CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Shivani Kapur 2J

It was definitely easier than expected especially since I finished with a lot of time to review my answers, however I do feel like some of the questions were worded slightly interesting. There was also a lot more elaborate problems than those in the textbook in my opinion.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The standard EMF is equal to E naught of the cell. Hopefully this helps!

Shivani Kapur 2J

Hi, I saw this after the final but I hope your final went great and you didn't over stress yourself too much. I know how hard it can be when all you can think about is preparing more for finals especially when you have multiple within the same week. At least it's all over!!!

Shivani Kapur 2J

b o o s t !!!
Thank you for an awesome first two quarters at UCLA Dr. Lavelle, we really appreciate all the time and effort you put in this class for us :)

Shivani Kapur 2J

I'm planning on redoing my room! Doing school in my room all day has made it feel more boring and less exciting to come in here so I'm planning on changing it up a bit.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Intermediates are produced then consumed, while catalysts are present as "reactants" and then produced.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Aw, it's so nice of you to ask! I think I'll be devoting my summer to hopefully some local travel, two summer classes, and a job.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The overall order of the reaction can be determined by adding the individual orders together.

Shivani Kapur 2J

To be honest, I really enjoyed kinetics. I wish we got to spend more time on it.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I think we won't know until a while from now. All we can do is hope for the best!

Shivani Kapur 2J

I think we will have our final grades before we go for spring break!

Shivani Kapur 2J

Honestly, the Organic Chemistry Tutor is a really good resource to use, especially is you want to study a particular area more.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I personally hand-write my notes as I watch the lecture. I review them the week before the midterms and do the textbook problems.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Hi! I have heard that it really just depends on the person. People that absolutely hate gen-chem tend to think the o-chem is easier. Personally, I really liked gen-chem though so I really don't know what to expect.

Shivani Kapur 2J

E is not a state function as it does depend on the path taken.

Shivani Kapur 2J

In Chem 14A, he allotted the portion of the final to the amount of time we spent covering the material in lecture, so my guess is he would do the same this quarter.

Shivani Kapur 2J

n is representative of the moles of e-s transferred.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Yes, the oxidizing agent is the substance that is being reduced, and vice versa is true. The reducing agent is the substance being oxidized.

Shivani Kapur 2J

You should add H20 and OH- to balance reactions in basic solutions. It will usually tell you in the problem if it's acidic or basic.

Shivani Kapur 2J

In acidic solutions, you're supposed to use H+ and H2O to balance the equation while in basic solutions, you have to use OH-and H2O.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Adiabatic means the q=0 for the system. No heat energy can enter or leave the system.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I'm planning on taking chem 14c and LS 7A!

Shivani Kapur 2J

According to the syllabus, a 50% or higher is needed to pass the class.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Honestly white chocolate covered strawberries are a favorite right now.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I'm not sure it is completely possible but I think the best bet would be in a vacuum.

Shivani Kapur 2J

It feels so good. Honestly thankful fo rthe exam because it will make the review for the final a lot easier.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I don't trust atoms, I heard they make everything up.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I believe you can if you ask your TA!

Shivani Kapur 2J

I would but all the good ones Argon.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Add either 273.15 or 273 to your degrees celsius to convert to Kelvin.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Honestly, I'm feeling a little uneasy about this midterm because the content is more difficult compared to what we have done in the past. However, I'm sure that if you're putting in the time and effort to review the notes and do the textbook problems that you will do just fine!

Shivani Kapur 2J

The one with the degree symbol indicates that it is the entropy value at equilibrium. Hope this helps!

Shivani Kapur 2J

Since K is a ratio where all units cancel out, there are none.

Shivani Kapur 2J

These values are given to us on the equation sheet we can use on the test so I don't think you need to memorize them although it never hurts to!

Shivani Kapur 2J

The energy that is released from forming the bonds in the products is greater than the energy used to break the bonds in the reactants.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Definitely thought that Buccs were gonna win anyway. Wish the game could have been closer tho.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I think you can ask your TA and they can help you go over it one on one.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I don't believe we know how far we are going to get to by midterm 2 so far.

