Fundamentals M.9

Michelle_Nguyen_3F · Postby **Michelle_Nguyen_3F** » Sat Oct 08, 2016 3:03 pm

Copper (II) nitrate reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce a precipitate of light blue copper(II) hydroxide. (a) Write the net ionic equation for the reaction.

I am a bit rusty on this, so my question is, how would we go about writing the net ionic equation for this particular reaction, or any reaction, in general? Thank you!

Britney Pheng 1L · Postby **Britney Pheng 1L** » Sun Oct 09, 2016 2:35 am

Hi Michelle!

What I do first is write out the complete equation:
$Cu(NO_{3})_{2} (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) \rightarrow Cu(OH)_{2} (s) + 2 NaNO_{3} (aq)$
(We get $2 NaNO_{3}$ from the other products in the chemical reaction)

Next, we want to write out the complete ionic equation, which is just all the dissociated ions in the equation: $Cu^{2+} (aq)+2 NO_{3}^{-} (aq) + 2 Na^{+} (aq) + 2OH^{-} (aq) \rightarrow Cu(OH)_{2} (s) + 2 Na^{+} (aq) + 2NO_{3}^{-} (aq)$
( $Cu(OH)_{2}$ is not changed because it is insoluble. This is where solubility rules come into play, which lets you know the ionic compounds that will not dissociate)

Then, we can get our net ionic equation by cancelling out the ions that are on both sides of the reaction arrow
(These are called spectator ions and they do not participate in the reaction)

When simplified, we get the net ionic equation:
$Cu^{2+} (aq) + 2OH^{-} (aq) \rightarrow Cu(OH)_{2} (s)$

So as a quick summary:
- Write out the complete molecular equation
- Write out the complete ionic equation by separating the compounds (using solubility rules)
- Cancel out the spectator ions on both sides to get the net ionic equation

Hope that helps!

Parsia Vazirnia 2L · Postby **Parsia Vazirnia 2L** » Sun Oct 09, 2016 2:32 pm

Hi,

Where does the Na(N03) come from in the products side of the equation? The question only mentions that it produces a precipitate of light blue copper(II) hydroxide.I know there must be a sodium in products side because we have one in the reactants, but how do you know its Na(N03) because it is not stated in the question?

Britney Pheng 1L · Postby **Britney Pheng 1L** » Sun Oct 16, 2016 1:29 am

Hi Parsia,

Sorry for the late reply! In this question, you are given two compounds that react together to form two new compounds.

This is called a double replacement/displacement reaction: AB + XY $\rightarrow$ XB + AY
The products are formed when the two cations (or two anions) of the reactants switch places.

We are given $Cu(NO_{3})_{2}$ ( $Cu^{2+}$ & $NO_{3}^{-}$ ) and $NaOH$ ( $Na^{+}$ & $OH^{-}$ ).
So when we switch the cations of the reactants ( $Cu^{2+}$ and $Na^{+}$ ), you will get both: the stated precipitate $Cu(OH)_{2}$ and the inferred compound $NaNO_{3}$ .

Even though it’s not stated, we can’t leave $NaNO_{3}$ out because that would violate the law of conservation of mass.

Hope this clears it up.

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