Atomic Radius

[Jessica Helfond 2F]

Could someone explain why removing the second ionization energy of an element is always higher than the first?

[chris_tsai_4H]

Since one electron has already been removed, the remaining electrons are now experiencing a greater attraction to the nucleus. The subsequent electrons being removed will have a higher ionization energy since they are less easy to remove.

[904936893]

When an electron is removed, the atom becomes a cation, or a positively charged ion. This positive charge in the atom makes the electrons more attracted to it, and therefore harder to remove.

[rikolivares]

There is less electrons to share the nucleus's positive charge once one of the electrons is removed, so the remaining ones have to take on more attraction to the nucleus .

[Quinn_Simpson_3D]

When an electron is removed, the remaining electrons feel a greater attraction to the nucleus as there is more protons than electrons. This is makes it harder to take other electrons away.

[Sang Hyoun Hong 3G]

There are fewer electrons that experience a greater force of attraction from the positive nucleus. Thus it is harder to take electrons away!

[Ahmed Mahmood 4D]

When an electron is removed, the proton:electron ratio heightens. Because of this, the surrounding electrons become more attracted to the protons in the nucleus, requiring more energy to remove said electrons and thus a higher ionization energy.

[ThomascnguyenDis1J]

Removing an electron gives the atom a greater positive charge, converting it into a cation. This causes the remaining electrons to have a greater attraction to the nucleus.