Valence Electrons?

[Jedrick Zablan 3L]

Hello! This is a really simple question, but how do you find the number of valence electrons for transition metals? Thanks. :)

[Ariel Davydov 1C]

Most transition metals have 2 valence electrons. Valence electrons are the sum total of all the electrons in the highest energy level (principal quantum number n). Most transition metals have an electron configuration that is [noble gas]ns2(n−1)d, so those ns2 electrons are the valence electrons. Typically though, the charge (and subsequently number of valence electrons) of a transition metal will be indicated in parentheses after the element name (ex: tin (IV) has a charge of +4).

[IreneGi2I]

I found this chart on the Internet, and I think it will help you a lot!

[Kavee Dodampahala 4E]

Could someone further clarify the answer to this question? I'm still confused about how to figure out the number of valence electrons for transition metals.

[904914037]

Since, for this class, we are only responsible for the first row of transition metals, they all have n=4 as their outermost shell. By finding the electron configuration of these elements you would find that they only fill the 4s orbital of the n=4 shell, and for that reason they would have 2 valence electrons (there are two valence electrons in a full 4s orbital). There are some exceptions to this, such as Chromium, which would have 1 valence electron due to it wanting to have 3d5 in its configuration for more stability.

If a question says to include the outermost d orbital electrons, that would mean you add the amount of d orbital electrons to the 4s valence electrons. Consider the example for Vanadium. Vanadium is not an exception to any rule we covered, so we can assume that its 4s orbital is completely filled (2 electrons). Since we are including the d electrons, we would add 3 electrons since Vanadium is in the third group of transition metals and we add one electron as we move one element to the right. So, Vanadium would have 5 valence electrons when including the outermost d orbital electrons. To give another example, Manganese would have 7. Hope this helps!

[Max Madrzyk Dis 4G]

Valence electrons for the non metals can basically be counted just by going across the periodic table, for example; Li:1, Be:2, B:3, C:4, N:5, O:6, F:7, and Ne:8. And that pattern follows down the columns.

[erica thompson 4I]

Count from the last full period on the periodic table, representing a full electron shell, and that's how many valence electrons there are!

[bellaha4F]

regarding the picture posted, I thought Cl has 7 valence electrons, and the chart says it has 5? I'm pretty sure that chlorine has 7 valence electrons? I could be wrong, unless I'm reading the picture wrong.

[Anvi Brahmbhatt 4A]

regarding the picture posted, I thought Cl has 7 valence electrons, and the chart says it has 5? I'm pretty sure that chlorine has 7 valence electrons? I could be wrong, unless I'm reading the picture wrong.

I also agree with that; chlorine has 7 valence electrons, but the chart says it has 5.

[Avnita C_4B]

Cl has 7 valence electrons, the valence electrons go in order of the row so it increases by 1 as you go from left to right. The noble gases are stable as they have full 8 valence electrons and do not involve in the bonds associated with the other elements.

[Victoria Otuya 4F]

I found this chart on the Internet, and I think it will help you a lot!

what about the transition metals? How would we determine the valence electrons?

[Pipiena Malafu 3J]

From my understanding of transition metals, there is no set number of valence electrons for each individual atom within these metals as their electrons can be configured in a variety of ways allowing them to have a range of possible numbers for valence electrons.

[Pipiena Malafu 3J]

[Continuation of last explanation]

For this reason, I believe that the problems will inform you as to what the charges are for the transition metals, disregarding a few of the ones with fixed charges. (For anyone who feels, or is more confident, please feel free to pitch in on this matter!)

[005206171]

I just count across the period. For transition metals, if they ask, go off the number of electrons in the highest principle quantum number. If they ask for the d block electrons, then add those in too. Problem 2A1 letter c is an example. Mn is said to have 7 VE - 2 from 4p2 and 5 from 3d5

[bloodorangefield]

Valence electrons for the non metals can basically be counted just by going across the periodic table, for example; Li:1, Be:2, B:3, C:4, N:5, O:6, F:7, and Ne:8. And that pattern follows down the columns.

For non metals, count across the periodic table. Each corresponding element should have the same number of v. electrons IE Li has 1.

[Katherine Brenner 3H]

Can someone describe the difference for the number of valence electrons in different metals/nonmetals and in the akalines?