CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! The rule is that you want the absolute lowest number on a substituent, not the lowest sum. As the course reader states 1<2, so the name including 1 is correct. Just for an example, if I as picking between a name that had the numbers 2 and 3 or a name that had the numbers 1 and 14 (not really sur...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! You are right in that this problem is definitely a tricky one. I think the logic of the solution is that we can find the reaction quotient and we can make an equation representing [O2] using the experiments. Step 1: Q= 1/[O2] comes from the overall reaction on the top of the left hand page. We d...

Christopher Reed 1H

Constitutional isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula and different connectivity. They will all have different names. So any cycloalkane where I can count up 8 carbons and 16 hydrogens is a constitutional isomer. One of the easiest ways to do this is to start with your basic cycl...

Christopher Reed 1H

If you read the question carefully, you can see it says "Draw curved arrows in the mechanism below." This would imply that the mechanism is already drawn out and that one would have to draw the arrows in.

The rate law is given in the problem and does not need to be solved for.

Christopher Reed 1H

Reaction coordinate is synonymous with reaction progress.

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! In step one of the reaction two bonds are broken: pi bond in c=c double bond in propENE and H-Br sigma bond. In step two of the reaction not bonds are broken, rather one is formed. Since more bonds were broken in step one than step two, the activation energy of step 1 will be greater than step 2...

Christopher Reed 1H

If the catalyst is in the rate determining step, then it must be listed in the overall rate law because its presence, or lack of, will affect the rate of reaction.

Christopher Reed 1H

The hydrogens are omitted because the line diagram would be too complex with them. They are shown in some places because those are the regions we are inspecting.

Christopher Reed 1H

Typically k is the rate constant for the forward reaction and k' is the rate constant for the reverse reaction. $k_{1}$ can also represent the forward reaction rate constant and $k_{-1}$ represents that of the reverse. In practice though, as long as you define what your rate constant is you're okay.

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! The differential rate law is not fit for this sort of problem because the variable of time is not included. -\frac{d[A]}{dt}=k[A]^{n} Which says that the concentration of A decreases over time in proportion to the concentration of A (itself), raised to the power of n. Where n is called the order...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! I don't think there is any particular advantage either way. On one hand by dividing by negative k you need to remember to flip A/A0 to A0/A. But one the other, if you divide by positive k you need to remember that your answer will come out as a negative time and that it needs to be positive in y...

Christopher Reed 1H

If you look closely you can see that the problem is divided into two parts. The entropy change due to temperature ALONE is calculated. We make volume constant in this case. Then the entropy change due to volume ALONE is calculated. Since we are only considering a change in volume we can use equation...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! I have looked into your question as I was wondering the same thing as well. For starters, in the quiz it mentions that T=0K so we know that nothing is moving/vibrating. When T=0K I believe (someone correct me if I'm wrong) that we are only to look at the structure because nothing is moving. A wa...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! The question asks to calculate K and dG0 at 298 K for the following redox reaction: Mn2+ + Br2 --> MnO4- +Br- I was able to solve for dG0 by using dG0 = -nFE0 and obtained the same answer as the answer key. When I try to solve for K using dG0 = -RTln(K) I find the K is equal to 1.35x10^-72. The ...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi!

The equations are already balanced. On the reactants side there are 2 bariums and 2 oxygens. On the products side there are 2 bariums and 2 oxygens. No further manipulation is needed.

