Dipole-Induced Dipole

[Helen Mejia 1I]

Hi can someone explain dipole and induced dipole?

[Sara Flynn 2C]

A dipole is a molecule with a partially negative charge on one part of the molecule and a partially positive charge on another part of the molecule. This is always present in polar molecules, but in nonpolar molecules an induced dipole can be created. An induced dipole occurs when the electron density builds up in one part of the molecule giving that area a partial negative charge and the area with low electron density a partial positive charge. When a dipole comes near a nonpolar molecule a dipole can be induced because the electrons will move away or towards the other molecule depending on the charge of the dipole creating an induced dipole

[Jonathan Zhao 4H]

Water is a dipole as the oxygen is electronegative, causing O to be more negative than the H's. If a water molecule (dipole) was nearby a N2 molecule (nonpolar), the N closest to the O would have a slightly positive charge, causing the other N to have a slightly negative charge, creating a dipole. The water molecule is inducing the N2 molecule to become dipole.

[Joey Greco 1F]

Basically, if a molecule is polar, when it approaches neutral atoms or molecules and repel their electrons. In doing so they gain an induced dipole with a relatively positive side closest to the negative side of a polar molecule.