S-character of a hybrid orbital


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Jessica Yen Dis2G
Posts: 22
Joined: Fri Sep 25, 2015 3:00 am

S-character of a hybrid orbital

Postby Jessica Yen Dis2G » Tue Oct 27, 2015 10:04 pm

What does it mean when "the s-character of a hybrid orbital is increased"? Why does the bond angle between two hybrid orbitals increases as the s-character of the hybrids is increased?

Angela He 3B
Posts: 15
Joined: Fri Sep 25, 2015 3:00 am

Re: S-character of a hybrid orbital

Postby Angela He 3B » Wed Oct 28, 2015 8:05 pm

s character basically refers to the s in the hybrid orbital, so for example sp3 would be 25% s character and 75% p character. The bond angle would increase when the s character increases because there is a decrease in the p character, which would mean less electron densities around the central atom. For example a sp hybrid would have bond angles of 180 degrees. An sp2 hybrid, with a decreased s character, would have bond angles of 120.

Arielle Kunitz 3A
Posts: 21
Joined: Fri Sep 25, 2015 3:00 am

Re: S-character of a hybrid orbital

Postby Arielle Kunitz 3A » Sun Nov 01, 2015 8:50 pm

I think of it like the ratio of S to other hybrid orbitals (P and/or D)
SP hybridization has a 1:1 ratio
SP2 has a 1:2 ratio
SP3D2 has a 1:5 ratio

The 1:1 SP will have the most S-character
This yield as larger bond angle (180 degrees, linear in shape) than, let's say, SP3D2 (90 degrees, octahedral in shape)

Hope this helps :)


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