Octet exception

[405398682]

What elements are exempted from Octet rule (eg. P) and why?

[Jonathan Gong 2H]

Elements in the 3p or higher orbital are exceptions to the octet rule. This is because they have an empty d-orbital that allows them to hold more than 8 valence e-, e.g. for P, it is located in the 3p orbital, but has an empty 3d orbital that allows it to hold more than 8 e- and be an exception.

[Bilal Pandit 1J]

Elements that have a d-orbital are able to have more than an octet, as the electrons will go into the d-orbital. These are basically all the elements in the 3rd row and down.

[KnarGeghamyan1B]

Some typical exceptions are S, P, and Cl.

[Michelle Song 1I]

Boron and Aluminum are also exceptions in that they can form only 3 bonds.

[AnayaArnold_3L]

What role do octet exceptions hod when it comes to identifying polarity?

[Kaitlynn Tran 3F]

Atoms in row 3 and below on the periodic table can typically have expanded octets.

[Shutong Hou_1F]

Boron and Aluminum are also exceptions in that they can form only 3 bonds.

Exactly. But to be more specific, without any additional lone pairs, the number of valence electrons around boron and aluminum is then only 6, not reaching octet.

[Alan Cornejo 1a]

Elements in the 3p or higher orbital are exceptions to the octet rule. This is because they have an empty d-orbital that allows them to hold more than 8 valence e-, e.g. for P, it is located in the 3p orbital, but has an empty 3d orbital that allows it to hold more than 8 e- and be an exception.

This is correct for atoms that can have more than 8 electrons, but Boron and Aluminum can also break the rule in that they can form compounds with only 6 valence electrons.

[Annie Ye]

Elements in 3p or higher have the octet exception because of the d orbital.

[Aman Sankineni 2L]

Any element beyond Na would have the exception.

[jisulee1C]

Any element in the beyond 3s2 will be able to form more than four bonds and is therefore an exception because the d orbital begins in principle energy level 3 and is therefore able to accomodate more than the standard 8 electrons.

[Samuel Tzeng 1B]

Elements with the third energy shell and on since the d-orbital can also have electrons

[JasonKwon_3k]

elements after the third period are where they will be able to display expanded octet behavior.

[Sophia Kalanski 1A]

H, He, Li, Be are not part of the octet rule because H and He only need to fill up an S orbital to satisfy the orbital and since Li and Be are closest to Helium, they will lost electrons to reach the amount of valence electrons/the state of helium and therefore they don't and won't have to fill an 8 electron shell orbital.