CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe the n refers to the number of moles of electrons transferred in the half redox reactions.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction is occurring in the cathode.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Yes, unless the question says that phases are optional, I would say include the states of matter.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Yes, I think you just find the ion that you are looking for in the table and the equation that applies to it, and from there you can see the reduction potential.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe that you just need to make sure the equation is balanced correctly, i.e. having the coefficient of 6 instead of 3 in front of the H20.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I feel like having to balance work and school forces you to manage your time more efficiently because if you don't you can fall way behind (especially since classes are online). That happened to me last quarter, and it can be pretty stressful but I've been trying to be more productive!

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

The standard molar enthalpy is either given to you or found in the standard enthalpy of formation of the products minus the standard enthalpy of formation of the reactants.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

The gas constant you use depends on the units you have to convert to in the problem, whether they be L*atm, J, L*Torr, etc.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

They are the same equation, just one has a negative sign factored out so it appears at the front of the equation.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Depending on the context of the problem, K can either refer to the equilibrium constant or the temperature in Kelvin.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe the R value you use depends on the units that are given to you and which ones the question asks you to end up with, whether it be J/K*mol, L*bar/K*mol, or any of the other possible values.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think depending on the type of question and which units are given, that is how to tell whether or not to convert from Celsius to Kelvin or vice versa.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think in this case, the delta H value is more useful in finding the entropy of the surroundings as opposed to the system itself.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Delta G by itself refers to change in Gibbs free energy given certain conditions, whereas delta G° refers to standard Gibbs free energy under standard conditions.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Yes, work is positive when the system is being compressed, while it is negative when the system is expanding.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I usually try to look at the units in order to see which R constant to use (atm vs J).

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

If the reaction is exothermic, then q will be negative, and if it is positive that means the reaction is endothermic.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe external pressure is that which compresses or acts outside of a system.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I first found the number of moles of N2 by using the ratio of moles of NaN3 first. I then plugged that answer into the ideal gas law to find the volume, using that volume in the equation w= -P*deltaV.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I used the initial volume when finding the number of moles because the final volume is reached after the expansion pathways, and I think we need the number of moles before the expansion happens in order for the equation to make sense later on.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe Dr. Lavelle described the conjugate seesaw as being along the lines of the stronger the acid, the weaker its conjugate base, and the stronger the base, the weaker its conjugate acid.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

If you are given the Ka value, you can just use the -log(Ka) in order to find the pKa value.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think the assumption can only be made when the K value is less than 10^-3, otherwise, you have to just use the normal method of finding x.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe you use the quadratic formula to solve for x (the change in concentration), which is then plugged into the percent ionization equation. (dividing the newly found x by the initial concentration then multiplying by 100)

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

We are usually given some of the initial molar concentrations, as they usually indicate the reactants that form the product.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

It depends on whether or not you are given the product's or the reactant's initial molar concentration. If it is the reactants (left side), then the molar concentration would have to decrease in order to create the product.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think Dr. Lavelle said we would not be using any non-ideal gases in this course, but more likely in higher-division classes.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think it's easier to keep the t units in Kelvin in the long run.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe the value of R depends on which units are used in the problem.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I don't remember Dr. Lavelle explaining why the coefficients become the exponents, just that they do as part of the formula.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe bars and atm are very similar, so it would probably just depend on the problem and the units given.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

It updates from day to day, as sometimes I'll check and it won't be updated even though I know I did an assignment. Usually it is fixed by the next day, however, so if it is not updated in a few days you might want to contact Dr. Lavelle or your TA.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe it is a 50% of all the points from tests and homework and stuff that count towards you passing the class.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I have also been considering switching my major, although I am not 100% sure what it is I want to do yet so I have been trying to take a variety of classes to see which ones are most aligned with my interests and passions.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I don't think they are mandatory for a grade, I also forgot to fill out a few of them because of finals.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I had the same issue, I just tried switching to different browsers and a VPN but eventually, they started loading again. I am not sure how it was fixed but it took a while.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe the suffix -ate follows a compound name if it has an overall negative charge.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I don't think Dr. Lavelle expects us to differentiate for 14A, just that there are 4 coordinate covalent bonds in both.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

The ligand charts definitely helped me, since I was able to see which prefixes correlated with which number of ligands.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I am pretty sure that these two terms are interchangeable, as they are used that way on the homework and practice problems.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe finding the coordination number has to do with looking at the number of ligands bound to a central metal atom.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I like to think of it as axial being up and down (sort of like an x and y-axis) while equatorial is a horizontal plane (like the Earth's equator).

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe pi bonds are found in double and triple bonds (1 and 2 pi bonds, respectively) and sigma bonds are found in single, double, and triple bonds.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think that the most stable Lewis structure is usually the one we use to decide the shape of a molecule, or at least that is what Dr. Lavelle did in his lectures.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe that charges do not necessarily affect VSEPR theory, as it is more focused on lone pair electrons and bonded pair electrons.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Lone pairs do affect molecular shape, as I believe they provide more repulsion than bonded electron pairs.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe a larger surface area (more interaction between electrons) allows for stronger London dispersion forces.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think one way you can determine viscosity is by looking at things like the flow rate (putting it through a viscometer to determine how fast or slow it flows through a tube).

