atomic and ionic radii
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atomic and ionic radii
Can someone explain the difference between atomic and ionic radii? I'm not sure I fully understand it.
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Re: atomic and ionic radii
The atomic radii are the size of neutral atoms. Ionic radii, however, describes the size of atoms that have either gained an electron (negatively charged anions) or lost an electron (positively charged cations). The ionic radii for anions are typically larger than their neutral counterparts because of the increased shielding effect that occurs with the addition of more electrons, reducing the attraction of the electrons to the nucleus. The opposite occurs for the ionic radii for cations. Their atomic radii are smaller than their neutral counterparts because of a decrease in the shielding effect with the removal of electrons that increases the attraction the electrons feel towards the nucleus.
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Re: atomic and ionic radii
The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus to the valence electron in a neutral atom, or an element in its normal form on the periodic table. The ionic radius is the distance from the nucleus to the valence electron in an ion, whether it is a positive cation that has lost electrons or a negative anion that has gained electrons.
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Re: atomic and ionic radii
Atomic radius refers to the length from the nucleus to the valence shell. Similarly, ionic radius measures this, however it more specifically measures the length from the nucleus to the outermost electrons when an atom is in its ionized state. Therefore, an atom's ionic radius can be longer or shorter (depending on whether it's an anion or cation) than its atomic radius.
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