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! Let's not forget the \Delta U=q+w ! As you stated, for isothermal processes dU is zero. We can rearrange the formula to look like this: q=-w So if we said q was zero, this wouldn't make sense. It would be as if nothing is happening because your change in internal energy is zero, your work is zer...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! I am having difficulty understanding why dS(total) is positive. What are the cues in the question that give this away? Furthermore, if a reaction is spontaneous (dS(total) >0) why is it that dG is not less than zero? I think I'm a little mixed up...if anyone could help answer my questions I woul...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! First thing to remember is that \Delta S^{\circ}=\frac{\Delta H^{\circ}}{T} , where in this case deltaH will be the enthalpy of fusion. The enthalpy of fusion of ice is 6.01 kJ.mol-1 and in this case since we are freezing water it will be -6.01 kJ.mol-1. The value on your periodic table is going...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hello! The value of 6.01 kJ/mol is the enthalpy of fusion for water. I would not concern yourself with Gibbs Free Energy at the moment. You need to use the enthalpy of fusion because your starting sample is ICE and you want your final to be a LIQUID. In other words, the enthalpy of fusion is for whe...

Christopher Reed 1H

Sorry about the confusion, let me state the question in its entirety. The question states: "Use the information in Tables 8.3, 8.6, and 8.7 to estimate the enthalpy of formation of each of the following compounds in the liquid state." I am specifically interested in how to do this for H2O....

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi all. I am stuck on letter a) of number 67 of the chapter 8 homework. Looking at the solution manual, I understand the equation and all the calculations that lead to the change in enthalpy being -242kJ/mol. However, I think I am misunderstanding what this value represents. Why is it that -242kJ/mo...

Christopher Reed 1H

What kind of fish is made of sodium?

2Na!

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! Part A: To answer your question about where the pH of 13.25 came from, it was given in the problem. Since we know that 14 = pH + pOH and that the pH is 13.25, we can find that the pOH is 0.75. Given the pOH we can find the concentration of hydroxide ions by remembering some log rules. We know th...

Christopher Reed 1H

Q: What is the name of 007's Eskimo cousin?

A: Polar Bond

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! I am sure you know how to solve this problem because it's just an ICE box problem is disguise. I am going to put a disclaimer at the beginning that I cannot figure what sig fig rules the solution uses so my answer will be slightly off. If someone could clarify what rounding needs to occur to get...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! The above response is correct, however I would like to mention something that may clear up the situation further. I believe that Professor Lavelle mentioned that there is one pair of electrons on NO2 that contributes to bonding in a transition metal complex. While there are two lone pairs, ammin...

Christopher Reed 1H

A photon walks into a hotel. The desk clerk says, "Welcome to our hotel. Can we help you with your luggage?" The photon says, "No thanks, I'm traveling light."

Happy Friday!

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! Electron affinity is how much an atom wants to gain an electron. An atom will want to gain an electron if is super close to obtaining a half full orbital, a full orbital, or an octet in terms of valence electrons. In terms of periodicity, electron affinity increase from left to right and bottom ...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! I know someone has already kindly answered your question, but I thought you might like another explanation. (: A. Though the problem gives you n, you only really need l to find the number of electrons in this case. Ml is all the integral values of l, in this case -1, 0, 1. In each of these subor...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! You are correct in stating that when an orbital goes from (n)S --> (n+1)P the value of n, l and the radius increase. You can tell the value of n increases because you can look at the "coefficient" of the letter. In this case it increased from 1 to 2. Since the value of l is calculated ...

Christopher Reed 1H

Think of the question asking you to find the length of each individual "part" that makes up one meter, given the total number of "parts." You would do this by dividing (partitioning) one meter by the total number of parts given. Having said this, replace the word part with "...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! I can see why you are confused when you look at this problem as there is an excess of information given. To calculate the energy per photon all we need is Plank's constant, the speed of light and the wavelength (which is given as 1850 nm). E = \frac{hc}{\lambda } E = \frac{6.62608x10^{-34}Js*2.9...

Christopher Reed 1H

Hi! Question 23 is asking you to calculate the wave length of these gamma waves given the energy in KeV (Kiloelectronvolts). The first step is to convert from KeV to Joules, the SI unit for energy. 140.511 KeV * \frac{1.6022x10^{-19} J}{1 KeV} = 2.513x10^{-14} J Now we have the energy of the gamma r...

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