## isothermal system

isochoric/isometric: $\Delta V = 0$
isothermal: $\Delta T = 0$
isobaric: $\Delta P = 0$

Tiffany Cao 1D
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Joined: Fri Sep 29, 2017 7:03 am
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### isothermal system

When a system is isothermal, does that mean that temperature is constant? Why does this also mean that change in internal energy is also 0?

Andres Reynoso 1J
Posts: 30
Joined: Fri Sep 29, 2017 7:06 am

### Re: isothermal system

Yes, when a system is isothermal it means that there is no temperature change in the system and thus the temperature would be constant. Only for ideal gases does this mean that the change in internal energy is 0 because, for ideal gases, $\Delta U = \frac{3}{2}nR\Delta T$ and $\Delta T = 0$ (Anything multiplied by 0 equals 0).

Sarah Maraach 2K
Posts: 31
Joined: Thu Jul 27, 2017 3:00 am

### Re: isothermal system

A good way to remember the types of systems is to break apart the word, so iso: same and thermal: temperature-related. Since the temperature is the same throughout the reaction, it would follow that Tf - Ti would equal 0. Then, in calculation, your change in internal energy would also be 0.

Yea Eun Lee 1H
Posts: 33
Joined: Fri Sep 29, 2017 7:06 am

### Re: isothermal system

But when an ideal gas expands isothermally, volume increases and pressure decreases. Since volume increased, the system did work on the surroundings...so wouldn't work be non-zero, making the change in internal energy non-zero as well?

Manvir2K
Posts: 32
Joined: Fri Sep 29, 2017 7:05 am

### Re: isothermal system

Internal energy is a state function, but work is not. Therefore, how the change in internal energy occurred doesn't matter since it will always be 0 in isothermal system. However, the path that work takes is important and needs to be calculated, since it doesn't always equal 0 in an isothermal system. the only thing we know for sure is that q=-w in isothermal system.