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe that the higher the boiling and/or melting point of a substance is, the stronger the intermolecular forces within it (as the bonds are stronger and harder to break).

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think that if one of the molecules is nonpolar, then it is a dipole-induced -dipole interaction whereas if both molecules are polar with a dipole at all times, it is a dipole-dipole interaction.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I find it helpful to think of Lewis acids as the electron deficient compound that accepts electrons whereas the Lewis base in a reaction is the compound or molecule that provides electrons (donates) to form a coordinate covalent bond.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think looking at intermolecular forces/interactions like London or Van der Waals forces help understand the differences in boiling points between two compounds, as those with stronger forces will need more energy to break the interactions, resulting in a higher boiling point.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I don't think that a hydrogen bond is a coordinate covalent bond, as a coordinate covalent bond is a bond in which one of the atoms provides both of the electrons needed to form that bond, whereas a hydrogen bond typically occurs between two molecules.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think the hydrogen bond acceptor does not need to be attached to another hydrogen itself, but just needs to have a partial negative charge.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I don't think we've learned how to actually calculate electronegativity, just the trends in the periodic table (which for electronegativity, increases across a period and decreases down a group).

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think electron affinity is basically the likelihood that an atom will gain an electron, based on the amount of energy released when a neutral atom gains an electron.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Double bonds are shorter than single bonds because they are stronger, so the electrons are closer together than in a single bond.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Dr. Lavelle explained in his lecture on orbitals that there are 5 d-orbitals in total, with 3 of them being located in xy-yz-zx planes, 1 being along the x and y axis, and 1 being located along the z-axis and a donut in the xy-plane.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

This was very helpful in my understanding of some of the homework problems this week, thank you!

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

The main one in this problem that helps you find the number of electrons, as the l number is based on what orbital you are in. Since it is l=2, that means it is a d-orbital, which can hold up to 5 sublevels, each of which can hold 2 electrons.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think ionization energy increases as you move towards the top of the periodic table because of how close the electrons are to the nucleus, whereas elements with many shells have less pull on the outermost electrons.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think the two "directions" of the spin state are just to differentiate the two from each other, not necessarily up and down in terms of the axis line.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe Delta X refers to the uncertainty in position, like how delta v stands for uncertainty in velocity.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I agree that thinking of it as n(final)-n(initial) is more practical than n1 and n2, as you can just think of it as the energy level it ends up at minus the energy level it started at.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe it is just the Lyman and Balmer Series that we need to know for the midterm, as those are the main ones we use in the homework and textbook practice problems.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think it's mostly (for our purposes) used when we're trying to find velocity, at least that is what we've been doing with homework and textbook problems.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Thank you guys for clarifying! I wasn't sure how much of the particle in a box concept I should review for the midterm, as I remember Dr. Lavelle saying we wouldn't need to know everything for the first midterm during lecture.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I think the outcome they expected was that a higher intensity of light would result in more electrons being emitted, but since there was not as much emission based on the intensity of the light when the experiment was done, they found that light did not just have wave properties.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

The way that Dr. Lavelle explained it, a photon is a "packet" of energy that constitutes light. These photons interact with electrons in the photoelectric effect.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Seeing all of these answers helps me understand further the concept behind the photoelectric effect, as I was still a bit confused on high and short wavelengths and the energy threshold.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I believe Dr. Lavelle stated that we wouldn't necessarily be going in depth on black body radiation in this class, so I don't think we need to know any equations for it as of now.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

For me, taking notes during the lectures and highlighting key concepts or learning objectives helps me to better understand what I am learning. I also pay attention to practice problems or examples given in discussion section to further understand certain steps or ideas I might have been confused ab...

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Thanks for clarifying, I also wasn't sure if these two terms were interchangeable. Now that I am aware of this I probably won't think of something else if I see reagent being used instead of reactant on homework or a quiz or something.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I also used 100g because in every example Dr. Lavelle has used in finding molar mass, it was much easier to assume a 100g sample (when given percentages). In this case, I guess the error allowed us to simplify our calculations a little bit.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Yeah I was also confused about finding the molar masses, and I tried to solve it multiple times but I was finally able to realize that the molar ratios of the reactant and the product were equal so finding them at first was not totally necessary.

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

Seeing the steps one by one made it much easier to go through the problem, since it's been a while for me since I've done any calculations like this. Thank you guys it really helped me understand what I was doing!

Alejandro Gonzalez 2G

I'm not 100% sure based on the context of the problems being mentioned, but I think formula units basically refers to the empirical formula (or the lowest ratio possible of ions) of an ionic compound, whereas molecules refer to the individual components in covalent compounds.

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