Periodic Trends [ENDORSED]
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Periodic Trends
why does electronegativity, electron affinity, and ionization energy all increase to the right?
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Re: Periodic Trends [ENDORSED]
Electronegativity is how strongly atoms attract electrons to themselves. As you go from left to right, the number of protons in the nucleus increases. Since protons are positively charged and are attracted to the negatively charged electrons, electronegativity will in turn increase as well.
Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a gas-phase atom. It increases from left to right because atoms want to complete their shell as they get closer to being able to reach a full shell. All atoms want to reach a stable state with low potential energy, so more energy will be released as they move from left to right.
Ionization energy is the energy needed to remove an electron from a gas-phase atom. Moving from left to right, the protons have a stronger hold on the electrons due to the higher electronegativity, thus reducing atomic radius. Due to the strong attraction between protons and electrons, as you go from left to right, the ionization energy will increase in turn because it is harder to remove an electron.
Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a gas-phase atom. It increases from left to right because atoms want to complete their shell as they get closer to being able to reach a full shell. All atoms want to reach a stable state with low potential energy, so more energy will be released as they move from left to right.
Ionization energy is the energy needed to remove an electron from a gas-phase atom. Moving from left to right, the protons have a stronger hold on the electrons due to the higher electronegativity, thus reducing atomic radius. Due to the strong attraction between protons and electrons, as you go from left to right, the ionization energy will increase in turn because it is harder to remove an electron.
Re: Periodic Trends
ionization energy increases as you move towards the right side of the periodic table because the number of electrons in the valence shell of the atom increase, therefore, it takes more energy to remove the atom's valence electrons since the valence shell is almost or completely filled
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Re: Periodic Trends
Electronegativity increases as you go to the right on the periodic table because it is continuously getting more stable when you add more valence electrons to the outermost shell, and therefore the atom will have a higher tendency to want to keep those electrons. Therefore, the more the atom wants to keep the electrons, the higher the ionization energy as you go to the right on the periodic table.
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