Electron Affinity

[606156544]

Hello,

I was wondering why energy would be released when adding an electron to a neutral atom. Can someone explain this to me in a conceptual way so I can understand the trend more? Thank you!

[alexia11]

The release of energy corresponds to a transition to a more stable state. For example, you can add an electron to Cl to fill its valence shell and make it have an electron configuration similar to Ar. In this case, energy is released as the Cl is now more stable since it has a full valence shell. In comparison, the absorption of energy corresponds to the transition to a less stable state.

[Jasmin 2C]

Energy would be released when adding an electron to a neutral atom because the net potential of the atom decreases and therefore releases energy.

[306060519]

The release of energy always comes at the same time as a transition into a state where there is more stability for the system itself, thus explaining this concept and why you had this question.

[Manav Patel 3L]

Whether energy is released or absorbed when adding an electron to a neutral atom depends on the specific atom's electron affinity. If the atom has a strong affinity for an additional electron, energy will typically be released. If the atom has a weak affinity or lacks the ability to easily accept an electron, energy will need to be supplied to facilitate the process.