Shivani Kapur 2J

An example of where when heat is being added, it is actually being used to break the bonds and used as energy instead of an addition to the temperature.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I believe that HClO3 is a strong acid. Hope this helps!

Shivani Kapur 2J

Dr. Lavelle said to check and see if the ionization percentages are less than 5% but also if the K is less than 10^-3, then you can approximate.

Shivani Kapur 2J

A base and acid form a salt and water as the products, which results in a neutral pH of usually 7.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I definitely agree with where you're coming from. Midterm 1 last quarter was definitely easier than midterm 1 this quarter. Doing the textbook problems really helps so I recommend heavily studying those for the upcoming midterms :)

Shivani Kapur 2J

From my experience in 14A, Dr. Lavelle typically releases the scores about one week after the exam. However, we all took it on the same day this quarter so it may be a little different.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I've been using the TI-84 Plus CE claculator and it's been okay to use so far. I honestly think any calculator along those lines should work.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I would add the go-to classic chemistry joke in here, but all the good ones Argon.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The most accurate method for bond enthalpies is probably Hess's Method and using the summation equation of the standard enthalpies of formation.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Acids and bases act in a certain strict way. It's just a matter of how you look at them. Whether it's through receiving a proton of donating an electron, it is essentially one and the same.

Shivani Kapur 2J

While I think that sapling is also a great learning method, the tests lay more along the lines of the textbook problems based on my experience last quarter.

Shivani Kapur 2J

When Q = K, the reaction is at equilibrium. K will only change with a temperature change, but Q will change depending on factors such as changes in concentration and pressure.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Keeping a planner and reminding myself that I do not always need to be doing something for school helped me become more motivated and use the time that I do dedicate towards school be more efficient.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Temperature matters as it plays a key role in the ideal gas equation, PV=nRT.

Shivani Kapur 2J

You can manipulate the ideal gas equation to convert the equation into terms of either molarity or concentration. It just depends which one you use.

Shivani Kapur 2J

By adding heat to the products, the reaction shifts towards the left to restore equilibrium.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Kp should be used when dealing with gases. Hope this helps!

Shivani Kapur 2J

Hi Lucy! This is the link for the class GroupMe. https://groupme.com/join_group/62288203/dSSkobMS

Shivani Kapur 2J

I believe we will mostly be using atm for the extent of this class.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The aqueous solutions must be included.

Shivani Kapur 2J

An amphoteric substance has the liberty to either gain a proton or lose a proton. Usually, compounds with multiple Hydrogens can act as amphoteric substances.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Since Nickel is in the d-orbital, it is able to access its expanded octet!

Shivani Kapur 2J

I would post all my good chemistry jokes but all of them Argon.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I'm pretty sure this isn't going to be on the final but it exhibits either acid characteristics or base characteristics depending on what it is being added to.

Shivani Kapur 2J

As long as the energy from the photon is greater than the energy of the work function, electrons will eject using kinetic energy. These electrons move to higher energy states, gaining energy which makes them excited.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I think we are expected to know them. I would just memorize them just to be safe. Knowing them can never hurt anyway.

Shivani Kapur 2J

To be most efficient in my studying, I usually put on some music (not super intense) and let it play while I study. Sometimes an hour of studying will go by and I won't even notice. Also, I'd recommend to not study on your bed.

Shivani Kapur 2J

To be honest, I think it just depends on what kind of a learner you are. For me personally, doing applicational problems with the content I'm trying to memorize helps things stick more but if flash cards have worked for you in the past, then that's a really good way to memorize.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I have this question too. Does anyone know how the class has been curved in previous years.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The final is held on the weekend. It isn't during class time or discussion section.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Yes, molecules are read from left to right.

Shivani Kapur 2J

We will have tests during class time for Chem 14B so I don't recommend scheduling another class at the same time.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Drawing the molecule out really helps visualize if it's nonpolar or polar. Since the arrows both point outward from the Carbon to the Oxygens, the dipole moments cancel out and therefore the molecule in nonpolar.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The hybridization is the electron density around the atom. Double and triple bonds also just count as a single region of electron density.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I try to run for a little everyday but sometimes it's just hard to find motivation. It definitely helps me mentally to exercise though.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Just to be safe, I wouldn't speak upon it on here but you can go over them with your TA!

