Buffer Concept

[406003397]

Can someone explain the concept of buffer capacity and its significance in maintaining the pH of a solution? How does the ratio of the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base in a buffer solution affect its ability to neutralize added acids or bases?

[CristinaG]

Buffer capacity is just a description of how well the buffer can resist changing pH by absorbing/desorbing H+ and OH- ions. The ratio of the weak acid and its conjugate base determines whether the buffer is better at neutralizing added acids or bases. If there is more weak acid, it can neutralize added base better, and if there is more weak base, it can neutralize acids better. Overall, a higher concentration buffer solution will have a higher capacity.