Extra Valence Electrons

[Ethan Goode 2H]

I am a little confused as to why in P, S, and Cl, the d orbital allows for them to have an extra valence electron.

[Mackenzie Fernandez 3G]

hi!

I have in my notes that P, S, and Cl can accommodate more than 8 valence e-. These atoms in period 3 or higher have d-orbitals in their valence shells that are able to accommodate these additional e-. I think this can just be summed up to the fact that they are exceptions to the octet rule.

[Anastasia Yulo 1C]

Those elements are just exceptions to the octet rule.

[Kelly Ha 1K]

Elements such as P, S, Cl are exceptions to the octet rule and have expanded valence shells because the valence shell has enough orbitals to accommodate additional electrons. This applies to other elements in period 3 or beyond because the 3d subshell becomes available starting from n=3 and beyond (3d exists but not 1d or 2d for example) which basically allows more than 8 electrons to occupy those states, hence why they are exceptions to the octet rule.

[Kyle Dizon 3A]

The elements that you have listed essentially describes the octet rule exceptions in which they are able to accommodate extra electrons due to the period 3 / or 3d subshell.

[Moura Girgis 1F]

As Dr. Lavelle had mentioned in one of his previous lectures, these elements would be exceptions to the octet rule, which is why they could hold that extra electron.

[Lauren Strickland 1B]

Professor Lavelle mentioned that those elements are exceptions to the octet rule.

[Anthony_Sandoval_1D]

I believe it was mentioned in lecture but this is because they are exceptions to the octet rule.

[Melanie Lin 3E]

Hello! Prof. Lavelle actually mentioned this in the lecture about them being the exception but since they're also going to the n=3 shell, they are able to take in more electrons.

[Edwin Liang 1I]

Those three elements are exceptions to the octet rule. It's because of their d-orbitals.

[Dominic Benna 2E]

They are the exceptions to the octet rule because they can have d-oribitals.