Hybrid Comparisons

[Azlyn Hernandez 2E]

How does the transition from sp3 to sp2 hybridization affect a molecule?

[Hannah Cole 3J]

Hi there! The transition from sp³ to sp² hybridization in a molecule results in a change in geometry from tetrahedral to trigonal planar. This transition decreases the number of sigma bonds, as atoms in sp³ hybridization typically form four sigma bonds, while those in sp² hybridization form three. The emergence of unhybridized p orbitals in sp² hybridization facilitates the formation of pi (π) bonds, contributing to increased bond strength and resonance stabilization. Molecules with sp² hybridization are generally more reactive than their sp³ counterparts due to the availability of additional pathways for reactivity, such as electrophilic or nucleophilic attacks at double bonds. I hope this helps!