Limitations in Predicting Spontaneity

[laurence14b2f]

Hi all! What are the limitations of using Gibbs free energy as a sole criterion for predicting reaction spontaneity, and how can we supplement it with other thermodynamic parameters? Thank youuuu

[505998141]

Limitation of Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG):

Doesn't predict reaction speed (kinetics).
Doesn't consider actual concentrations or pressures.
Supplementing ΔG with Other Parameters:

Equilibrium Constant (K): Tells us how far the reaction goes.
Reaction Quotient (Q): Helps predict reaction direction in real conditions.
Activation Energy (Ea): Indicates how fast the reaction occurs.
Enthalpy (ΔH) and Entropy (ΔS): Affect ΔG and explain reaction mechanisms.