CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Thank you! I guess I am just confused about the 1 electron systems such as Hydrogen and He+. Wouldn't they be degenerate since they remain in the same orbital?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Would helium that has lost an electron technically count as a one electron system and thus it would be labelled as degenerate?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

What was the experiment name that proved light has wave properties?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

So to clarify, this formula is only used for the Hydrogen atom

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Isn't the n also squared?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

In lecture Dr. Lavelle drew out C2O2H4 and described how if the three H atoms around one of the Carbon atoms were replaced for Cl atoms. Can someone explain how this exchange enables resonance which makes it more acidic.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Can someone help explain how pH affects organic structures? I know it affects the charge and structure but I do not remember how. Thank you

Brett Lieuallen 2A

And for that matter how does water take a proton off another water to result in H3O+ + HO-

Brett Lieuallen 2A

How does water pull H off of COOH? Is it because the electrons of the carboxyl group are more disassociated than water?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

In the case of [Co(NH3)5Cl]ClH2O, why is the second Cl not part of the sphere of influence?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Could I have some help reviewing d orbitals? Each d orbital can only hold two electrons (i.e. up and down arrow), but there are 5 orbitals for d because it makes up 3-12 right?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Like you're saying, a photon does not have mass. And like others have said it has momentum due to its motion and energy. Thus, it does not have traditional 'rest mass'. This means that theoretically should the photon come to rest it would not have mass. However, it is given a theoretical mass due to...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

What does this mean? Does it mean that There is not enough energy to fill up the labeled orbital?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I do not know that the states of matter is necessary in 14A but it is good to put them in the equations as practice for higher courses

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Try associating the prefixes with things you remember. For example I associate deca with decade.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I believe this molecule is polar because the three Cl atoms have a higher electronegativity than H. As a result the electrons spend more time around the Cl atoms. This creates a negative charge on the Cl dense end of the molecule and a positive charge on the H end of the molecule.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Yes I believe the bond angle can differ based on the electronegativity of the atoms involved

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I may not be right, but the two Cl atoms are on the same side of the cis-dichloroethene molecule and thus on the same side of the double bond. Since Cl has a higher electronegativity than H, there is a greater shift of electrons towards the Cl atoms. And since they are on the same side of the double...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Can someone help describe the naming conventions of VSEPR. For example if a molecule were to have lone pairs, would the naming convention be based on the atoms or on the electron densities?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Yes it helps describe the general shape. It doesn't always help determine which section the lone pairs take up if there are numerous options on a plane. However, this shouldn't matter too much

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Is there a way to determine difference in atomic radii without looking at the periodic table? I know the trends for the periodic table. However, how do we compare across different periods and groups. For example, Cl is in a lower period than B, but is further to the right group wise, yet looking at ...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

On this topic, would ionic bonds with longer bond lengths be stronger than shorter bonds in water since it possesses a bit of a covalent character?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Can the VESPR model be used to determine polarity?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Furthermore you have to take into consideration the greater volume lone pairs take up. This ensures a greater bond angle

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I know that lone pairs take up greater volume but could someone explain again why they take up greater volume?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

The polarizability of anions decreases across the period because just as the electrons increase, so too do the protons. This means that the nuclear charge increases as you go across the period. This increase in nuclear charge means that there is greater pull on the electrons and thus the atoms hold ...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Wouldn't there always be a partial charge in a covalent bond, unless the molecule was formed between two identical atoms(i.e. H2)? Because there will be a difference in electronegativity and thus a slightly greater pull on the electrons

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I'm thinking there would be a mention of the molecule's solubility in water. I think that would be an easy way to test and see the characteristic of the bond

Brett Lieuallen 2A

In the example Ag is paired with different electronegative atoms. F- has the least electronegativity and I- has the highest. It is mentioned how the I- forms a weaker bond. But earlier in the lecture isn't it mentioned how higher electronegativity forms a more covalent bond? Wouldn't the I- bond be ...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Are atoms labelled as Lewis acids/bases based on the property of acids/bases? For example since Acids have more H+ this makes acids more accepting of electrons.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Going along with that, to clarify, the -2 electron charge is because this is an ionic bond which means electrons are given/accepted by the respective molecules. So one electron is given by each of the two NH4 molecules.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

How does low ionization energy ensure that the atom conducts electricity?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

So an atom that has a d block has more energy than an atom that precedes it in the period? For example a 3d atom has more energy than K or Ca(which are 4s atoms).

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Do the dots in a lewis structure matter in the order they are positioned or added. For example for atoms in a period, does the order electrons are added matter beyond making sure an electron fills one of the four positions before the next set of four are added? And do the electrons that are going to...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I know carbon can only form a triple bond with another carbon atom, but according to lewis structures there is another electron that can form a bond. Why can't carbon use this last electron and make a quadruple bond

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Is the the Electrostatic potential equation (q1)(q2)/r solve anything beyond being a conceptual point

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Is it the electron number of an atom that dictates the s-, p-, d-, f- numbers?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

How do you determine whether a one electron atom has 5s for example. Is it based on n?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I think that it was mentioned how anything above 3 is purely theoretical and is not possible in the elements that are known

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Yes, I believe the energy density distribution is the location and I guess it can be described as intensity of electrons

Brett Lieuallen 2A

In the wave model, energy is used to eject an electron from a substance. If the wave model were the only property of light, simply increasing the intensity of light should suffice to eject the electron. However, it was found that this does not always work. Thus, higher energy forms of light were nee...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

My thought is that because the Sun is so much closer, so much more light/radiation is sent in our direction. However, stars don't focus all their light/radiation in our direction, it is spread out. So only a small pinprick makes it to Earth. So it does make it Earth, just not in the same intensity a...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

I think of it as the frequency is continuous for as long as there is energy. So in the system that is the energy provided, the frequency is continuous.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

It is mentioned how energy levels go from say n=3 to n=1, but others don't go all the way back to n=1. Why does the energy level stay at n=2, when n=1 is the more stable form?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

So when the frequency matches the difference between levels, the photon is absorbed and excites the electron. However, when it does not match, an electron is emitted to become electromagnetic radiation that resembles the frequency of the incoming photon, which is why light 'goes through' substances ...

Brett Lieuallen 2A

How would you decide which charge to use for various atoms that can have different charges?

Brett Lieuallen 2A

You should go to the correct number of sig figs unless the problem asks you to round or go to a different number of sig figs

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Wouldn't we also be given access to a periodic table, which should have the molar mass

Brett Lieuallen 2A

Labeling the states of matter also helps you visualize the process that is being performed in the reaction. For example seeing how a solid is dissolved by a liquid to form a aqueous product.

Brett Lieuallen 2A

If there is the perfect amount of reactants that ensures neither reactant has excess, then I believe there would be no limiting reactants since neither reactant is limiting the other. Thus, no limiting reactants rather than two.

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