Polar vs Nonpolar

[Kosi 3E]

Why do polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charge, and how does this differ from nonpolar molecules in terms of their overall dipole moment?

[Sophie Hilton Section 3H]

For a polar molecule to exist there must be an equal sharing or distribution of the electrons. This means that the dipoles are unequally charged due to the net electronegativity of the molecule.

[805777063]

Hi!
Polar molecules have polar bonds (electrons are not shared evenly (electronegatvity)). This in itself create areas with partial charges.
In non polar molecules (hydrocarbons, symmetrical molecules) the only partial charge created is by momentary LDP. Because these occur spontaneously, they aren't as strong and consistent as permanent dipoles.

[Gitanjali_Sharma_2D]

You can determine polarity both by drawing out the Lewis structure and looking at it to see if it is symmetrical, and also by comparing the electronegativities of the atoms — if the difference is less than 0.5 it is likely no polar, while if it is greater than 0.5 (but less than 1.5) it is likely polar.

[Mackenzie_Kirk]

Polar molecules tend to have an uneven charge distribution because one atom can be more electronegative than another. This then leads to partial charges, creating the dipole in intermolecular forces. The non-polar molecules have an even charge distribution, allowing them to have London-dispersion forces and no other Intermolecular forces. This is due to them not having a dipole.

[Diana Alvarez 3A]

Polar molecules have uneven charge distributions because one atom is more electronegative than the other. Polar molecules with electronegativity differences of over 2 have strong ionic properties.

[Bethel Tesfamicael]

The uneven distribution of charge in polar molecules is a consequence of the unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar molecules exhibit a more symmetric electron distribution, leading to a lack of an overall dipole moment.