How to tell if a chemical is an acid or base?

[Adams Dis 1A]

I was wondering if there was a way to tell if a certain chemical will turn into an acid or base without some other information?
Like in question 6b.5, how would I know what HBr, HNO3, or HClO would be?

[Jonas Talandis]

Consider what would likely happen in a reaction with water. Does the H atom have anywhere to be accepted? Or will it dissociate. Many times molecules are amphoteric and can do both but a lot of it will be memorization and understanding of where a proton can go. One big indicator for bases that Dr. Lavelle loves is if a molecule has a nitrogen with a lone pair it is almost always a base since it can accept an H very easily.

[Katelyn Pham 4E]

There is also a list of strong acids and bases. Here is a quizlet link of the top 6 strong acids and bases!

https://quizlet.com/41246443/6-strong-a ... ash-cards/

[LeannaPhan14BDis1D]

For the most part you will kinda just have to memorize whether or not it is a base or an acid

[Amar Singh]

First of all you need to define the type of acid/base you want to check. There are 3 main types: arrhenius, bronsted-lowry, and lewis.

ARRHENIUS ACIDS will donate a H+ ion when dissolved in water
ARRHENIUS BASES will donate a OH- ion when dissolved in water

BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS will donate a H+ ion in a solution (difference between arrhenius is that the solution doesn't have to be water)
BRONSTED-LOWRY BASES will accept a H+ ion in a solution

LEWIS ACIDS accept electron pairs
LEWIS BASES donate electron pairs

The most common definition used for acids/bases is the bronsted-lowry definition, but that can change for different circumstances.