CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

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An intermediate is a compound that is produced in one reaction and then consumed in the next step.

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It depends on what units are being used in the question.

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K is only at equilibrium, and Q is at any particular point of the reaction.

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Strong acids fully dissociate which means that the concentration of H3O+ will be high. Weak acids do not fully dissociate so they have smaller concentration of H3O+. Therefore, strong acids have lower pH levels than weak acids.

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A negative deltaG, Gibbs free energy, is spontaneous, so yes it can be used to determine spontaneity.

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Lewis structures can be used to find the number of orientations

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K will always stand as the equilibrium constant or temperature in kelvin.

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catalyst only affects the pathway taken, it does not change the states of the products and reactants.

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Degeneracy is used to help calculate the entropy of a system.

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As temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches zero.

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State functions are independent of the paths taken , whereas path functions are dependent on the path taken.

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Bond enthalpies can never be negative because they are the energies required to break bonds.

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Specific Heat refers to grams whereas molar heat capacity refers to moles.

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q=mC(delta T) for closed systems

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Divide deltaH by the temperature.

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It is the energy required to break bonds which is always positive.

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Pt is added on the side of the cell diagram that doesn't have a conducting metal.

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Concentrations and rate changes are needed to find the order.

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Salt bridges are represented by double vertical lines

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You would use 8.314

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Yes, if not given you should assume 25 degrees celsius

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Went in thinking I was going to hate it but in the end felt pretty confident that I did fairly well on it.

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Always stick to kelvin!

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Yes, the standard condition are the same for both of them.

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Some of the question require the states of matter whereas the other don't.

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I'll normally play some videogames or go outside for walk to deal with burnouts.

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This is because the overall reaction cannot come to completion until the slowest step comes to completion.

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Some of the questions require the states of matter.

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K is Boltzmann's constant which is approximately 1.380649×10−23 J/K

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Coulomb = measure of electrical charge in 6.24x10^18 electrons

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Acidic uses H+ to balance, whereas basic uses OH- to balance.

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A cathode has a higher reduction potential.

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In the equation w= -PdeltaV if the volume is constant then the change in volume is zero. Therefore -P(0) = 0 showing why the work is 0 at constant volume.

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A positive delta g denotes a thermodynamically unstable molecule whereas a negative delta g denotes a thermodynamically stable molecule.

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A stae function doesn't depend on the path taken, it only depends on the initial and final values.

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He was saying that the entropy of the universe is always positive.

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It all depends on the units given in the problem.

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An open system is able to exchange matter and energy, but a closed system is able to exchange energy but not matter.

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If it occurs on both side we can just cancel them out.

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Extensive is dependent on the mass whereas intensive is not dependent on the mass.

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The negative sign goes on the side that is exothermic.

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In a closed system energy can transfer in and out but matter cannot.

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The anti-log in order to go prom pKa to Ka is 10^-pKa.

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At 25 degrees Celsius pKw will always be equal to 14

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The equation shows that the heat of the reaction is equal to the heat of the surroundings.

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You would use it when you want the Kc of the reverse reaction

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Yes, the partial pressures are dependent on the moles

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The exothermic reaction will release heat cause the outside to be hot, whereas the endothermic reaction will absorb heat which causes the outside to be cooler.

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The -log of [H+] gives pH and the -log of [OH-] gives the pOH

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Use pH and pKa, for an acid if pH>pKa then it is charged, if pKa>pH then it is neutral

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An equations sheet, periodic table, and calculator are allowed.

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It is the change in the state of matter.

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I'm definitely going to be staying up all night playing games

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Electron geometry is how electrons are positioned in an atom, whereas molecular geometry is how atoms are positioned within a molecule.

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I'm redoing the practice problems from my weekly discussions.

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CHI3 has a higher melting point because iodine has a larger atomic radius meaning that it has more electrons.

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Yes, they are acids that have the ability to donate more than 1 hydrogen.

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s-orbitals have 0 nodal planes, p-orbitals have 1 nodal plane, d-orbitals have 2 nodal planes, and f-orbitals have 3 nodal planes.

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[OH-] is the concentration of OH- whereas pOH is the basicity of the solution. We use -log[OH-] to find the pOH. To find the [OH-] we use 10^-pOH.

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Yes, you're correct, in the coordination compound H2O is aqua and when it isn't in the coordination compound it is hydrate.

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Seesaw has 5 regions of electron density whereas trigonal planar has 4 regions of electron density.

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HF is a weak acid because the bond between H and F is extremely short since F has a very small atomic radius. The shorter a bond is, the stronger the bond is. The stronger bond makes it harder for the HF bond to break when dissolved in H2O causing the acid to be weak.

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You would arrange the ligands in alphabetical order.

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En stands for ethylenediamine.

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The dentate refers to binding sites of the ligand.

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Yes, the lower a pH, the stronger the acid is.

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Pi-bonds overlap in a parallel, making it unable to rotate.

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I've tried the UCLA VPN and logging in and out but its still giving me the error code when I try to watch lectures for this class. For some reason I can still access the lectures for my other classes.

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You would want the negative formal charge to be on the more electronegative element

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It has 4 potential bonds, therefore, 1 s orbital and 3 p orbital.

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If a structure is symmetrical it will be nonpolar. If a structure is not symmetrical and has different atoms on each side it is polar.

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H20 has 4 electron groups and 2 lone pairs, causing it to be bent.

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Anything that isn't covered in class isn't on the final.

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I've been using quizlet to test myself on the models and its been extremely helpful.

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I think that reviewing textbook problems, sapling question, lecture notes, and visiting workshop hours would be extremely helpful in terms of preparing for the final exam.

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I don't believe so since it wasn't listed in the syllabus.

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When determining the boiling point and melting points we look at the intermolecular forces.

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London Dispersion Forces are always present.

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Yes, all molecules do have London dispersion forces.

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I don't think that is always the difference in length, it might just be a coincidence.

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The more negative an Ion becomes, the larger its radius becomes, whereas the more positive an ion becomes, the smaller its radius becomes.

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We're focusing more on the trend. Electronegativity increases as you move up and to the right on the periodic table.

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The time we have will be the same, but since these questions should be less time consuming than the ones on Midterm 1, it should work out fine.

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Bond lengths are experimentally determined.

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Fluorine is the most electronegative because it only requires one more electron to reach stability.

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We should learn more about this in upcoming lectures.

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As you move across the period, the atomic number increases, thus more protons are present. This increases attraction causing the atomic radius to decrease.

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P electrons are farther from the nucleus, which causes them to have higher energy.

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Anions have the largest ionic radius since they have more electrons then the original atom, while cations have the smallest ionic radius since they have less electrons than the original atom.

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I'm assuming some time in between the end of week 5 and middle of week 6.

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Yeah, they are both exceptions to the octet rule.

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The italicized v is for frequency, whereas the normal v is for velocity.

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Yes, c will always be the speed of light.

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I don't think we need to know the definition word for word, but rather we should understand the concepts and how to apply them.

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You should round the final answer. When you round throughout the calculations, your final answer will likely be off by a tiny bit.

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I normally apply sig figs at the end when I get my final answer.

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I believe that doing the practice problems should be extremely helpful for the midterm.

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I do not believe so since the midterm will be in a multiple choice format.

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It must be positive because using a negative power will cause your result to be .02917 whereas the correct number is 291.7.

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You should start out the problem by finding the Molarity of the solution by using the given 2.111g of the solid and 250 ml of water. Find the molar mass of the sodium carbonate. Then divide the 2.111g of the solid by its molar mass in order to calculate for the moles of the solid. By doing this you ...

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