CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

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It is redundant but you definitely won't lose points for it! But when you are reading something and it doesn't have a number, you can reasonably assume that it is 1.

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Yes. They have different formulas stated on our equation sheet.

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We'll work for irreversible processes is P x delta V. P delta V is also equal to delta nRT. You can calculate it from there.

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it means does not equal

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Because .25=1/4. 1/4=(1/2)^2. Therefore, to find the "fourth life" you just multiply the half life by 2.

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No. there are only quantitative ways.

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Because BrO3 is the term corresponding with Br.

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Basically, your reduction (cathode) equation will be the one that has the more positive cell potential. Therefore, your anode will be the one that is less positive. Since Ecell= Ecathode - Eanode, your Ecell would be positive, making the reaction spontaneous and favorable.

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You can replace it! Try to figure out which equation to use based on the equation that they give you.

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They mean the same.

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Well, you need to change 1 kg of steam at 180 degrees to an ice cube at 0 degrees. So, it is the heat it takes to lower the temp to 100 degrees, then the heat it takes to turn it to water, then the heat it takes to lower the temperature of water to 0 degrees, then the heat it takes to turn it to ice...

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Most of the time they state it in the question. If it is reversible, work is usually -nRTln(V2/V1). If it is not reversible, work is normally -PdV.

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It will be stated as "perfect" i would assume. Since S=KlnW, W would be 1 in a perfect system and S would be 0.

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Imagine a container with a piston on top. Work done on the system would be if someone pushed the piston down. This would be Positive Work. Work done by the system would be if the piston pushed up into the surrounding environment, increasing the volume of the system. This would be Negative Work.

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Usually irreversible processes occur under constant pressure and irreversible processes do not. Irreversible processes do more work.

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A state function does not depend on the path taken. For example, work is not a state function because the amount of work done does depend on the path that you take, not just the initial and final values.

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If you graph a reversible process and the irreversible process changing the same amount of volume, you will clearly be able to see that the reversible process does more work based on the area under the curve.

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No. In isolated systems, delta U= 0 because no heat can be transferred from the system and the environment and no work can be done on the system. q=0 and w=0

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If you graph the two, it is pretty easy to see that a reversible process does more work. The area under the curve is greater.

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Because it completely isolates it from it's outside environment so that there is no interaction.

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The temperature remains constant during a phase change because the heat is being used to break the bonds, not raise the temperature. This is why on a temperature curve, you can tell a phase change is happening when the line plateaus.

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Yes, they would have to be on opposite sides.

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I find that the easiest way is to draw them out to see if they cancel. Also a general rule of thumb is that if the atoms are symmetric around a central atom, then the dipole moments do cancel (such as in a trigonal planar model). Also, cis is if the dipoles are on the same side of the molecule. Tran...

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A bond is ionic if it has a charge. There is a cation and an anion involved, where the cation loses an electron and becomes positively charged, and the anion gains one and becomes negatively charged. You put brackets and then a superscript to the right.

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Question: Can you explain the difference between ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity? I get them all confused, especially the last two listed. Electronegativity is how strongly an atom attracts a pair of electrons (a stronger pull). Ionization energy is the amount of energy ne...

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I feel like electronegativity is the most essential one. It increases as you go up and to the right.

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They are both correct. But always go with the whole numbers. Especially if its a problem involving chemical equilibrium because if you didn't use whole numbers, your K value would be incorrect.

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Start with one element and balance it by placing coefficients. Then keep going until they all work out. Make sure that your coefficients are the smallest possible whole numbers. Ex. if you ever have 2, 2, and 4, as your coefficients, change them to 1, 1, and 2.

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Delta x is the uncertainty in position. So if they say that an electron is in its nuclear diameter, the diameter would be your uncertainty in position because it could be anywhere in this location. Or if they say that the location is 2.0m +/- 1, your uncertainty would be 2 because it could be betwee...

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Well, Energy or hv= Work needed to remove an electron + the Kinetic Energy. So you plug in the given information and find out what you need.

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Yes. You always need to keep the units in mind. If not, the equations do not apply.

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Just remember this simple formula: actual/theoretical * 100

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If light acted as a wave in the photoelectric effect, then increasing the intensity would increase the amplitude and therefore cause electrons to be emitted. But none were. This shows that it does not act as a wave, but instead as a particle. The only way they could emit electrons was when they used...

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He said that all these different names pretty much refer to the same thing.

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It doesn't matter much. Just use the speed provided on the test.

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Shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies. E= planks constant times frequency. Higher frequency will give you a higher energy.

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It is an uncertainty equation and therefore only gives you the uncertainty of either position and/or velocity.

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If two orbitals are in phase, then they are bonding. These bonding orbitals will stabilize the molecule. If two orbitals are out of phase, then they are anti bonding, and will not stabilize the molecule.

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Basically, the weaker the A-H bond, the easier it is for H20 to remove the H+. So weaker bonds are more acidic.

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You would just put as many sigfigs as are provided in the question.

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pOH is -log of the concentration of OH. You use either depending on the information you are given.

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Jordanmjones13 wrote:Do you know if the problems will specifically tell us how many significant figures to use?

Evamae Bayudan 1B wrote:Will we be penalized for putting extra significant figures?

No. Your answer should have the same number of sigfigs as the number in the question with the lowest number of sigfigs

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Evamae Bayudan 1B wrote:Will we be penalized for putting extra significant figures?

Yes. You'll lose a point because you are making it seem like you have more accuracy than you actually do.

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