polar v nonpolar
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Re: polar v nonpolar
In polar molecules, the charges are different and do not cancel out. In nonpolar molecules, the charges may be different but they cancel out. So, a molecule can have polar bonds, but is in all a nonpolar molecule. Basically, in a polar molecule, the distribution of electrons between the bonded atoms is not even, which causes a dipole moment.
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Re: polar v nonpolar
Polar molecules have uneven charge distribution, caused by differing electronegativity in the molecule's elements, or by asymmetry in molecule shape. Polar molecules have regions of partial positive charge, and partial negative charge.
Non-polar molecules' atoms are either of the same electronegativity (ex: molecular oxygen, O2) or have a symmetrical molecular shape which results in a "cancelling" of each atom's "pulling" of electrons.
Non-polar molecules' atoms are either of the same electronegativity (ex: molecular oxygen, O2) or have a symmetrical molecular shape which results in a "cancelling" of each atom's "pulling" of electrons.
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Re: polar v nonpolar
Molecules are polar when there is a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. Molecules are nonpolar when the electrons are equally shared between atoms or when polar bonds in a larger molecule cancel each other out.
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Re: polar v nonpolar
Polar molecules have unequal charge distribution due to an unequal sharing of electrons in a bond that creates a net dipole. Nonpolar molecules have no net dipole/unequal sharing of electrons due to an equal sharing of electrons and thus creates symmetry.
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Re: polar v nonpolar
To keep it simple, polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charges while nonpolar molecules are more symmetrical and have an even distribution of charges.
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Re: polar v nonpolar
What everybody above said is correct. If I may add, polar molecules will experience permanent dipole-dipole interactions due to the uneven electron distribution within each molecule, which leads to partial charges and so forth. Nonpolar molecules, because the electron distributions are even, do not experience this. Instead, they only experience London dispersion forces. Keep in mind that EVERY molecule experiences London dispersion forces, but for nonpolar molecules, this will be the only form of intermolecular attractions you could observe.
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Re: polar v nonpolar
Essentially polar bonds form when there are two bonded atoms that an uneven distribution of charges due to an unequal sharing of electrons. Nonpolar bonds form when two atoms have an equal distribution of charges due to an equal sharing of electrons.
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