Energy of bound and free electrons

[Alexandra Albers 1D]

In the atomic spectra video, Dr. Lavelle says that -VE sign means that a bound e- has lower energy than a free e-. What does he mean by "bound" and "free" electrons?

[arif_latif_2G]

"Free" means that the electron is not a part of an atom so it is just an electron that is "free-roaming"
Bound means that the electron is part of an atom so its "Bound to the nucleus"
I hope this clear up any confusion.

[Alexandra Albers 1D]

It does, thank you!

[Karan Thaker 2L]

this is understandable as a detached electron was likely excited and is also free to interact with other atoms (thus giving it high PE). A bound electron also has high PE, but is still bound to the atom and is being held there by stable bonds (so less energy).