hydrogen bonding and ice

[Neha Gupta 2A]

How does hydrogen bonding lead to ice being less dense than water? Does it make the molecules into a different shape?

[Stuti Pradhan 2J]

The hydrogen bonds push the molecules further apart, which leads to ice having a lower density than water, causing it to float. It is not so much the shape of the molecules, but more their spacing due to the hydrogen bonding.

Hope this helps!

[Nathan Tong 3G]

In the liquid form of H₂O, the hydrogen bonds between the molecules are being constantly broken and reformed, so the molecules can be closer to each other. However in solid ice, the hydrogen bonds form a more spread out lattice form, so the ice is less dense and can therefore float.

[Gigi Elizarraras 2C]

In ice, the water molecules stay together, and their bonds are then larger than those of the liquid water molecule(broken and unbroken simultaneously. So with the increased distance between molecules, the density is less causing it to float:)

[David Liu 1E]

with ice it forms a lattice structure that actually makes the structure have less density, because water is more dense in liquid form as it flows freely and forms/reforms bonds while in ice all the molecules are structured