Equatorial and Axial vs Cis and Trans

[Jake Ney lecture 1 discussion 1F]

How does cis and trans relate to axial and equatorial. For example if two substituents on a cyclohexane are cis does this mean that they both have to be equatorial or that they both have to be axial?. Furthermore how does this translate to drawing cis and trans substituents? Thanks.

[Madeline Offerman 3G]

Cis and trans are determined by if the molecules are up or down in relation to the ring. Both the equatorial and axial positions can be either up or down. To be cis, they must be either both up or both down, regardless of if they are both equatorial, both axial, or one of each. To be trans, one is up and one is down.