Shivani Kapur 2J

They aren't incorrect; however better formal charges are always preferred and more ideal.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The molecule is an overall nonpolar molecule since the dipoles do cancel our regardless of bond length.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I would think that we are going to use respondus and while the final won't be in our discussion sections, we're probably still going to be monitored somehow.

Shivani Kapur 2J

You can draw out the molecule and if it has dipoles that do not cancel, it is polar. You can also have a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I had this exact same question. I tried emailing my TA about it a few times but I didn't hear back so thank you so much for clarifying. It was stressing me out.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Since there are 4 Oxygens, each with a charge of -2, the total charge from Oxygens is -8. Since the overall charge on ClO4- is -1. The charge on Cl must be +7, and that is the oxidation number on Cl.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I believe it will contain material from the last 8 points on Outline 2 and all of Outline 3.

Shivani Kapur 2J

All molecules and compounds see London Dispersion forces. Dipole-dipole forces are shown as CH3CHO is a polar compound. Therefore, the differences in electronegativity lead to an unequal sharing of electrons and the presence of dipole - dipole forces.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Electronegativity decreases down a group as more shells get added. The addition of these valence shells results in the electrons being further away from the nucleus and therefore they see a smaller attraction to it.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I think they will be provided. I don't think we are expected to know compounds that extensively right now.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The Hydrogen must be able to create a strong dipole moment to bond to an electronegative element therefore bonding to another electronegative element will allow for the electrons to be shared unequally and allow for Hydrogen bonding to occur.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I don't think we need to know them in a lot of depth. However, there was a sapling problem on it so I would recommend reviewing how to do them but I don't think we will need to know how to do them extensively.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Because the p-orbitals are further away from the nucleus, it takes more energy to keep the electron while the s-orbitals are closer to the nucleus and see a stronger attraction to it therefore less energy is needed.

Shivani Kapur 2J

Atoms in n=3 or higher have d-orbitals in valence shells that can accommodate additional e-s. For example, phosphorus can accommodate 10 e-s using 1 d-orbital.

Shivani Kapur 2J

London dispersion is just another name for Van Der Waals. They are interchangeable. I don't think their distinction is important to know for the upcoming midterm.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The hydrogen must be bonded to an electronegative atom so it can create a dipole moment strong enough to create a Hydrogen bond. Electronegative elements that can Hydrogen bond include F, O, and N.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The formal charge that is closest to zero is most stable therefore the structure with low formal charges closest to zero are preferred.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The overall charge is -1. Since there are 4 Oxygens, each with a charge of -2. The charge on Cl must be +7 since (oxidation number on Cl) + (-2)4 = -1.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The formal charge on Carbon should be -2. Since Crabon has 4 valence electrons, 2 pairs of shared electrons, and 2 lone pairs of electrons. 4-(2+4) = -2. Hope this helps!

Shivani Kapur 2J

It should say SO2 instead. Dr. Lavelle addressed this issue.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The presence of the lone pairs most definitely contributes to the shape of the molecule but I believe we aren't getting into bond angles and shapes for the purposes of Midterm 2. I believe we are after though!

Shivani Kapur 2J

As ionic radius increases, the electrons show less attraction for the nucleus and thus the atom is more readily polarizable leading to a decrease in ionic character.

Shivani Kapur 2J

I believe everything from where we ended off for on outline 2 up to Wednesday's lecture will be included on the midterm.

Shivani Kapur 2J

We don't need to know how to calculate them but we do need to know which bond lengths are stronger and shorter compared to which bond lengths are longer and weaker.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The least electronegative atom goes in the center so for example Carbon would go in the center instead of Oxygen.

Shivani Kapur 2J

The Organic Chemistry Tutor is really good! I would also recommend taking the module assessments and watching Professor Lavelle's modules on topics you need clarification on.

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