CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY
Created by Dr. Laurence Lavelle
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Chem 14A
Review of Chemical & Physical Principles
SI Units, Unit Conversions
Significant Figures
Accuracy, Precision, Mole, Other Definitions
Molarity, Solutions, Dilutions
Empirical & Molecular Formulas
Balancing Chemical Reactions
Limiting Reactant Calculations
The Quantum World
Properties of Light
Properties of Electrons
Einstein Equation
*Black Body Radiation
Photoelectric Effect
Bohr Frequency Condition, H-Atom , Atomic Spectroscopy
DeBroglie Equation
Heisenberg Indeterminacy (Uncertainty) Equation
*Shrodinger Equation
*Particle in a Box
Wave Functions and s-, p-, d-, f- Orbitals
Quantum Numbers and The H-Atom
Electron Configurations for Multi-Electron Atoms
Trends in The Periodic Table
Chemical Bonds
Ionic & Covalent Bonds
Sigma & Pi Bonds
Lewis Structures
Resonance Structures
Formal Charge and Oxidation Numbers
Octet Exceptions
Coordinate Covalent Bonds
Polarisability of Anions, The Polarizing Power of Cations
Electronegativity
Dipole Moments
Bond Lengths & Energies
Forces and Liquid Structure
Interionic and Intermolecular Forces (Ion-Ion, Ion-Dipole, Dipole-Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole, Dispersion/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole/London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding)
*Liquid Structure (Viscosity, Surface Tension, Liquid Crystals, Ionic Liquids)
Molecular Shape and Structure
Determining Molecular Shape (VSEPR)
Hybridization
*Molecular Orbital Theory (Bond Order, Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism)
Coordination Compounds and their Biological Importance
Naming
Shape, Structure, Coordination Number, Ligands
Biological Examples
Industrial Examples
*Stereochemistry
*Crystal Field Theory
*Molecular Orbital Theory Applied To Transition Metals
Acids and Bases
Properties & Structures of Inorganic & Organic Acids
Properties & Structures of Inorganic & Organic Bases
Amphoteric Compounds
Lewis Acids & Bases
Bronsted Acids & Bases
Conjugate Acids & Bases
Acidity & Basicity Constants and The Conjugate Seesaw
Calculating pH or pOH for Strong & Weak Acids & Bases
Polyprotic Acids & Bases
Identifying Acidic & Basic Salts
Calculating the pH of Salt Solutions
Air Pollution & Acid Rain
Chem 14A Uploaded Files (Worksheets, etc.)
Student Social/Study Group
Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
General Science Questions
*Aqueous Equilibria
*Making Buffers & Calculating Buffer pH (Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation)
*Biological Importance of Buffer Solutions
*Titrations & Titration Calculations
*Indicators
Chem 14B
Chemical Equilibrium
Ideal Gases
Equilibrium Constants & Calculating Concentrations
Non-Equilibrium Conditions & The Reaction Quotient
Applying Le Chatelier's Principle to Changes in Chemical & Physical Conditions
Thermochemistry
Phase Changes & Related Calculations
Reaction Enthalpies (e.g., Using Hess’s Law, Bond Enthalpies, Standard Enthalpies of Formation)
Heat Capacities, Calorimeters & Calorimetry Calculations
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamic Systems (Open, Closed, Isolated)
Thermodynamic Definitions (isochoric/isometric, isothermal, isobaric)
Calculating Work of Expansion
Concepts & Calculations Using First Law of Thermodynamics
Concepts & Calculations Using Second Law of Thermodynamics
Third Law of Thermodynamics (For a Unique Ground State (W=1): S -> 0 as T -> 0) and Calculations Using Boltzmann Equation for Entropy
Entropy Changes Due to Changes in Volume and Temperature
Calculating Standard Reaction Entropies (e.g. , Using Standard Molar Entropies)
Gibbs Free Energy Concepts and Calculations
Van't Hoff Equation
Environment, Fossil Fuels, Alternative Fuels
Biological Examples (*DNA Structural Transitions, etc.)
Electrochemistry
Balancing Redox Reactions
Galvanic/Voltaic Cells, Calculating Standard Cell Potentials, Cell Diagrams
Work, Gibbs Free Energy, Cell (Redox) Potentials
Appications of the Nernst Equation (e.g., Concentration Cells, Non-Standard Cell Potentials, Calculating Equilibrium Constants and pH)
Interesting Applications: Rechargeable Batteries (Cell Phones, Notebooks, Cars), Fuel Cells (Space Shuttle), Photovoltaic Cells (Solar Panels), Electrolysis, Rust
Chemical Kinetics
Kinetics vs. Thermodynamics Controlling a Reaction
General Rate Laws
Method of Initial Rates (To Determine n and k)
Zero Order Reactions
First Order Reactions
Second Order Reactions
Reaction Mechanisms, Reaction Profiles
Arrhenius Equation, Activation Energies, Catalysts
*Enzyme Kinetics
Experimental Details
Environment, Ozone, CFCs
Biological Examples
Chem 14B Uploaded Files (Worksheets, etc.)
Student Social/Study Group
Administrative Questions and Class Announcements
General Science Questions
*Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Organic Reactions
*Electrophiles
*Nucleophiles
*Organic Reaction Mechanisms in General
*Electrophilic Addition
*Nucleophilic Substitution
*Free Energy of Activation vs Activation Energy
*Complex Reaction Coordinate Diagrams
*Names and Structures of Organic Molecules
*Alkanes
*Cycloalkanes
*Alkenes
*Cycloalkenes
*Alkynes
*Constitutional and Geometric Isomers (cis, Z and trans, E)
*Haloalkanes
*Haloalkenes
*Alcohols
*Ethers
*Aldehydes
*Ketones
*Carboxylic Acids
*Amines
*Identifying Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary Carbons, Hydrogens, Nitrogens
*Conformations of Organic Molecules
*Alkanes and Substituted Alkanes (Staggered, Eclipsed, Gauche, Anti, Newman Projections)
*Cyclopropanes and Cyclobutanes
*Cyclopentanes
*Cyclohexanes (Chair, Boat, Geometric Isomers)
*Calculations Using ΔG° = -RT ln K
*ChemDraw
*Chem3D
Chem 14C/D Topics
Resonance in Organic Compounds
Stereochemistry in Organic Compounds (Chirality, Stereoisomers, R/S, d/l, Fischer Projections)
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