Polyprotic vs Monoprotic

[ElizabethTopalian 2K]

what is the difference between polyprotic and monoprotic acids and bases?

[305814591]

Monoprotic refers to a single exchange of a proton for a weak acid or base, whereas polyprotic refers to multiple exchanges of electrons for a weak base or acid. Monoprotic can be thought of as: HA <-> H+ + A- or BOH <-> OH- + B+.

[Patricia Sourinphoumy Dis1C]

A monoprotic acid is an acid that can donate only one proton, while polyprotic acid can donate more than one proton.

Common monoprotic acids: HCl, HNO3, CH3COOH
Common polyprotic acids: H2SO4, H2CO3, H3PO4

A monoprotic base can only accept one proton, while a polyprotic base can accept more than one proton.

Common monoprotic bases: NaOH, KOH, NH3
Common polyprotic bases: Ba(OH)2, PO4^3-, SO4^2-

[Ciabel Querol 3E]

Monoprotic acids only have one proton to donate, i.e. HCl. I recognize them by remembering that they have a single H either at the beginning or end. Polyprotic acids have multiple protons that they can donate, such as H2SO4 (which can donate one H+ to become HSO4-, and then another another one to become SO4 2-).
Monoprotic bases, i.e. KOH work the same way, just in reverse—they can accept one proton. Same thing with polyprotic bases like Ba(OH)2—they can accept multiple protons. I recognize these by noting that they usually have multiple OH’s or a charge more negative than -1.

[Nicole Li 2B]

Polyprotic acids have multiple protons, while monoprotic acids have one proton.

Polyprotic acids dissociate one hydrogen proton at a time, leading it to have multiple k constants.

In contrast, bases with multiple (OH-) groups dissociate all at once.

Hope this helps!