induced dipoles

[dtolentino1E]

how do induced dipoles happen? and what are some examples of a dipole-induced dipole molecules?

[Ashley Kim 3F]

Induced dipoles occur when temporary and fluctuating electron densities create a net favorable attractive force. Dipole-induced dipoles usually occur between a polar and nonpolar molecule.

[Gwen Casillan 3E]

Some examples of dipole-induced dipoles are HCl and N₂, H₂O and O₂, and H₂O and Br₂

[Justin Quan 4I]

To add on, induced dipoles forms when a polar molecule induces a dipole movement in another atom or a non-polar molecule by disrupting the electron arrangement in that non-polar molecule. This is why it's call induced dipole.

[805394719]

Induced dipole-induced dipole interactions are a result of fluctuating electron densities. For example, if you put two nonpolar molecules together that do not contain any dipoles in their bonds, there would be no interaction between the molecules that was due to a difference in charges such as partial charges as in the case of dipoles. However, since electrons are not static and move around in their orbitals, the fluctuating positions of electrons will cause momentarily or temporarily positively or negatively charged regions. Imagine if you had a hydrogen atom with one electron. Because that electron is moving around, the region with the electron at the moment will become slightly negatively charged whereas the region that is free of electrons will be slightly positively charged. Induced dipole-induced dipole interactions are a result of the exact same thing. When two molecules come together, their atoms will have electrons that are fluctuating that will cause one region to be positive and one to be negative which will then be attracted to each other. Because the electrons will repel each other, the electrons of individual atoms will be positioned again according to the electrons in the other individual atom of another molecule. So there will be two poles known as a dipole within the same molecule which will cause the two molecules to be attracted to each other.

[Shivam Rana 1D]

Induced dipoles occur when polar molecules cause shifts in the electron density of non-polar molecules.