same thing! I hope we don’t, but we might just because they’re recorded and we don’t necessarily have to watch it on Friday .

Mrudula Akkinepally

I think doing the homework will definitely help, but I personally find flash cards to be the best way to do it. Quizlet is perfectly fine, but a lot of people rave about this app called aanki ( don’t quote me on the spelling lol) if you want to try it out!

Mrudula Akkinepally

12 units to be considered a full time student!

Mrudula Akkinepally

The night before the exam do something that calms you down. For example, I like to do a face mask and watch my favorite show while not worrying about anything else. And then don’t study the day of the test!! I know it can be difficult but you’ll psych yourself out. Just prep leading up to it but rel...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Do we need to memorize that a tetrahedral bond angle is 109.5 degrees if all the atoms bonded to the central atom are the same. Dr. Lavelle approximated the bond angle for trigonal pyramidal from the bond angle of tetrahedral.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Will midterm 2 be formatted just like midterm 1? In the sense that it will be multiple choice, we will be given partial credit for certain answers, and there will be around 12 questions? Also, will we also take it like Midterm 1 where we signed into zoom on our phones and took the midterm through re...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi! I was wondering if we needed to memorize oxidation numbers for any elements to prepare for the midterm or if they will be given to us on the midterm as needed?

Mrudula Akkinepally

That helps a lot, thank you !

Mrudula Akkinepally

I can understand why CH₃ CHO has dipole-dipole forces, but can someone explain why it also has dispersion forces? I read the explanation that Sapling gave me but I still didn't understand.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Petition for Dr. Lavelle to make a Lecture Bops Playlist! I can't help but bop my head along at the beginning of every lecture and I think it would be pretty cool to just have a spotify playlist of those songs.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Can someone explain to me how to calculate the oxidation number and what it means?

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi! I was wondering if the length of double bonds is always 0.2 Å shorter than that of a single bond. For example, a C-C single bond has a length of 1.54 Å while a double bond is 1.34 Å. Similarly an N-O single bond has a length of 1.40 Å while a double bond is 1.20 Å. I'm not sure if this was just ...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi! They are exceptions to the octet rule because of their limited number of valence electrons.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Double bonds are shorter than single bonds because they have a stronger force and therefore hold each other closer.

Mrudula Akkinepally

I'll follow green.

Also this is so fun!!

Mrudula Akkinepally

As far as I understand, it will be the same format.

Mrudula Akkinepally

Do we get points for every post we make? Because people are saying to just look under yours posts to see our participation points.

Mrudula Akkinepally

I'm not too sure, but I feel like we will find out before our next midterm so we can calculate what we need to get on that to maintain/improve our grade.

Mrudula Akkinepally

I was a little confused too when I saw the question on the Sapling homework. How I went about it was to think about how an excited electron would be in the highest energy shell. So if it were to go to its ground state, that electron would come back down and lose the highest energy shell. Then I look...

Mrudula Akkinepally

I wrote the s orbital first in high school too. However, I think we are expected to write the d orbital first because it has a lower energy than s.

Mrudula Akkinepally

It takes more energy to pull apart ionic bonds than covalent bonds. Therefore, ionic bonds are stronger.

Mrudula Akkinepally

For the midterm next week, do we need to know the frequency and wavelengths of different types of lights on the spectrum or just the wavelengths?

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi! So for the first midterm do we just have to memorize what part of the light spectrum visible light is in, or the specific wavelength of each color? For example, do we need to know the wavelength of red specifically, or can we just know that visible light ranges from 380 nm to 700 nm?

Mrudula Akkinepally

Thank you for your responses! I realized that my error was in my conversion from cm to m. It was a very simple error but it threw off my whole calculation!

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi everyone! I came across this question while taking the assessments associated with the modules on Dr. Lavelle's website and I'm not sure how to solve this. I am pasting the question below! The meter was defined in 1963 as 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of radiation emitted by krypton-86 (it has since b...

Mrudula Akkinepally

Hi! Do we have to memorize the mass of an electron? Or will that be given to us on the formula sheet?

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